# legal_provisions

document_id: rra-1993
provision_ref: s9B
chapter: PART 5 - GENERAL
section: 9B
title: Obstructing employee, etc.
content:
9B. —(1) An employer or other person who in any way obstructs any employee in appearing before the Commissioner pursuant to any summons issued under this Act shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months or to both. (2) A person who wilfully obstructs or impedes any entry, inquiry or investigation made under this Act for which no penalty is expressly provided shall be guilty of an offence.


document_id: rra-1993
provision_ref: s9C
chapter: PART 5 - GENERAL
section: 9C
title: Penalties
content:
9C. A person who is guilty of any breach or any offence under this Act for which no penalty is otherwise provided shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months or to both, and for a subsequent offence under the same section to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or to both.


document_id: rra-1993
provision_ref: s10
chapter: PART 5 - GENERAL
section: 10
title: Composition of offences
content:
10. —(1) An investigating officer, with the approval of the Commissioner, may compound any offence under this Act that is prescribed as a compoundable offence by collecting from a person reasonably suspected of having committed the offence a sum not exceeding the lower of the following: ( a ) one half of the amount of the maximum fine that is prescribed for the offence; ( b ) $1,000. (2) On payment of the sum of money, no further proceedings are to be taken against that person in respect of the offence. (3) The Minister may make regulations to prescribe the offences that may be compounded.


document_id: rra-1993
provision_ref: s11
chapter: PART 5 - GENERAL
section: 11
title: Exemption
content:
11. —(1) The Minister may, by notification in the Gazette , exempt with or without conditions any person or class of persons from all or any of the provisions of this Act. (2) The Minister may at any time revoke any such exemption, vary or revoke any existing conditions or impose new conditions.


document_id: rra-1993
provision_ref: s11A
chapter: PART 5 - GENERAL
section: 11A
title: Restriction on contracting out
content:
11A. Any term of a contract of service or collective agreement is void insofar as it purports — ( a ) to exclude or limit the operation of any provision of this Act; or ( b ) to preclude any person from making a representation, a claim or an application under this Act.


document_id: rra-1993
provision_ref: s11B
chapter: PART 5 - GENERAL
section: 11B
title: Power to issue tripartite guidelines
content:
11B. The Minister may issue guidelines relating to the re‑employment of eligible employees and the terms and conditions of re‑employment of eligible employees, in the form of tripartite guidelines, and upon the publication of such guidelines in the Gazette, regard may be had to the guidelines for the purposes of Part 3 and sections 8A, 8B and 8C of this Act and section 34 of the Industrial Relations Act 1960 . [21/2016]


document_id: rra-1993
provision_ref: s12
chapter: PART 5 - GENERAL
section: 12
title: Regulations
content:
12. —(1) The Minister may make regulations for any purpose for which regulations may be made under this Act and for prescribing anything which may be prescribed and generally for the purpose of carrying this Act into effect. (2) Without limiting subsection (1), the Minister may make regulations with respect to any of the following matters or for any of the following purposes: ( a ) for prescribing the procedure in respect of any proceedings under this Act; ( b ) for any incidental matters for which the Minister thinks it expedient to provide with a view to securing compliance of this Act; ( c ) for prescribing the form of the orders to be made under this Act; ( d ) for any provision of this Act that is applicable to the re‑employment of an employee to apply, with such modifications as may be specified in the regulations, to — (i) the renewal of a re‑employment contract; or (ii) the employment of an eligible employee by another employer as mentioned in section 7C(1)( b ). [21/2016; 5/2017]


document_id: rra-1993
provision_ref: s13
chapter: PART 5 - GENERAL
section: 13
title: Saving of other written law
content:
13. Nothing in this Act operates to relieve any employer of any duty or liability imposed upon the employer by the provisions of any other written law for the time being in force.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s1
chapter: PART 1 - PRELIMINARY
section: 1
title: Short title and commencement
content:
1. —(1) This Act is the Resource Sustainability Act 2019. (2) [ Deleted by Act 14 of 2023 wef 12/07/2024 ]


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s2
chapter: PART 1 - PRELIMINARY
section: 2
title: Interpretation
content:
2. —(1) In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires — “Agency” means the National Environment Agency established under the National Environment Agency Act 2002; “authorised officer” means an authorised officer appointed under section 5(2); “consumer”, in relation to any regulated goods or regulated product, means an individual who purchases or intends to purchase the regulated goods or regulated product for household use or private consumption; “dispose”, in relation to any thing, means to dispose of the thing as waste; “import” does not include the bringing into Singapore of any regulated goods or regulated product which are to be taken out of Singapore on the same conveyance on which they were brought into Singapore without any landing or transhipment within Singapore; “key appointment holder”, in relation to a holder of a licence to operate a producer responsibility scheme, means — ( a ) if a company, limited liability partnership or other body corporate — a member of the board of directors, committee, board of trustees or other governing body of the licensee; ( b ) if a partnership — a partner of the licensee; or ( c ) in any other case — any person, by whatever name called, who has general management or supervision of the business of the licensee; [Act 14 of 2023 wef 12/07/2024] “licensed e-waste recycler” means a person who is licensed under section 23(2) of the Environmental Public Health Act 1987 to operate a disposal facility that receives, stores, sorts, processes or treats electrical and electronic waste; [Act 14 of 2023 wef 26/05/2023] “licensed scheme” means a producer responsibility scheme operated by a person who is licensed under section 29; “licensed waste collector” means a person who is licensed under section 31 of the Environmental Public Health Act 1987; “occupier”, in relation to any premises, means a person — ( a ) in occupation of the premises or part of the premises; or ( b ) having the charge, management or control of the premises or part of the premises, either on the person’s own account or as agent of another person, but does not include a lodger; “producer responsibility scheme” means a scheme in which — ( a ) the operator of the scheme collects, or organises the collection of, any specified waste from the public and causes such waste collected to be treated and recycled; and ( b ) members of the scheme finance the costs of operating the scheme, including the costs of the collection, treatment and recycling of the waste collected; “retailer” means a person who carries on a trade or business of supplying any regulated goods or regulated product to consumers; “Singapore-connected person” means any person who is — ( a ) a citizen or a permanent resident of Singapore; ( b ) a company or other body corporate incorporated in, or having its central management and control in, Singapore; or ( c ) an unincorporated body established in Singapore; “specified waste” means any waste specified in the Schedule; “waste” includes any discarded, rejected, unwanted, surplus or abandoned substance, and a substance is not precluded from being waste for the purposes of this Act merely because it is or may be processed, recycled or recovered. (2) In this Act, a reference to the collection of any waste regulated under this Act means the collection, receipt, removal, transportation or storage of the waste for the disposal of the waste.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s3
chapter: PART 1 - PRELIMINARY
section: 3
title: Purposes of Act
content:
3. The purposes of this Act are — ( a ) to implement a framework where persons who profit from the supply of products bear the cost of collecting and treating these products when they become waste; ( b ) to encourage producers of packaging to reduce, re‑use or recycle packaging; [Act 14 of 2023 wef 26/05/2023] ( ba ) to reduce the use of disposable carrier bags by persons supplied goods by way of retail; and [Act 14 of 2023 wef 26/05/2023] ( c ) to enable proper segregation and treatment of food waste.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s4
chapter: PART 2 - APPLICATION AND ADMINISTRATION
section: 4
title: Application of Act to Government
content:
4. —(1) Except as provided in subsection (2), this Act binds the Government. (2) Nothing in this Act renders the Government liable to prosecution for an offence. (3) To avoid doubt, a person is not immune from prosecution for any offence under this Act by reason only that the person is engaged to provide services to or on behalf of the Government.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s5
chapter: PART 2 - APPLICATION AND ADMINISTRATION
section: 5
title: Administration of Act
content:
5. —(1) The Agency is responsible for the administration and enforcement of this Act, subject to the general or special directions of the Minister. (2) The Agency may appoint, by name or office, any officer or employee of the Agency to be an authorised officer to carry out any function or duty, or exercise any power, conferred on an authorised officer under this Act, as the Agency may specify.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s6
chapter: PART 3 - ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC WASTE
section: 6
title: Application to regulated products
content:
6. This Part applies only to a class or type of electrical or electronic product (including an electrical or electronic product supplied as a component of another product) that is prescribed to be a regulated product.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s7
chapter: PART 3 - ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC WASTE
section: 7
title: Interpretation of this Part
content:
7. —(1) In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires — “e-waste” means any regulated product that is intended for disposal and not for re‑use; “registered” means registered under section 9(2); “regulated consumer product” means any regulated product prescribed as such under section 12(2); “regulated non-consumer product” means any regulated product that is not a regulated consumer product; “regulated product” means any class or type of electrical or electronic product prescribed as such under section 6; “supply”, in relation to any regulated product, includes — ( a ) the supply of the regulated product by way of sale (including by barter or exchange) or hire‑purchase; ( b ) the supply of the regulated product by retail or by wholesale; ( c ) the supply of the regulated product in connection with any agreement; and ( d ) the offer to supply the regulated product or exposure of the regulated product for supply. (2) Subject to subsection (3), a person is the producer of a regulated product if the person — ( a ) carries on a business of supplying the regulated product in Singapore; and ( b ) in furtherance of that business — (i) imports the regulated product into Singapore; (ii) manufactures the regulated product in Singapore; or (iii) engages another person to manufacture the regulated product in Singapore or otherwise causes such manufacture. (3) A manufacturer of a regulated product is not the producer of the regulated product if the manufacturer manufactures the regulated product for or on behalf of a Singapore‑connected person. Division 2 &#x2014; Registration of producers


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s8
chapter: PART 3 - ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC WASTE
section: 8
title: Unauthorised supply of regulated products
content:
8. —(1) A producer of a regulated product must not supply the regulated product or any other regulated product in Singapore if the producer is not registered under section 9(2). (2) A producer of a regulated product who, without reasonable excuse, contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s9
chapter: PART 3 - ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC WASTE
section: 9
title: Registration of producers
content:
9. —(1) A producer of a regulated product in Singapore may apply to the Agency to be registered under subsection (2). (2) The Agency may register, subject to such conditions as the Agency thinks fit to impose, or refuse to register, any applicant under subsection (1). (3) Any registration under subsection (2) is transferable only with the written approval of the Agency. (4) A producer of a regulated product who is aggrieved by the Agency’s decision to impose a condition on a registration or to refuse to register the producer under subsection (2) may, within 14 days after receiving notice of the Agency’s decision, appeal to the Minister.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s10
chapter: PART 3 - ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC WASTE
section: 10
title: Duration, cancellation and revocation of registration
content:
10. —(1) A registration of a producer of a regulated product under section 9(2) remains valid unless cancelled or revoked under this section. (2) The Agency may cancel a registration under section 9(2) of a producer of a regulated product if — ( a ) the producer of the regulated product applies to the Agency to cancel the registration; or ( b ) the producer of the regulated product winds up, goes into liquidation or is otherwise dissolved. (3) The Agency may revoke the registration of a producer of a regulated product after giving notice to the producer concerned and after such inquiry as the Agency thinks fit, on any of the following grounds: ( a ) the producer procured the registration by providing any information or document to the Agency that is false or misleading in any material particular; ( b ) the Agency is satisfied that the producer has contravened any provision of this Part or any condition of the registration. (4) The Agency must, before revoking a registration under subsection (3), give the producer of a regulated product concerned a written notice of its intention to do so and an opportunity to submit reasons, within the period specified in that notice, as to why the registration should not be revoked. (5) The Agency must, within 14 days after revoking any registration under subsection (3), inform the producer of a regulated product whose registration is revoked in writing of the grounds for the revocation. (6) A producer of a regulated product who is aggrieved by the Agency’s decision under subsection (3) to revoke the producer’s registration may, within 14 days after receiving the grounds for the revocation under subsection (5), appeal to the Minister.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s11
chapter: PART 3 - ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC WASTE
section: 11
title: Register of registered producers
content:
11. —(1) The Agency must maintain a register in which is entered such particulars of every registered producer of a regulated product as the Agency determines. (2) Where the registration of a producer of a regulated product has been cancelled or revoked (as the case may be), the Agency may — ( a ) remove the particulars of the producer from the register; or ( b ) indicate the fact of the cancellation or revocation of registration against the particulars of the producer in the register. (3) The Agency may, upon an application by any person accompanied by such fee as may be prescribed, provide to that person a certified copy of an entry in the register maintained under this section. Division 3 &#x2014; Obligations of producers


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s12
chapter: PART 3 - ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC WASTE
section: 12
title: Certain registered producers must join licensed scheme
content:
12. —(1) A registered producer of a regulated product must not supply any regulated consumer product in any compliance year if the registered producer — ( a ) has, on average for each year in the relevant period immediately preceding the compliance year, supplied more than the threshold prescribed for that regulated consumer product; and ( b ) is not a member of a licensed scheme for the regulated consumer product. (2) For the purposes of subsection (1), the Minister may prescribe — ( a ) any regulated product as a regulated consumer product; and ( b ) a threshold that applies to — (i) one class or type of regulated consumer product; or (ii) 2 or more classes or types of regulated consumer products collectively. (3) A registered producer of a regulated product who, without reasonable excuse, contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both. (4) In this section — “compliance year” means the period starting 1 July in any year and ending 30 June in the following year (both dates inclusive); “relevant period” means — ( a ) in relation to the compliance year from 1 July 2021 to 30 June 2022 (both dates inclusive) — the year 2020; ( b ) in relation to the compliance year from 1 July 2022 to 30 June 2023 (both dates inclusive) — the years 2020 and 2021; and ( c ) in relation to any compliance year after 30 June 2023 — 3 calendar years.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s13
chapter: PART 3 - ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC WASTE
section: 13
title: Collection and disposal of unwanted regulated non‑consumer products
content:
13. —(1) Where a person, on or after 1 July 2021, presents a regulated non‑consumer product to the producer of the regulated non‑consumer product (whether or not registered) for the purposes of disposal, or requests that producer to dispose of the regulated non‑consumer product, the producer — ( a ) must, within a reasonable time after being presented or receiving the request, collect the regulated non‑consumer product from any premises specified by the person; and ( b ) must not demand or require the person to pay any consideration for the collection and disposal of the regulated non‑consumer product (such as the cost of any labour or transport). (2) Where the producer of a regulated non‑consumer product contravenes subsection (1)( a ), the Agency may, by written notice served on the producer, direct the producer to collect the regulated non‑consumer product from any premises (whether or not specified by the person mentioned in subsection (1)) and within the time, specified in the written notice. (3) A producer of a regulated non‑consumer product who is aggrieved by any direction of the Agency under subsection (2) may, within 14 days after being notified of the direction, appeal to the Minister. (4) A producer of a regulated non‑consumer product who, without reasonable excuse — ( a ) contravenes subsection (1)( b ); or ( b ) refuses or fails to comply with the Agency’s direction under subsection (2), shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000. (5) It is a defence to a prosecution for an offence under subsection (4)( a ) or ( b ) if it is proved, on a balance of probabilities, that the accused reasonably believed that the accused is not the producer of the regulated non‑consumer product. (6) A producer of a regulated non‑consumer product commits an offence if the producer disposes of any regulated non‑consumer product collected under this section other than by presenting it to, or by depositing it at a place directed or designated by, any of the following persons: ( a ) a licensed waste collector; ( b ) a licensed e‑waste recycler. (7) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (6), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the accused knew that — ( a ) the thing disposed of is a regulated non‑consumer product collected under this section; ( b ) the person to whom the thing was presented is not a licensed waste collector or licensed e‑waste recycler; or ( c ) the place at which the thing was deposited was not directed or designated by a licensed waste collector or licensed e‑waste recycler. (8) A producer of a regulated non‑consumer product who is guilty of an offence under subsection (6) shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000. Division 4 &#x2014; Retailers of regulated consumer products


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s14
chapter: PART 3 - ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC WASTE
section: 14
title: Retailers must collect and dispose of unwanted products
content:
14. —(1) Where a retailer — ( a ) supplies a regulated consumer product (called in this section the supplied product) to a consumer; and ( b ) in the course of such supply, delivers, or causes the delivery of, the supplied product to any premises specified by the consumer, the consumer may require the retailer to collect from the premises, and dispose of, another regulated consumer product (called in this section the unwanted product) that is of the same class or type as the supplied product according to the classification in section 12(2)( a ). (2) If a person requires a retailer to collect and dispose of an unwanted product under subsection (1), the retailer — ( a ) must, at the time of the delivery or such other time as may be agreed between the person and the retailer, collect the unwanted product from the premises mentioned in subsection (1); and ( b ) must not demand or require the person to pay any consideration for the collection and disposal of the unwanted product (such as the cost of any labour or transport). (3) A retailer who, without reasonable excuse, contravenes subsection (2) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000. (4) A retailer commits an offence if the retailer disposes of any unwanted product collected under this section other than by presenting it to, or by depositing it at a place directed or designated by, a person operating a licensed scheme. (5) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (4), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the accused knew that — ( a ) the thing disposed of is an unwanted product collected under this section; ( b ) the person to whom the thing was presented is not a person operating a licensed scheme; or ( c ) the place at which the thing was deposited was not directed or designated by a person operating a licensed scheme. (6) A retailer who is guilty of an offence under subsection (4) shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s15
chapter: PART 3 - ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC WASTE
section: 15
title: Large retailers must offer in-store collection of certain e-waste
content:
15. —(1) This section applies only in relation to — ( a ) regulated consumer products that are prescribed as designated regulated consumer products for the purposes of this section; and ( b ) a retailer who owns or occupies any premises with a floor area of or more than 300 sqm (or such other area prescribed in substitution), from which any designated regulated consumer product is supplied. (2) Where — ( a ) a designated regulated consumer product is brought to a retailer’s premises for disposal; and ( b ) the designated regulated consumer product is of the same class or type of consumer product as that supplied at those premises according to the classification in section 12(2)( a ), the retailer must accept the designated regulated consumer product for disposal. (3) A retailer who, without reasonable excuse, contravenes subsection (2) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000. (4) A retailer commits an offence if the retailer disposes of any designated regulated consumer product collected under this section other than by presenting it to, or by depositing it at a place directed or designated by, a person operating a licensed scheme. (5) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (4), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the accused knew that — ( a ) the thing disposed of is a designated regulated consumer product collected under this section; ( b ) the person to whom the thing was presented is not a person operating a licensed scheme; or ( c ) the place at which the thing was deposited was not directed or designated by a person operating a licensed scheme. (6) A retailer who is guilty of an offence under subsection (4) shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000. Division 5 &#x2014; Miscellaneous


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s16
chapter: PART 3 - ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC WASTE
section: 16
title: Restriction of public collection of e‑waste
content:
16. —(1) Except where otherwise authorised by this Act and despite section 31 of the Environmental Public Health Act 1987, a person, other than an individual, must not, whether or not for reward, provide a receptacle in a public place, or a service to the public, for the collection of any regulated product for disposal unless the person is doing so — ( a ) in the course of operating a licensed scheme; or ( b ) in accordance with the written approval of the Agency. (2) The Agency may impose conditions (including conditions subsequent) in its written approval mentioned in subsection (1)( b ). (3) Subsection (1) does not apply in relation to — ( a ) the placement by a person of a receptacle in a public place for the collection of any regulated product for disposal where the person does so for or on behalf of a person referred to in subsection (1)( a ) or ( b ); or ( b ) the collection of any regulated product for disposal as waste by a licensed waste collector where the collection of the regulated product is — (i) incidental to the licensed waste collector’s collection of general waste; or (ii) carried out for or on behalf of a person mentioned in subsection (1)( a ) or ( b ). (4) A person who, without reasonable excuse, contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s17
chapter: PART 3 - ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC WASTE
section: 17
title: Proper disposal of regulated products
content:
17. —(1) Except where section 13, 14 or 15 applies, a person, other than an individual, commits an offence if the person disposes of a regulated product other than by presenting it to, or by depositing it at a place directed or designated by, an approved person. (2) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (1), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the accused knew that — ( a ) the thing disposed of is a regulated product; ( b ) the person to whom the thing was presented is not an approved person; or ( c ) the place at which the thing was deposited was not directed or designated by an approved person. (3) A person who is guilty of an offence under subsection (1) shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000. (4) In this section, “approved person” means any of the following persons: ( a ) a person operating a licensed scheme; ( b ) a licensed waste collector or licensed e‑waste recycler; ( c ) a person referred to in section 16(1)( b ).


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s18
chapter: PART 3 - ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC WASTE
section: 18
title: Keeping of records
content:
18. —(1) A registered producer of any regulated product must keep and maintain complete and accurate records of — ( a ) the weight and number of all regulated products the producer has supplied in Singapore; and ( b ) if the registered producer supplies regulated non‑consumer products, the weight and number of all regulated non‑consumer products the producer has collected under section 13 and how the regulated non‑consumer products are handled or disposed of (as waste or otherwise). (2) A registered producer mentioned in subsection (1) must — ( a ) retain the records mentioned in subsection (1) for the prescribed period or longer; ( b ) during the prescribed period, make available for inspection by any authorised officer, the records mentioned in subsection (1) when so requested by any authorised officer; and ( c ) give to the Agency the records mentioned in subsection (1), and such other record, document or information relevant to monitoring or evaluating compliance with this Act as the Agency may require, in the time specified by the Agency. (3) A registered producer who contravenes subsection (1) or (2) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction — ( a ) to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both; and ( b ) in the case of a continuing offence, to a further fine not exceeding $1,000 for every day or part of a day during which the offence continues after conviction. (4) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (3), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the defendant intended to commit the offence. (5) The offence under subsection (3) is a strict liability offence.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s19
chapter: PART 4 - REPORTING IN RELATION TO PACKAGING
section: 19
title: Interpretation of this Part
content:
19. —(1) In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires — “franchise” means a written agreement or arrangement between 2 or more persons by which — ( a ) a party (called in this definition the franchisor) to the agreement or arrangement authorises or permits another party (called in this definition the franchisee), or a person associated with the franchisee, to exercise the right to engage in the business of offering, selling or distributing goods or services in Singapore under a plan or system controlled by the franchisor or a person associated with the franchisor; ( b ) the business carried on by the franchisee or the person associated with the franchisee (as the case may be) is capable of being identified by the public as being substantially associated with a trade or service mark, logo, symbol or name identifying, commonly connected with or controlled by the franchisor or a person associated with the franchisor; and ( c ) the franchisor exerts, or has authority to exert, a significant degree of control over the method or manner of operation of the franchisee’s business; “franchisee” is the person described in the definition of “franchise” as the franchisee; “franchisor” is the person described in the definition of “franchise” as the franchisor; “goods” includes raw or processed products or goods; “packaging” means any material or combination of materials used for the containment, protection, handling, delivery or presentation of any goods, but does not include any material that remains in the possession of a producer of specified packaging to be re‑used for the containment, protection, handling, delivery or presentation of any goods; “prescribed threshold criteria”, in relation to a producer, means all or any of the following criteria, as may be prescribed: ( a ) the annual turnover of the producer; ( b ) the quantity of specified packaging imported or used by the producer; “regulated goods” means any goods other than goods prescribed as excluded from this definition; “specified packaging” means any packaging other than any type of packaging prescribed as excluded from this definition; “supply”, in relation to any regulated goods, includes — ( a ) the supply of the regulated goods by way of sale (including by barter or exchange), lease, loan, hire or hire‑purchase; ( b ) the supply of the regulated goods by retail or by wholesale; ( c ) the supply of the regulated goods in connection with any agreement; and ( d ) the offer to supply the regulated goods or exposure of the regulated goods for supply. (2) In this Part, “producer”, in relation to any specified packaging, means a person ( A ) who carries on a business of supplying regulated goods in Singapore and in furtherance of that business — ( a ) imports specified packaging by importing regulated goods that have been packed into or with, or wrapped with, specified packaging; or ( b ) uses specified packaging — (i) by packing the regulated goods into or with specified packaging or wrapping the regulated goods with specified packaging; (ii) by engaging another person to do anything mentioned in sub‑paragraph (i) for or on behalf of A or otherwise causing anything mentioned in sub‑paragraph (i); (iii) where A supplies the regulated goods to a retailer, by providing specified packaging to the retailer that A requires the retailer to use in connection with the retailer’s supply of the regulated goods; or (iv) where A is a retailer, by providing the specified packaging to a consumer who purchases regulated goods from A , to enable the consumer to put the regulated goods into the specified packaging, but does not include a person who does anything mentioned in paragraph ( b )(i) for or on behalf of a Singapore‑connected person, or the retailer mentioned in paragraph ( b )(iii).


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s20
chapter: PART 4 - REPORTING IN RELATION TO PACKAGING
section: 20
title: Reporting of specified packaging imported or used
content:
20. —(1) A producer of any specified packaging who fulfils the prescribed threshold criteria in any year (T) must, in year T + 2, submit to the Agency a report relating to the specified packaging that is imported or used in year T + 1. (2) Where a producer is the franchisor of a franchise — ( a ) the annual turnover of, or the quantity of specified packaging imported or used by, all franchisees of the franchise is to be included for the purposes of determining whether the franchisor fulfils the prescribed threshold criteria; and ( b ) any reference in this Part to specified packaging imported or used by the franchisor includes a reference to specified packaging imported or used by all the franchisees of the franchise. (3) Where (but for this subsection) a producer is required to submit a report under subsection (1), and — ( a ) the producer is a franchisee of a franchise; and ( b ) the franchisor of the franchise is a Singapore‑connected person, then subsection (1) does not apply to the franchisee. (4) A person who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable — ( a ) on the first conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000; and ( b ) on a second or subsequent conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both and, in the case of a continuing offence, to a further fine not exceeding $1,000 for every day or part of a day during which the offence continues after that second or subsequent conviction. (5) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (4), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the defendant intended to commit the offence. (6) The offence under subsection (4) is a strict liability offence.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s21
chapter: PART 4 - REPORTING IN RELATION TO PACKAGING
section: 21
title: Submission of 3R plan
content:
21. —(1) A producer required by section 20 to submit a report under that section must also submit to the Agency a plan to reduce, re‑use or recycle packaging in Singapore (whether or not the packaging is imported or used by the producer). (2) Without affecting section 52, a plan to reduce, re‑use or recycle packaging under subsection (1) must include information on the implementation of any part of the plan. (3) A producer who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable — ( a ) on the first conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000; and ( b ) on a second or subsequent conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both and, in the case of a continuing offence, to a further fine not exceeding $1,000 for every day or part of a day during which the offence continues after that second or subsequent conviction. (4) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (3), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the defendant intended to commit the offence. (5) The offence under subsection (3) is a strict liability offence.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s22
chapter: PART 4 - REPORTING IN RELATION TO PACKAGING
section: 22
title: Requirements for reports and plans
content:
22. —(1) A requirement to submit a report or a plan under this Part to the Agency is a requirement to do so in accordance with any requirements prescribed under section 52 for the report or plan, including its preparation and submission. (2) The Agency may, in respect of any incomplete or inaccurate report or plan submitted by a person, in writing direct the person to do the following within the time period specified in the direction (or such longer time as the Agency may allow in any particular case): ( a ) to rectify or re‑compute any matter in the report or plan as the Agency may require; ( b ) to resubmit the report or plan to the Agency, and the person must comply with the direction. (3) A person who fails to comply with a direction under subsection (2) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable — ( a ) on the first conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000; and ( b ) on a second or subsequent conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both and, in the case of a continuing offence, to a further fine not exceeding $1,000 for every day or part of a day during which the offence continues after that second or subsequent conviction. (4) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (3), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the defendant intended to commit the offence. (5) The offence under subsection (3) is a strict liability offence.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s23
chapter: PART 4 - REPORTING IN RELATION TO PACKAGING
section: 23
title: Keeping of records
content:
23. —(1) A producer of specified packaging who is required under this Part to submit any report or plan to the Agency must keep and maintain complete and accurate records containing such information, and in accordance with such other requirements, as may be prescribed under section 52, relating to — ( a ) those reports and plans, including the preparation and submission of the reports and plans; and ( b ) monitoring and evaluation undertaken by the person to ensure compliance with this Act. (2) The producer mentioned in subsection (1) must — ( a ) retain the records mentioned in subsection (1) for the prescribed period or longer; ( b ) during the prescribed period mentioned in paragraph ( a ), make available for inspection by any authorised officer, the records mentioned in subsection (1) when so requested by the authorised officer; and ( c ) submit to the Agency the records mentioned in subsection (1) in the time specified by the Agency. (3) A producer who contravenes subsection (1) or (2) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable — ( a ) on the first conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000; and ( b ) on a second or subsequent conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both and, in the case of a continuing offence, to a further fine not exceeding $1,000 for every day or part of a day during which the offence continues after that second or subsequent conviction. (4) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (3), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the defendant intended to commit the offence. (5) The offence under subsection (3) is a strict liability offence.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s23A
chapter: PART 4A - DISPOSABLE CARRIER BAG CHARGE
section: 23A
title: Interpretation of this Part
content:
23A. In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires — “annual turnover”, in relation to a regulated retailer, means the gross revenue received by the regulated retailer in respect of the regulated retailer’s trade or business in Singapore in a year, whether in relation to the supply of goods or otherwise, determined in the prescribed manner; “customer” means any person who purchases or intends to purchase any goods from a regulated retailer; “disposable carrier bag” means packaging (within the meaning of section 19(1)) in the form of a bag with handles (other than a reusable bag) that is provided by a retailer in relation to goods purchased from the retailer by a customer — ( a ) to pack the goods for the customer or enable the customer to put the goods into the bag; and ( b ) by which the goods may be carried or otherwise transported after the point of sale (whether or not the bag is in fact so used by the customer); “prescribed amount” means $0.05 or another amount prescribed in substitution; “prescribed annual turnover”, in relation to a class of regulated retailers, means the prescribed annual turnover for that class of regulated retailers; “registered retailer” means a regulated retailer who is registered under section 23C(3); “regulated retailer” means a retailer who belongs to a class of retailers prescribed as regulated retailers for the purposes of this Part; “reportable year”, in relation to a person, means any year at any time during which the person is a registered retailer; “retailer” means a person who carries on a trade or business of supplying goods by retail; “reusable bag” means any bag with handles that — ( a ) is made primarily of any fabric woven with natural, semi-synthetic or synthetic fibres that is washable; ( b ) is made primarily of plastic or other material made of semi-synthetic or synthetic polymers, of a prescribed minimum thickness or density; ( c ) has the ability to hold a prescribed minimum weight; or ( d ) is prescribed, according to the material, intended function, properties or dimensions of the bag, as a reusable bag. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 26/05/2023] Division 2 &#x2014; Registration of retailers


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s23B
chapter: PART 4A - DISPOSABLE CARRIER BAG CHARGE
section: 23B
title: Obligation to apply for registration
content:
23B. —(1) A regulated retailer ( X ) who has an annual turnover for any trigger year that exceeds the prescribed annual turnover for the class of regulated retailers to which X belongs must, unless X is already a registered retailer for that class of regulated retailers, apply to the Agency before the applicable date in section 23C(1)( a ) for that trigger year to be registered as a registered retailer for that class of regulated retailers. (2) A regulated retailer who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both. (3) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (2), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the defendant intended to commit the offence. (4) The offence under subsection (2) is a strict liability offence. (5) In this section and section 23C, a trigger year is — ( a ) 2021 or a subsequent year; or ( b ) in the case of a regulated retailer who has been deregistered pursuant to an application under section 23D — any year from (and including) the year in which the regulated retailer is deregistered. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 26/05/2023]


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s23C
chapter: PART 4A - DISPOSABLE CARRIER BAG CHARGE
section: 23C
title: Applications for registration
content:
23C. —(1) An application for registration under section 23B must — ( a ) be made before — (i) where the trigger year (T) is 2021 — the prescribed date; and (ii) where year T is 2022 or a subsequent year —30 June of year T + 1; ( b ) identify the regulated retailer in question; ( c ) contain any information prescribed for assessing applications made under this section, and any other information required by the Agency to assess the particular application; and ( d ) be in the form and manner required by the Agency. (2) The Agency may refuse to accept any application that is incomplete or not made in accordance with subsection (1). (3) Where the Agency grants an application for registration, the registration of the regulated retailer concerned begins on — ( a ) where year T is 2021 — the prescribed date; and ( b ) where year T is 2022 or a subsequent year — 1 January of year T + 2, and continues until deregistration pursuant to an application under section 23D. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 26/05/2023]


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s23D
chapter: PART 4A - DISPOSABLE CARRIER BAG CHARGE
section: 23D
title: Entitlement to apply to deregister as registered retailer
content:
23D. —(1) A registered retailer may apply to the Agency to be deregistered in respect of a class of regulated retailers for which the registered retailer is registered if — ( a ) the registered retailer ceases to be a regulated retailer of that class; or ( b ) the annual turnover of the registered retailer for each of 3 consecutive years does not exceed the prescribed annual turnover for that class. (2) A registered retailer must give the Agency written notice of the date of the cessation mentioned in subsection (1)( a ), at least 30 days before that date. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 26/05/2023]


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s23E
chapter: PART 4A - DISPOSABLE CARRIER BAG CHARGE
section: 23E
title: Applications for deregistration
content:
23E. —(1) An application for deregistration under section 23D must — ( a ) identify the registered retailer in question; ( b ) contain any information prescribed for assessing applications made under this section, and any other information required by the Agency to assess the particular application; and ( c ) be in the form and manner required by the Agency. (2) The Agency may refuse to accept any application that is incomplete or not made in accordance with subsection (1). [Act 14 of 2023 wef 26/05/2023] Division 3 &#x2014; Charge for disposable carrier bags


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s23F
chapter: PART 4A - DISPOSABLE CARRIER BAG CHARGE
section: 23F
title: Registered retailer must impose and collect charge for disposable carrier bags
content:
23F. —(1) Subject to subsection (2), a registered retailer must impose and collect a charge of an amount no less than the prescribed amount for each disposable carrier bag that the registered retailer provides to a customer who purchases any goods from the registered retailer. (2) Subsection (1) does not apply in relation to — ( a ) a prescribed class, type or description of disposable carrier bags; ( b ) a disposable carrier bag that is provided to a prescribed person or class of persons; ( c ) a disposable carrier bag that is provided in prescribed circumstances; or ( d ) a prescribed registered retailer. (3) A registered retailer who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both. (4) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (3), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the defendant intended to commit the offence. (5) The offence under subsection (3) is a strict liability offence. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 26/05/2023]


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s23G
chapter: PART 4A - DISPOSABLE CARRIER BAG CHARGE
section: 23G
title: Preventing circumvention of charge
content:
23G. —(1) A registered retailer must not provide any reimbursement for a charge mentioned in section 23F(1), whether in money or in kind. (2) A registered retailer who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both. (3) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (2), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the defendant intended to commit the offence. (4) The offence under subsection (2) is a strict liability offence. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 26/05/2023]


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s23H
chapter: PART 4A - DISPOSABLE CARRIER BAG CHARGE
section: 23H
title: Communication and recording of charge
content:
23H. —(1) A registered retailer must — ( a ) inform the registered retailer’s customers of the charge imposed for the provision of each disposable carrier bag, in the manner prescribed; and ( b ) where a receipt is given to a customer, set out the charge mentioned in paragraph ( a ) as a separate item in the receipt. (2) A registered retailer who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both. (3) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (2), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the defendant intended to commit the offence. (4) The offence under subsection (2) is a strict liability offence. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 26/05/2023] Division 4 &#x2014; Miscellaneous


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s23I
chapter: PART 4A - DISPOSABLE CARRIER BAG CHARGE
section: 23I
title: Submission of prescribed information
content:
23I. —(1) A person who is or was a registered retailer must submit to the Agency, in relation to any reportable year, a report containing the following information: ( a ) the number of disposable carrier bags provided to customers in the reportable year in respect of which the person is required under section 23F(1) to impose and collect a charge as a registered retailer; ( b ) any other prescribed information relevant to monitoring the person’s compliance with this Part. (2) A requirement to submit the report under subsection (1) is a requirement to do so in accordance with any requirements prescribed under section 52 for the report, including its preparation and submission. (3) The Agency may, in respect of any incomplete or inaccurate report submitted by a person, in writing direct the person to do the following within the time period specified in the direction (or any longer time that the Agency may allow in any particular case): ( a ) rectify or re‑compute any matter in the report as the Agency may require; ( b ) resubmit the report to the Agency, and the person must comply with the direction. (4) A person who contravenes subsection (1) or fails to comply with a direction under subsection (3) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable — ( a ) on the first conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000; and ( b ) on a second or subsequent conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both and, in the case of a continuing offence, to a further fine not exceeding $1,000 for every day or part of a day during which the offence continues after that second or subsequent conviction. (5) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (4), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the defendant intended to commit the offence. (6) The offence under subsection (4) is a strict liability offence. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 26/05/2023]


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s23J
chapter: PART 4A - DISPOSABLE CARRIER BAG CHARGE
section: 23J
title: Keeping of records
content:
23J. —(1) A person required to submit a report under section 23I(1) must keep and maintain complete and accurate records of the following: ( a ) the total amount of charge collected (including any amount collected in excess of the prescribed amount) by the person under section 23F for the provision of disposable carrier bags; ( b ) prescribed information relating to how and where the amount mentioned in paragraph ( a ) has been applied; ( c ) any information or document relevant to the report. (2) The person mentioned in subsection (1) must — ( a ) retain the records mentioned in subsection (1) for at least the prescribed period; ( b ) during the prescribed period mentioned in paragraph ( a ), make those records available for inspection by any authorised officer, when so requested by the authorised officer; and ( c ) submit to the Agency those records in the time specified by the Agency. (3) A person who contravenes subsection (1) or (2) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable — ( a ) on the first conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000; and ( b ) on a second or subsequent conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both and, in the case of a continuing offence, to a further fine not exceeding $1,000 for every day or part of a day during which the offence continues after that second or subsequent conviction. (4) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (3), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the defendant intended to commit the offence. (5) The offence under subsection (3) is a strict liability offence. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 26/05/2023]


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s23K
chapter: PART 4A - DISPOSABLE CARRIER BAG CHARGE
section: 23K
title: Publication of information
content:
23K. —(1) A person who is or was a registered retailer must — ( a ) in accordance with this section, publish the information mentioned in sections 23I(1)( a ) and 23J(1)( a ) and ( b ) in relation to each reportable year of the person; and ( b ) cause the information mentioned in paragraph ( a ) to be audited before publication. (2) The information mentioned in subsection (1) must be published — ( a ) by 31 December of the year following the reportable year; and ( b ) by at least one of the following means and for the period specified for such means: (i) made available for public access on a website operated by the person or a company in the same group as the person, for a continuous period of at least 12 months; (ii) printed and prominently displayed, for each of the person’s premises at which the charge mentioned in section 23F(1) must be imposed (if applicable), at a location at which the person posts or permits the posting of notices or that is at or near an entrance or exit of the premises, for a continuous period of at least 12 months; (iii) any other prescribed means and for the prescribed period. (3) A person who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both. (4) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (3), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the defendant intended to commit the offence. (5) The offence under subsection (3) is a strict liability offence. (6) In this section, “group” has the meaning given by the accounting standards made or formulated by the Accounting Standards Committee under Part 3 of the Accounting Standards Act 2007 and applicable to companies and foreign companies (within the meaning of the Companies Act 1967) in respect of their operations in Singapore for the purposes of the Companies Act 1967. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 26/05/2023]


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s23L
chapter: PART 4A - DISPOSABLE CARRIER BAG CHARGE
section: 23L
title: Direction to rectify incomplete or inaccurate information
content:
23L. —(1) The Agency may, in respect of any incomplete or inaccurate information published by a person under section 23K(1), in writing direct the person to do the following within the time period specified in the direction (or any longer time that the Agency may allow in any particular case): ( a ) rectify or re‑compute any information as the Agency may require; ( b ) republish the information in accordance with section 23K(2)( b ), and the person must comply with the direction. (2) A person who fails to comply with a direction under subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable — ( a ) on the first conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000; and ( b ) on a second or subsequent conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both and, in the case of a continuing offence, to a further fine not exceeding $1,000 for every day or part of a day during which the offence continues after that second or subsequent conviction. (3) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (2), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the defendant intended to commit the offence. (4) The offence under subsection (2) is a strict liability offence. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 26/05/2023]


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s23M
chapter: PART 4B - BEVERAGE CONTAINER RETURN SCHEME
section: 23M
title: Interpretation of this Part
content:
23M. —(1) In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires — “beverage container” means a container that is — ( a ) designed to contain a beverage and to be sealed (when filled with the beverage), before the beverage is sold or delivered for its use or consumption; ( b ) made of a prescribed material; and ( c ) of a prescribed volume or shape or prescribed dimensions; “beverage product” means a regulated beverage that is in a sealed beverage container; “deposit”, in relation to a beverage container, means the deposit for the beverage container, described in section 23Q; “deposit mark” means the deposit mark mentioned in section 23N; “manufacture”, in relation to a beverage product, means the act of filling a beverage container with a regulated beverage and sealing the container; “offer to supply”, in relation to a beverage product, includes exposing or displaying the beverage product as an invitation to treat; “regulated beverage” means any liquid beverage intended for human consumption by drinking, whether or not — ( a ) dilution of the liquid is recommended before consumption; or ( b ) containing solids, but does not include a liquid of a kind that is prescribed to be excluded; “return point” means a facility or place at which a person may present an empty beverage container affixed with a deposit mark and barcode and receive the deposit for the empty beverage container accepted at the facility or place; “return point operator” means — ( a ) a scheme licensee who operates a return point; ( b ) a person required under section 23S(1) to operate a return point; or ( c ) a person who has entered into an arrangement with a scheme licensee to operate a return point; “scheme licensee” means a licensee of a producer responsibility scheme for beverage containers; “supply”, in relation to a beverage product, means the giving of the beverage product to another person for any purpose, whether or not for consideration in money or in kind, but does not include any such giving by an individual in the individual’s private or personal capacity. (2) Subject to subsection (3), a person is the producer of a beverage product if — ( a ) the person imports the beverage product into Singapore; or ( b ) the person manufactures the beverage product in Singapore or is engaged by another person to manufacture the beverage product for that other person. (3) A person ( A ) is not a producer of a beverage product if — ( a ) A is an individual; and ( b ) A imports or manufactures the beverage product other than in the course of business. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 12/07/2024]


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s23N
chapter: PART 4B - BEVERAGE CONTAINER RETURN SCHEME
section: 23N
title: Prescribed deposit mark
content:
23N. The Minister may prescribe any logo, marking or text, or any combination thereof, as a deposit mark for the purpose of being affixed on a beverage container so as to identify the beverage container as one for which a deposit will be refunded upon acceptance of the beverage container at a return point. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 12/07/2024] Division 2 &#x2014; Supply of beverage products


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s23O
chapter: PART 4B - BEVERAGE CONTAINER RETURN SCHEME
section: 23O
title: Producers must join licensed scheme
content:
23O. —(1) A producer of a beverage product must not supply, or offer to supply, in Singapore any beverage product affixed with a deposit mark unless the producer is a member of a licensed scheme for beverage containers. (2) A producer who, without reasonable excuse, contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 12/07/2024]


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s23P
chapter: PART 4B - BEVERAGE CONTAINER RETURN SCHEME
section: 23P
title: Beverage containers must display deposit mark and barcode
content:
23P. —(1) Subject to subsection (2), any person (including a producer of a beverage product) must not, on or after the prescribed date, supply or offer to supply in Singapore any beverage product, unless the beverage container for the beverage product is affixed with — ( a ) a deposit mark; and ( b ) a barcode by which the beverage product may be identified. (2) Subsection (1) does not apply in relation to — ( a ) any beverage product that is supplied to a prescribed person or class of persons; ( b ) any beverage product that is supplied in prescribed circumstances; or ( c ) any prescribed producer. (3) A person who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both. (4) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (3), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the defendant intended to commit the offence. (5) The offence under subsection (3) is a strict liability offence. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 12/07/2024]


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s23Q
chapter: PART 4B - BEVERAGE CONTAINER RETURN SCHEME
section: 23Q
title: Deposit for beverage product
content:
23Q. —(1) For the purpose of ensuring or otherwise encouraging the return of beverage containers for recycling, there is to be a deposit in respect of every beverage product affixed with a deposit mark, to be provided for in accordance with this section and section 23R, and which is refundable upon the acceptance of the beverage container of the beverage product under section 23U. (2) The Minister may prescribe the amount of the deposit for the purposes of this Part. (3) Subject to subsection (4), for the purpose of providing for the deposit, where a person ( X ) (including a producer) supplies any beverage product affixed with a deposit mark to another person ( Y ), X must collect from Y , and Y must give to X , the amount of the deposit for the beverage product. (4) X may refuse to supply the beverage product to Y if Y refuses to give to X the amount of the deposit for the beverage product, but X may waive Y ’s giving of the amount of the deposit to X . (5) Despite subsection (4), X must not waive Y ’s giving of the amount of the deposit to X if X receives any consideration in money for the supply of the beverage product. (6) Where X waives Y ’s giving of the amount of the deposit to X , and Y receives the amount of the deposit from the person to whom Y supplies the beverage product, Y must, despite the waiver, give the amount of the deposit to X within the prescribed period after Y supplies the beverage product. (7) A person who contravenes subsection (5) or (6) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable — ( a ) on the first conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000; and ( b ) on a second or subsequent conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both. (8) To avoid doubt, no amount given to or collected by a person for the purpose of providing for the deposit in respect of any beverage product (whether under this section or section 23R) is to be construed as forming any part of the price for the beverage product or for or for the use of the beverage container thereof. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 12/07/2024]


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s23R
chapter: PART 4B - BEVERAGE CONTAINER RETURN SCHEME
section: 23R
title: Producers must provide deposit to scheme licensee
content:
23R. —(1) A producer of a beverage product who supplies in Singapore to any person any beverage product affixed with a deposit mark, must provide the amount of the deposit in respect of the beverage product to the scheme licensee of the licensed scheme for beverage containers that the producer is a member of, within the time requested by the scheme licensee (subject to any regulations made under section 52 prescribing any other time for the provision). (2) Where a producer contravenes subsection (1), the Agency may, by written notice served on the producer, direct the producer to stop supplying any beverage product until the producer provides the scheme licensee with the amount of unpaid deposits specified in the written notice. (3) A producer who is aggrieved by any direction of the Agency under subsection (2) may, within 14 days after being notified of the direction, appeal to the Minister. (4) A producer who, without reasonable excuse — ( a ) contravenes subsection (1); or ( b ) refuses or fails to comply with the Agency’s direction under subsection (2), shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 12/07/2024] Division 3 &#x2014; Return point operators


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s23S
chapter: PART 4B - BEVERAGE CONTAINER RETURN SCHEME
section: 23S
title: Provision of return points
content:
23S. —(1) A person prescribed for the purpose of this section must operate a return point in accordance with any requirement prescribed under section 52, unless the person is prohibited from operating a return point under section 23T. (2) A person who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both. (3) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (2), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the defendant intended to commit the offence. (4) The offence under subsection (2) is a strict liability offence. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 12/07/2024]


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s23T
chapter: PART 4B - BEVERAGE CONTAINER RETURN SCHEME
section: 23T
title: Prohibition against operating return points
content:
23T. —(1) The Agency may, by written order, prohibit any person from operating a return point — ( a ) where the person has been convicted, whether in Singapore or elsewhere, of an offence involving fraud or dishonesty or the conviction for which involved a finding that the person acted fraudulently or dishonestly; or ( b ) where the Agency is satisfied that the person has — (i) contravened any provision of this Part; or (ii) knowingly claimed the deposit for any beverage container in a case where no such deposit was provided to the scheme licensee concerned. (2) Before issuing an order under subsection (1), the Agency must — ( a ) give the person written notice of its intention to do so; and ( b ) in the notice mentioned in paragraph ( a ), call upon the person to show cause within the time specified in the notice why the person should not be prohibited from operating a return point. (3) If the person to whom notice has been given under subsection (2) — ( a ) fails to show cause within the time given to the person to do so or within any extended time that the Agency may allow; or ( b ) fails to show sufficient cause, the Agency must give written notice to the person of the date on which the prohibition is to take effect and, before that date, inform the scheme licensee of the issuance of an order under subsection (1). (4) A person who is aggrieved by a decision of the Agency under subsection (1) may, within 30 days after the decision of the Agency, appeal to the Minister. (5) Where the Agency has informed a scheme licensee of the issuance of an order under subsection (1), the scheme licensee must not provide any deposit or pay any fees to, or otherwise deal with, the person who has been issued the order. (6) A person who fails to comply with an order of the Agency made under subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both. (7) A person who contravenes subsection (5) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both. (8) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (6) or (7), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the defendant intended to commit the offence. (9) The offences under subsections (6) and (7) are strict liability offences. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 12/07/2024] Division 4 &#x2014; Refunds of deposits


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s23U
chapter: PART 4B - BEVERAGE CONTAINER RETURN SCHEME
section: 23U
title: Refunds of deposits by return point operators
content:
23U. —(1) Subject to subsection (2), if a person presents an empty beverage container affixed with a deposit mark and barcode required under section 23P at a return point, the return point operator operating the return point must accept the beverage container and refund the deposit for the beverage container to the person. (2) Subsection (1) does not apply — ( a ) if the deposit mark or barcode is so damaged that it cannot be read or scanned; ( b ) where there are operating hours specified at the return point for the return point — if the person presents the beverage container at the return point at any time other than during the operating hours; ( c ) if the return point operator reasonably believes that — (i) a deposit was not provided in respect of the beverage container to the scheme licensee concerned under section 23R(1); or (ii) the deposit for the beverage container was previously refunded at any return point; or ( d ) in any other prescribed circumstances. (3) A return point operator who, without reasonable excuse, contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 12/07/2024] Division 5 &#x2014; Miscellaneous


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s23V
chapter: PART 4B - BEVERAGE CONTAINER RETURN SCHEME
section: 23V
title: Keeping of records
content:
23V. —(1) A producer of a beverage product must keep and maintain complete and accurate records of — ( a ) the name, type, number of units, volume and form of each beverage product supplied by the producer; ( b ) the materials and weight of the beverage container used for each beverage product supplied by the producer; and ( c ) any other prescribed information. (2) The producer mentioned in subsection (1) must — ( a ) retain the records mentioned in subsection (1) for at least the prescribed period; and ( b ) comply with a request made by an authorised officer during the prescribed period mentioned in paragraph ( a ) — (i) to make available for inspection by any authorised officer, the records mentioned in subsection (1); or (ii) to submit to the Agency the records mentioned in subsection (1) in the time specified in the request. (3) A person who contravenes subsection (1) or (2) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable — ( a ) on the first conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000; and ( b ) on a second or subsequent conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both and, in the case of a continuing offence, to a further fine not exceeding $1,000 for every day or part of a day during which the offence continues after that second or subsequent conviction. (4) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (3), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the defendant intended to commit the offence. (5) The offence under subsection (3) is a strict liability offence. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 12/07/2024]


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s23W
chapter: PART 4B - BEVERAGE CONTAINER RETURN SCHEME
section: 23W
title: Producers must submit information to scheme licensee
content:
23W. —(1) A producer of a beverage product who is required under section 23O to be a member of a licensed scheme for beverage containers must provide the information mentioned in section 23V(1)( a ), ( b ) or ( c ) to the scheme licensee of the licensed scheme that the producer is a member of, within the time requested by the scheme licensee (subject to any regulations made under section 52 prescribing any other time for the provision). (2) A producer who, without reasonable excuse, contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable — ( a ) on the first conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000; and ( b ) on a second or subsequent conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both and, in the case of a continuing offence, to a further fine not exceeding $1,000 for every day or part of a day during which the offence continues after that second or subsequent conviction. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 12/07/2024]


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s23X
chapter: PART 4B - BEVERAGE CONTAINER RETURN SCHEME
section: 23X
title: Unauthorised use of deposit mark
content:
23X. —(1) Unless authorised in writing by a scheme licensee, a person must not affix a deposit mark on any container that is not a beverage container. (2) A person who, without reasonable excuse, contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 12/07/2024]


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s24
chapter: PART 5 - FOOD WASTE
section: 24
title: Interpretation of this Part
content:
24. —(1) In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires — “building manager”, in relation to a prescribed building, means — ( a ) where the prescribed building is occupied by only one person — the owner or occupier of the building; or ( b ) where the prescribed building is occupied by more than one person — (i) where the prescribed building is a subdivided building — the management corporation of the building; or (ii) where the prescribed building is not a subdivided building — the owner of the building or an agent of the owner who is responsible for maintaining the building; “licensed waste disposal facility” means a disposal facility in respect of which there is a waste disposal licence under section 23(2) of the Environmental Public Health Act 1987 for the treatment of food waste; “management corporation” has the meaning given by section 3(1) of the Land Titles (Strata) Act 1967; “prescribed building” means any building prescribed for the purposes of this Part; “public disposal facility” means a disposal facility mentioned in section 22(1)( a ) of the Environmental Public Health Act 1987 that is for the treatment of food waste; “relevant written permission”, in relation to a prescribed building, means a written permission that is granted under the Planning Act 1998 pursuant to an application made on or after the date prescribed for that prescribed building; “subdivided building” has the meaning given by section 3(1) of the Land Titles (Strata) Act 1967. (2) In this Part, food waste has been treated if — ( a ) it has undergone a prescribed food waste treatment process; or ( b ) it has been treated using a prescribed food waste treatment system. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 08/03/2024]


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s25
chapter: PART 5 - FOOD WASTE
section: 25
title: Prescribed buildings
content:
25. —(1) The Minister may prescribe any building to be a prescribed building for the purposes of this Part. (2) A prescription under subsection (1) may be specific or by way of any class, type or description of buildings. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 08/03/2024] Division 2 &#x2014; Food waste segregation


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s26
chapter: PART 5 - FOOD WASTE
section: 26
title: Occupiers of prescribed buildings to segregate food waste
content:
26. —(1) An occupier of a prescribed building, or a part of a prescribed building, must, as from and including the date prescribed for the building, in relation to any food waste generated by the occupier in the prescribed building or within the premises on which the prescribed building is situated — ( a ) segregate, in the prescribed building or within those premises, the food waste from any other type of waste; and ( b ) subject to section 27, dispose of the segregated food waste only at a facility mentioned in section 27A(1). (2) An occupier of a prescribed building, or a part of a prescribed building, must not dispose of any type of waste other than food waste at a facility mentioned in section 27A(1). (3) A person who, without reasonable excuse, contravenes subsection (1) or (2) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 08/03/2024]


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s27
chapter: PART 5 - FOOD WASTE
section: 27
title: Approved alternative food waste disposal or treatment arrangements
content:
27. —(1) Despite section 26(1)( b ), the occupier of a prescribed building or any part of a prescribed building may, with the written approval of the Agency — ( a ) treat the segregated food waste in the prescribed building or within the premises on which the prescribed building is situated; or ( b ) engage a licensed waste collector to send the segregated food waste for treatment at — (i) a licensed waste disposal facility; or (ii) a public disposal facility. (2) An occupier who has obtained a written approval under subsection (1) must, for the period that the written approval is valid, treat the food waste or send the food waste for treatment in the manner approved. (3) The Agency may revoke an approval mentioned in subsection (1) granted to an occupier, after giving the occupier prior written notice within any period that may be prescribed, of the Agency’s intention to do so. (4) Where the Agency grants or revokes any written approval under subsection (1) or (3), the Agency must notify the building manager of the prescribed building concerned of the grant or revocation. (5) An occupier who, without reasonable excuse, contravenes subsection (2) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction — ( a ) to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both; and ( b ) in the case of a continuing offence, to a further fine not exceeding $1,000 for every day or part of a day during which the offence continues after conviction. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 08/03/2024]


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s27A
chapter: PART 5 - FOOD WASTE
section: 27A
title: Provision of segregated waste disposal facilities
content:
27A. —(1) The building manager of a prescribed building must provide, in the prescribed building or within the premises on which the prescribed building is situated, one or more facilities to enable occupiers of the prescribed building or any part of the prescribed building to segregate and dispose of food waste separately from any other type of waste. (2) A building manager who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction — ( a ) to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both; and ( b ) in the case of a continuing offence, to a further fine not exceeding $1,000 for every day or part of a day during which the offence continues after conviction. (3) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (2), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the defendant intended to commit the offence. (4) The offence under subsection (2) is a strict liability offence. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 08/03/2024]


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s27B
chapter: PART 5 - FOOD WASTE
section: 27B
title: Treatment of food waste
content:
27B. —(1) The building manager of a prescribed building must, in relation to any food waste disposed of at a facility mentioned in section 27A(1) — ( a ) where the prescribed building is erected pursuant to a relevant written permission — treat the food waste, or cause the food waste to be treated, in the prescribed building or within the premises on which the prescribed building is situated, unless the building manager obtains prior written permission from the Agency for the food waste to be treated at a licensed waste disposal facility or public disposal facility; and ( b ) where the prescribed building is not erected pursuant to a relevant written permission — treat the food waste, or cause the food waste to be treated, in the prescribed building or within the premises on which the prescribed building is situated, or at a licensed waste disposal facility or public disposal facility. (2) In determining whether a building manager should be granted permission under subsection (1)( a ) to treat food waste at a licensed waste disposal facility or public disposal facility, the Agency is to have regard, and give such weight as the Agency considers appropriate, to such matters as may be prescribed for this subsection. (3) A building manager who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both. (4) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (3), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the defendant intended to commit the offence. (5) The offence under subsection (3) is a strict liability offence. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 08/03/2024] Division 3 &#x2014; Food waste reporting


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s27C
chapter: PART 5 - FOOD WASTE
section: 27C
title: Reporting of food waste treated
content:
27C. —(1) A person must submit to the Agency, in relation to each year or part of a year for which the person is or was a building manager of a prescribed building (each such year or part of a year called in this section a reportable period of the building manager), a report containing the following information: ( a ) the amount of food waste treated pursuant to sections 27(1)( a ) or ( b ) and 27B(1)( a ) or ( b ) in that reportable period of the building manager; ( b ) of the amount of the food waste so treated in that period — (i) the amount that is treated in the prescribed building or within the premises on which the prescribed building is situated; and (ii) the amount that is treated at a licensed waste disposal facility or public disposal facility; ( c ) any other prescribed information relating to the food waste so treated in that period. (2) A person given an approval under section 27(1) by the Agency must, in respect of the time during which the person is an occupier of the prescribed building or any part of the prescribed building, submit to the building manager a report containing the following information in relation to the food waste treated or caused to be treated by the person as such occupier under the approval: ( a ) the amount of food waste so treated; ( b ) of the amount of the food waste so treated in that period — (i) the amount that is treated in the prescribed building or within the premises on which the prescribed building is situated; and (ii) the amount that is treated at a licensed waste disposal facility or public disposal facility; ( c ) any other prescribed information relating to the food waste so treated in that period. (3) A person who, without reasonable excuse, contravenes subsection (1) or (2) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction — ( a ) to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both; and ( b ) in the case of a continuing offence, to a further fine not exceeding $1,000 for every day or part of a day during which the offence continues after conviction. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 08/03/2024]


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s27D
chapter: PART 5 - FOOD WASTE
section: 27D
title: Requirements for reports
content:
27D. —(1) A requirement to submit a report under this Part to the Agency or a building manager is a requirement to do so in accordance with any requirements prescribed under section 52 for the report, including its preparation and submission. (2) The Agency may, in respect of any incomplete or inaccurate report submitted by a person, in writing direct the person to do the following within the time period specified in the direction (or any longer time that the Agency may allow in any particular case): ( a ) rectify or re-compute any matter in the report as the Agency may require; ( b ) resubmit the report to the Agency, and the person must comply with the direction. (3) A person who fails to comply with a direction under subsection (2) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable — ( a ) on the first conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000; and ( b ) on a second or subsequent conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both and, in the case of a continuing offence, to a further fine not exceeding $1,000 for every day or part of a day during which the offence continues after that second or subsequent conviction. (4) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (3), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the defendant intended to commit the offence. (5) The offence under subsection (3) is a strict liability offence. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 08/03/2024]


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s27E
chapter: PART 5 - FOOD WASTE
section: 27E
title: Keeping of records
content:
27E. —(1) A person who is required under this Part to submit any report to the Agency or a building manager, must keep and maintain complete and accurate records containing such information and documents, and in accordance with such other requirements, as may be prescribed under section 52, relating to — ( a ) that report, including the preparation and submission of the report; and ( b ) monitoring and evaluation undertaken by the person to ensure compliance with this Act. (2) The person mentioned in subsection (1) must — ( a ) retain the records mentioned in subsection (1) for at least the prescribed period; ( b ) during the prescribed period mentioned in paragraph ( a ), make those records available for inspection by any authorised officer, when so requested by the authorised officer; and ( c ) submit to the Agency those records in the time specified by the Agency. (3) A person who contravenes subsection (1) or (2) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable — ( a ) on the first conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000; and ( b ) on a second or subsequent conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both and, in the case of a continuing offence, to a further fine not exceeding $1,000 for every day or part of a day during which the offence continues after that second or subsequent conviction. (4) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (3), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the defendant intended to commit the offence. (5) The offence under subsection (3) is a strict liability offence. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 08/03/2024]


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s28
chapter: PART 6 - PRODUCER RESPONSIBILITY SCHEMES
section: 28
title: Licence required to operate producer responsibility scheme
content:
28. —(1) A person must not operate, or advertise or otherwise hold out that the person is operating, a producer responsibility scheme unless the person is authorised to do so by a licence under this Part. (2) A person who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both. (3) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (2), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the defendant intended to commit the offence. (4) The offence under subsection (2) is a strict liability offence.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s29
chapter: PART 6 - PRODUCER RESPONSIBILITY SCHEMES
section: 29
title: Producer responsibility scheme licence
content:
29. —(1) An application for a licence to operate a producer responsibility scheme must be made to the Agency in the form and manner the Agency requires. (2) After considering an application for the grant of a licence, the Agency may — ( a ) grant the licence for such duration as the Agency may specify in the licence; or ( b ) refuse the application. (3) The Minister may from time to time, by notification in the Gazette , prescribe a limit on the number of licences to be granted by the Agency under subsection (2) for a type of specified waste. (4) A person who is to be granted a licence may be selected by the Agency from among those who submit tenders in response to an invitation to tender for the right to operate a producer responsibility scheme under that licence. (5) Any invitation to tender under this section must specify that an applicant who tenders for a licence must state the amount (by reference to quantity or method or otherwise) that the applicant will charge members of the producer responsibility scheme if the applicant is granted a licence.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s29A
chapter: PART 6 - PRODUCER RESPONSIBILITY SCHEMES
section: 29A
title: Requirements relating to key appointment holders
content:
29A. —(1) The Minister may, by regulations made under section 52 — ( a ) subject to subsection (2), prescribe requirements relating to persons appointed as a licensee’s key appointment holders; and ( b ) require a licensee to obtain the Agency’s approval for the appointment of a key appointment holder in relation to whom any requirement mentioned in paragraph ( a ) is imposed. (2) The requirements mentioned in subsection (1)( a ) must not be imposed in relation to more than one-third of the number of persons (rounded up to the next whole number) appointed as the licensee’s key appointment holders. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 12/07/2024]


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s30
chapter: PART 6 - PRODUCER RESPONSIBILITY SCHEMES
section: 30
title: Licence conditions
content:
30. —(1) A licence is subject to such conditions as the Agency may specify. (2) The conditions may include the following: ( a ) requirements relating to the fees payable by members of the producer responsibility scheme; ( b ) requirements relating to the waste collection operations of the licensee, to ensure comprehensive and regular collection, removal and transport of waste; ( c ) minimum specified waste collection amounts; ( d ) requirements to conduct programmes or events to educate the public on waste management and resource sustainability. (3) The Agency may, at any time, modify the conditions of a licence in accordance with this section. (4) Before modifying any conditions of a licence, the Agency must give notice to the licensee concerned — ( a ) stating that the Agency proposes to make the modification in the manner as specified in the notice; and ( b ) specifying the time within which the licensee may make written representations to the Agency with respect to the proposed modification. (5) The time specified by the Agency in the notice given under subsection (4) must not be less than 14 days after the date of the notice. (6) A licensee who is aggrieved by the Agency’s decision to modify a licence condition may, within 14 days after receiving notice of the Agency’s decision, appeal to the Minister. (7) In this section, “modification” and “modify”, in relation to the conditions of a licence, include deleting or varying and substituting a condition, and adding a condition.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s31
chapter: PART 6 - PRODUCER RESPONSIBILITY SCHEMES
section: 31
title: Revocation of licence
content:
31. —(1) The Agency may, at any time, revoke a licence if the licensee — ( a ) provides or causes to be provided to the Agency any information (including information in connection with the application for a licence) that is false or misleading in any material particular; ( b ) contravenes any provision of this Part; ( c ) contravenes any condition of the licence; or ( d ) ceases to be, in the opinion of the Agency, a fit and proper person to hold a licence. (2) The Agency must, before revoking a licence under subsection (1), give the licensee a written notice of its intention to do so and an opportunity to submit reasons, within such period as the Agency may specify in that notice, as to why the licence should not be revoked. (3) A licensee who is aggrieved by the Agency’s decision to revoke the licence may, within 14 days after receiving notice of the Agency’s decision, appeal to the Minister. (4) Any decision of the Agency to revoke a licence does not take effect until — ( a ) the expiry of the period allowed under subsection (3) for the licensee to appeal to the Minister against the decision; or ( b ) the determination or rejection of the appeal by the Minister or his or her designate under section 45, whichever is the later. (5) The Agency may cancel a licence at the request of the licensee.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s32
chapter: PART 6 - PRODUCER RESPONSIBILITY SCHEMES
section: 32
title: Financial penalty
content:
32. —(1) This section applies where a licensee — ( a ) contravenes a provision of this Part, which contravention is not an offence under this Act; or ( b ) fails to comply with any condition imposed by the Agency on the licence. (2) On the occurrence of a contravention or failure to comply mentioned in subsection (1) (except one mentioned in subsection (2A)), the Agency may, in addition to or instead of taking any action under section 31(1), order the licensee to pay a financial penalty of an amount not exceeding $10,000 for each contravention or failure to comply, but not exceeding in the aggregate $50,000, by the date specified in the order. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 12/07/2024] (2A) Where a licensee of a licensed scheme for beverage containers mentioned in section 23O fails to comply with a licence condition relating to minimum specified waste collection amounts, the Agency may, in addition to or instead of taking any action under section 31(1), order the licensee to pay a financial penalty of an amount not exceeding $500,000, by the date specified in the order. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 12/07/2024] (3) The Agency must, before making an order under subsection (2) or (2A), give the licensee a written notice of its intention to do so and an opportunity to submit reasons, within such period as the Agency may specify in that notice, as to why the order should not be made. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 12/07/2024] (4) A licensee who is aggrieved by the Agency’s decision to make an order under subsection (2) or (2A) may, within 14 days after receiving notice of the Agency’s decision, appeal to the Minister. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 12/07/2024] (5) Where an appeal is made to the Minister within the period mentioned in subsection (4), the order mentioned in subsection (2) or (2A) does not take effect unless — ( a ) the appeal is for any reason dismissed by the Minister; or ( b ) the appellant withdraws the appeal. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 12/07/2024] (6) The Agency must, in determining the amount of a financial penalty imposed under subsection (2) or (2A), have regard, and give such weight as the Agency considers appropriate, to all of the following matters: ( a ) the nature, gravity and duration of the non-compliance by the licensee; ( b ) whether the licensee, as a result of the non-compliance, gained any financial benefit or avoided any financial loss; ( c ) whether the licensee took any action to mitigate the effects and consequences of the non-compliance, and the timeliness and effectiveness of that action; ( d ) whether the licensee had, despite the non-compliance, implemented adequate and appropriate measures for compliance with the requirements under this Part; ( e ) whether the licensee had previously failed to comply with the provisions of this Part or any condition of the licence; ( f ) whether the financial penalty to be imposed is proportionate and effective, having regard to achieving compliance and deterring non-compliance with the provisions of this Part or any condition of the licence; ( g ) the likely impact of the imposition of the financial penalty on the licensee, including the ability of the licensee to continue with its usual activities; ( h ) any other matter that may be relevant. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 12/07/2024] (7) In this section, a reference to “this Part” includes a reference to any regulations made under section 52 that apply to a person issued a licence to operate a producer responsibility scheme granted under section 29(2). [Act 14 of 2023 wef 12/07/2024]


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s33
chapter: PART 6 - PRODUCER RESPONSIBILITY SCHEMES
section: 33
title: Recovery of financial penalties
content:
33. —(1) Any person who fails to pay a financial penalty by the date the person is required to do so under this Act is liable to pay, after that date, interest on the amount unpaid at the same rate as for a judgment debt. (2) Any financial penalty and any interest on the financial penalty payable by any person under this Act must be paid to the Agency and is recoverable by the Agency as a debt due to the Agency from that person; and the person’s liability to pay is not affected by the person’s licence ceasing, for any reason, to be in force. (3) The Agency may, in any case it thinks fit, waive, remit or refund, wholly or in part, any financial penalty or any interest on the financial penalty payable under this Act. (4) All financial penalties and interest on the financial penalties collected by the Agency under this Act must be paid into the Consolidated Fund.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s34
chapter: PART 6 - PRODUCER RESPONSIBILITY SCHEMES
section: 34
title: Keeping of records
content:
34. —(1) A licensee must keep and maintain complete and accurate records of the following, in accordance with such requirements as may be prescribed under section 52: ( a ) details of the licensee’s collection activities; ( b ) the quantity of specified waste the licensee has sent for treatment or recycling; ( c ) the fees charged to members of the producer responsibility scheme that the licensee operates. (2) A licensee must — ( a ) retain the records mentioned in subsection (1) for the prescribed period or longer; ( b ) during the prescribed period mentioned in paragraph ( a ), make available for inspection by any authorised officer, the records mentioned in that subsection when so requested by any authorised officer; and ( c ) submit to the Agency the records mentioned in subsection (1), and such other record, document or information relevant to monitoring or evaluating compliance with this Act as the Agency may require, in the time or at such frequency, specified by the Agency. (3) A licensee who contravenes subsection (1) or (2) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction — ( a ) to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both; and ( b ) in the case of a continuing offence, to a further fine not exceeding $1,000 for every day or part of a day during which the offence continues after conviction. (4) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (3), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the defendant intended to commit the offence. (5) The offence under subsection (3) is a strict liability offence.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s35
chapter: PART 6 - PRODUCER RESPONSIBILITY SCHEMES
section: 35
title: Submission of annual report
content:
35. A licensee must submit an audited annual report on such matters as may be prescribed relating to the operation of the producer responsibility scheme in respect of which the licensee is licensed.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s36
chapter: PART 6 - PRODUCER RESPONSIBILITY SCHEMES
section: 36
title: Disclosure of information
content:
36. —(1) A licensee or former licensee — ( a ) must not disclose any information received from the Agency under section 43(4)( c ); and ( b ) must make reasonable security arrangements to prevent unauthorised access, collection, use, disclosure, copying, modification or disposal, of any information received from the Agency under section 43(4)( c ). (2) A person who contravenes subsection (1)( a ) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both. (3) In a prosecution for an offence under subsection (2), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the defendant intended to commit the offence. (4) The offence under subsection (2) is a strict liability offence.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s37
chapter: PART 7 - ENFORCEMENT
section: 37
title: Entering non-residential premises, etc., to monitor compliance
content:
37. For the purposes of administering or enforcing this Act or determining whether this Act has been complied with, an authorised officer may, upon declaring his or her office and producing to an occupier of any premises (other than any residential premises) such identification card as the Agency may direct to be carried by authorised officers, do all or any of the following: ( a ) enter the premises — (i) during normal business hours without notice; or (ii) at any other time after giving not less than 6 hours’ previous notice to the occupier of the premises (unless the occupier has consented to a shorter period of notice); ( b ) exercise any of the powers set out in sections 38, 39 and 40.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s38
chapter: PART 7 - ENFORCEMENT
section: 38
title: Powers of authorised officers in monitoring compliance
content:
38. —(1) An authorised officer may exercise all or any of the following powers in relation to premises under section 37: ( a ) search the premises for any thing that may relate to compliance with this Act; ( b ) examine any activity conducted on the premises that may relate to information provided for the purposes of this Act; ( c ) examine any thing on the premises that may relate to information provided for the purposes of this Act; ( d ) take photographs or make video or audio recordings or sketches on the premises of any such activity or thing; ( e ) affix or bring onto the premises, with such assistants and workmen as may be necessary, any meter or instrument and take readings from the meter or instrument, or take readings from any meter or instrument on the premises; ( f ) inspect any document on the premises that may relate to information provided for the purposes of this Act; ( g ) take extracts from, or make copies of, any such document; ( h ) take onto the premises such equipment and materials as the authorised officer requires for the purpose of exercising powers in relation to the premises; ( i ) seize any thing found during the exercise of monitoring powers on the premises which the authorised officer believes on reasonable grounds affords evidence of a contravention of this Act. (2) An authorised officer may, in addition to the powers in subsection (1) — ( a ) compel any person who is able to operate any equipment at the premises to do so for the purpose of enabling the authorised officer to ascertain whether the equipment, or a disk, tape or other storage device that can be used or associated with the equipment, contains information that is relevant to assessing compliance with this Act; and ( b ) if such information is found in exercise of the power in paragraph ( a ) — (i) produce, or compel the production of, the information in documentary form, and keep or copy the documents so produced; or (ii) transfer, or compel the transfer of, the information to a disk, tape or other storage device, and remove it from the premises.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s39
chapter: PART 7 - ENFORCEMENT
section: 39
title: Authorised officer may require persons to provide information and produce documents
content:
39. —(1) For the purposes of administering or enforcing this Act or determining whether this Act has been complied with, an authorised officer may (in connection with section 38 or otherwise) — ( a ) require any person to provide the authorised officer any information within the knowledge of that person; and ( b ) require any person to produce to the authorised officer any document in the person’s custody or under the person’s control in connection with the matter. (2) The authorised officer may — ( a ) specify a time and place at which a person must provide the information or produce the document under subsection (1); and ( b ) without payment — (i) inspect, keep, copy or take extracts from a document produced or made available to the authorised officer under this section; and (ii) in relation to a document kept in electronic form, inspect, copy or take extracts from the document in legible form. (3) Where a document is kept in electronic form, the power of the authorised officer to require the document to be produced includes the power to require the document to be made available to the authorised officer in legible form. (4) A person who, without reasonable excuse, refuses or fails to comply with a requirement under subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable — ( a ) on the first conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000; and ( b ) on a second or subsequent conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both and, in the case of a continuing offence, to a further fine not exceeding $1,000 for every day or part of a day during which the offence continues after conviction.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s40
chapter: PART 7 - ENFORCEMENT
section: 40
title: Power to demand names and addresses
content:
40. —(1) An authorised officer may require any person found on the premises under section 37 to — ( a ) give the person’s name and address and such other proof of identity; and ( b ) provide such other particulars, as the authorised officer may require for the purposes of this Act. (2) A person commits an offence if the person, upon being required by the authorised officer to give his or her name and address or other proof of identity or to provide any particulars under subsection (1) — ( a ) refuses to do so; ( b ) wilfully misstates his or her name and address or proof of identity; or ( c ) provides false particulars. (3) A person who is guilty of an offence under subsection (2) shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s41
chapter: PART 7 - ENFORCEMENT
section: 41
title: Penalty for obstructing authorised officer in his or her duty
content:
41. A person who at any time hinders or obstructs an authorised officer in the performance or execution of his or her duty or of any thing which the authorised officer is empowered or required to do under this Act shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction — ( a ) to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both; and ( b ) in the case of a second or subsequent conviction, to a fine not exceeding $20,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s42
chapter: PART 8 - MISCELLANEOUS
section: 42
title: Giving false information
content:
42. —(1) A person commits an offence if the person makes a statement or gives any information or document required to be made or given under this Act that the person knows or ought reasonably to know to be — ( a ) false in a material particular; or ( b ) misleading by reason of the omission of a material particular. (2) A person who is guilty of an offence under subsection (1) shall be liable — ( a ) on the first conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000; and ( b ) on a second or subsequent conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s43
chapter: PART 8 - MISCELLANEOUS
section: 43
title: Restriction on disclosure of confidential information
content:
43. —(1) This section applies if — ( a ) any information or document is given by a person to the Agency under this Act; and ( b ) at the time the information or document is given, the person giving it notifies the Agency in writing that it is of a confidential or commercially sensitive nature. (2) The Agency must not disclose to any person the information or the contents of a document to which this section applies unless — ( a ) the Agency is of the opinion that — (i) the disclosure of the information or the contents of the document would not cause detriment to the person supplying it or to any other person who is aware of the information or the contents of the document; or (ii) although the disclosure of the information or the contents of the document would cause detriment to the person supplying it or to any other person who is aware of the information or the contents of the document, the public benefit in disclosing outweighs that detriment; ( b ) the Agency gives written notice to — (i) the person who supplied the information or document; and (ii) any other person whom the Agency is aware has supplied the information or document to the person mentioned in sub‑paragraph (i), where the identity of such other person is known to the Agency, stating that the Agency wishes to disclose the information or contents of the document, specifying the nature of the intended disclosure and detailed reasons why the Agency wishes to make the disclosure and setting out a copy of this section; and ( c ) no appeal is made to the Minister under subsection (3) within 14 days after the date of the giving of the notice. (3) A person who is aggrieved by a notice under subsection (2)( b ) may appeal to the Minister within 14 days after the date of the giving of the notice. (4) Subsection (2) does not prevent the Agency from disclosing any information or the contents of any document — ( a ) to any member, officer or employee of the Agency or any agent, consultant, committee or panel acting for or under the direction of the Agency; ( b ) to the Minister or any agent, consultant, committee or panel acting for or under the direction of the Minister; ( c ) to the operator of a licensed scheme for the determination of the fees payable by members of the licensed scheme; ( d ) when required to do so by any court or under this Act or any other written law; or ( e ) for the purposes of any criminal proceedings. (5) For the purposes of this section, the disclosure of any information or the contents of a document already in the public domain at the time the Agency wishes to disclose it cannot cause detriment to any person mentioned in subsection (2)( a ).


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s44
chapter: PART 8 - MISCELLANEOUS
section: 44
title: Appeal to Minister
content:
44. —(1) Every appeal to the Minister under this Act must be made in such form and manner as the Minister may require. (2) Despite any appeal made under this Act, the decision appealed against takes effect and must be complied with unless otherwise provided in this Act or ordered by the Minister. (3) The Minister may, after considering the appeal, dismiss or allow the appeal, unconditionally or subject to such conditions as the Minister thinks fit. (4) The Minister may, in considering an appeal under this section, give the appellant an opportunity to make representations in writing. (5) The Minister’s decision on any appeal is final.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s45
chapter: PART 8 - MISCELLANEOUS
section: 45
title: Minister may designate others to hear appeals
content:
45. —(1) The Minister may designate any of the following persons to hear and determine, in the Minister’s place, any appeal under this Act: ( a ) the Second Minister (if any) for his or her Ministry; ( b ) a Minister of State (which includes a Senior Minister of State) for his or her Ministry; ( c ) a Parliamentary Secretary (which includes a Senior Parliamentary Secretary) assisting the Minister under this Part. (2) A reference to the Minister in section 44 includes a reference to a person designated under subsection (1).


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s46
chapter: PART 8 - MISCELLANEOUS
section: 46
title: Offences by corporations
content:
46. —(1) Where, in a proceeding for an offence under this Act, it is necessary to prove the state of mind of a corporation in relation to a particular conduct, evidence that — ( a ) an officer, employee or agent of the corporation engaged in that conduct within the scope of his or her actual or apparent authority; and ( b ) the officer, employee or agent had that state of mind, is evidence that the corporation had that state of mind. (2) Where a corporation commits an offence under this Act, a person — ( a ) who is — (i) an officer of the corporation; or (ii) an individual involved in the management of the corporation and in a position to influence the conduct of the corporation in relation to the commission of the offence; and ( b ) who — (i) consented or connived, or conspired with others, to effect the commission of the offence; (ii) is in any other way, whether by act or omission, knowingly concerned in, or is party to, the commission of the offence by the corporation; or (iii) knew or ought reasonably to have known that the offence by the corporation (or an offence of the same type) would be or is being committed, and failed to take all reasonable steps to prevent or stop the commission of that offence, shall be guilty of that same offence as is the corporation, and shall be liable on conviction to be punished accordingly. (3) A person mentioned in subsection (2) may rely on a defence that would be available to the corporation if it were charged with the offence with which the person is charged and, in doing so, the person bears the same burden of proof that the corporation would bear. (4) To avoid doubt, this section does not affect the application of — ( a ) Chapters 5 and 5A of the Penal Code 1871; or ( b ) the Evidence Act 1893 or any other law or practice regarding the admissibility of evidence. (5) To avoid doubt, subsection (2) also does not affect the liability of the corporation for an offence under this Act, and applies whether or not the corporation is convicted of the offence. (6) In this section — “corporation” includes a limited liability partnership within the meaning of section 2(1) of the Limited Liability Partnerships Act 2005; “officer”, in relation to a corporation, means any director, partner, chief executive, manager, secretary or other similar officer of the corporation, and includes — ( a ) any person purporting to act in any such capacity; and ( b ) for a corporation whose affairs are managed by its members, any of those members as if the member were a director of the corporation; “state of mind” of a person includes — ( a ) the knowledge, intention, opinion, belief or purpose of the person; and ( b ) the person’s reasons for the intention, opinion, belief or purpose.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s47
chapter: PART 8 - MISCELLANEOUS
section: 47
title: Offences by unincorporated associations or partnerships
content:
47. —(1) Where, in a proceeding for an offence under this Act, it is necessary to prove the state of mind of an unincorporated association or a partnership in relation to a particular conduct, evidence that — ( a ) an employee or agent of the unincorporated association or partnership engaged in that conduct within the scope of his or her actual or apparent authority; and ( b ) the employee or agent had that state of mind, is evidence that the unincorporated association or partnership had that state of mind. (2) Where an unincorporated association or a partnership commits an offence under this Act, a person — ( a ) who is — (i) an officer of the unincorporated association or a member of its governing body; (ii) a partner in the partnership; or (iii) an individual involved in the management of the unincorporated association or partnership and in a position to influence the conduct of the unincorporated association or partnership (as the case may be) in relation to the commission of the offence; and ( b ) who — (i) consented or connived, or conspired with others, to effect the commission of the offence; (ii) is in any other way, whether by act or omission, knowingly concerned in, or is party to, the commission of the offence by the unincorporated association or partnership; or (iii) knew or ought reasonably to have known that the offence by the unincorporated association or partnership (or an offence of the same type) would be or is being committed, and failed to take all reasonable steps to prevent or stop the commission of that offence, shall be guilty of the same offence as is the unincorporated association or partnership (as the case may be), and shall be liable on conviction to be punished accordingly. (3) A person mentioned in subsection (2) may rely on a defence that would be available to the unincorporated association or partnership if it were charged with the offence with which the person is charged and, in doing so, the person bears the same burden of proof that the unincorporated association or partnership would bear. (4) To avoid doubt, this section does not affect the application of — ( a ) Chapters 5 and 5A of the Penal Code 1871; or ( b ) the Evidence Act 1893 or any other law or practice regarding the admissibility of evidence. (5) To avoid doubt, subsection (2) also does not affect the liability of an unincorporated association or a partnership for an offence under this Act, and applies whether or not the unincorporated association or partnership is convicted of the offence. (6) In this section — “officer”, in relation to an unincorporated association (other than a partnership), means the president, the secretary, or any member of the committee of the unincorporated association, and includes — ( a ) any person holding a position analogous to that of president, secretary or member of a committee of the unincorporated association; and ( b ) any person purporting to act in any such capacity; “partner” includes a person purporting to act as a partner; “state of mind” of a person includes — ( a ) the knowledge, intention, opinion, belief or purpose of the person; and ( b ) the person’s reasons for the intention, opinion, belief or purpose.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s48
chapter: PART 8 - MISCELLANEOUS
section: 48
title: Service of documents, etc.
content:
48. —(1) A document that is permitted or required by this Act to be served on a person may be served as described in this section. (2) A document permitted or required by this Act to be served on an individual may be served — ( a ) by giving it to the individual personally; ( b ) by sending it by prepaid registered post to the address specified by the individual for the service of documents or, if no address is so specified, the individual’s residential address or business address; ( c ) by leaving it at the individual’s residential address with an adult apparently resident there, or at the individual’s business address with an adult apparently employed there; ( d ) by affixing a copy of the document in a conspicuous place at the individual’s residential address or business address; ( e ) by sending it by fax to the fax number last known to the person giving or serving the document as the fax number for the service of documents on the individual; or ( f ) by sending it by email to the individual’s last email address. (3) A document permitted or required by this Act to be served on a partnership (other than a limited liability partnership) may be served — ( a ) by giving it to any partner or other similar officer of the partnership; ( b ) by leaving it at, or by sending it by prepaid registered post to, the partnership’s business address; ( c ) by sending it by fax to the fax number used at the partnership’s business address; or ( d ) by sending it by email to the partnership’s last email address. (4) A document permitted or required by this Act to be served on a body corporate (including a limited liability partnership) may be served — ( a ) by giving it to the body corporate’s secretary or other similar officer, or the limited liability partnership’s manager; ( b ) by leaving it at, or by sending it by prepaid registered post to, the body corporate’s registered office or principal office in Singapore; ( c ) by sending it by fax to the fax number used at the body corporate’s registered office or principal office in Singapore; or ( d ) by sending it by email to the body corporate’s last email address. (5) Service of a document under subsection (1) takes effect — ( a ) if the document is sent by fax and a notification of successful transmission is received, on the day of transmission; ( b ) if the document is sent by email, at the time that the email becomes capable of being retrieved by the person to whom it is sent; and ( c ) if the document is sent by prepaid registered post, 2 days after the day the document was posted (even if it is returned undelivered). (6) However, service of any document under this Act on a person by email may be effected only with the person’s prior consent to service in that way. (7) This section does not apply to documents to be served in proceedings in court. (8) In this section — “business address” means — ( a ) in the case of an individual, the individual’s usual or last known place of business in Singapore; or ( b ) in the case of a partnership (other than a limited liability partnership), the partnership’s principal or last known place of business in Singapore; “document” includes a notice or an order permitted or required by this Act to be served; “last email address” means — ( a ) the last email address given by the addressee concerned to the person giving or serving the document as the email address for the service of documents under this Act; or ( b ) the last email address of the addressee concerned known to the person giving or serving the document; “residential address” means an individual’s usual or last known place of residence in Singapore.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s49
chapter: PART 8 - MISCELLANEOUS
section: 49
title: Composition of offences
content:
49. —(1) An authorised officer may compound any offence under this Act that is prescribed as a compoundable offence by collecting from a person reasonably suspected of having committed the offence a sum not exceeding the lower of the following: ( a ) one half of the amount of the maximum fine that is prescribed for the offence; ( b ) $5,000. (2) On payment of the sum of money, no further proceedings are to be taken against that person in respect of the offence. (3) All sums collected under this section must be paid into the Consolidated Fund.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s50
chapter: PART 8 - MISCELLANEOUS
section: 50
title: Exemption
content:
50. The Minister may, by order in the Gazette , exempt any person or any class of persons from all or any of the provisions of this Act, subject to the conditions as may be specified in the order.


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s51
chapter: PART 8 - MISCELLANEOUS
section: 51
title: Amendment of Schedule
content:
51. —(1) The Minister may, by order in the Gazette , amend the Schedule. (2) The Minister may, in an order under subsection (1), make such provisions of a saving or transitional nature consequent on the enactment of the order as the Minister may consider necessary or expedient. (3) All orders made under subsection (1) must be presented to Parliament as soon as possible after publication in the Gazette .


document_id: rsa-2019
provision_ref: s52
chapter: PART 8 - MISCELLANEOUS
section: 52
title: Regulations
content:
52. —(1) The Minister may make regulations prescribing matters required or permitted by this Act to be prescribed, or necessary or convenient to be prescribed for carrying out or giving effect to this Act. (2) Without limiting subsection (1), the Minister may make regulations for or with respect to all or any of the following: ( a ) the fees to be paid in respect of any matter or thing required for the purposes of this Act, and the refund or remission of the whole or any part of any such fees; ( aa ) the duties of a person registered as a registered retailer under section 23C; [Act 14 of 2023 wef 26/05/2023] ( b ) the manner of determining the quantity of waste collected by the operator of a licensed scheme; ( c ) the duties of an operator of a licensed scheme, including the duty — (i) to collect specified waste from a person without fee or at a prescribed fee; (ii) to provide collection points for specified waste and the manner and places where such collection points may be placed; (iii) to submit collection plans and contingency plans to the Agency; and (iv) to dispose of specified waste collected in a prescribed manner or only with prescribed persons; ( d ) the duties of a licensed e-waste recycler, including the duty — (i) to meet recycling and material recovery standards; and (ii) to ensure secure data destruction when treating e‑waste; ( e ) the receptacles that may be provided by a retailer for the collection of designated regulated consumer products under section 15; [Act 14 of 2023 wef 12/07/2024] ( f ) the duties of any person or a person within a class of persons who supplies a beverage product, in relation to the communication of the price or deposit for the beverage product, and any waiver of the giving of the amount of the deposit to the person; [Act 14 of 2023 wef 12/07/2024] ( g ) treating prescribed supplies of beverage products as supplies for which a person receives, or does not receive, any consideration in money for the purposes of section 23Q(5); [Act 14 of 2023 wef 12/07/2024] ( h ) the circumstances in and purposes for which a scheme licensee may use any amount of deposit provided under section 23R(1) for a purpose other than the refund of a deposit under section 23U; [Act 14 of 2023 wef 12/07/2024] ( i ) the duties of a return point operator. [Act 14 of 2023 wef 12/07/2024] (3) The regulations made under this section may — ( a ) prescribe the offences under this Act that may be compounded; and ( b ) provide that any contravention of any provision of the regulations shall be an offence punishable with a fine not exceeding $10,000 or with imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or with both.


document_id: rsia-1965
provision_ref: s1
section: 1
title: Short title and commencement
content:
1. This Act may be cited as the Republic of Singapore Independence Act 1965 and shall be deemed to have come into operation on the 9th day of August 1965 (hereinafter in this Act referred to as “Singapore Day”).


document_id: rsia-1965
provision_ref: s2
section: 2
title: Interpretation
content:
2. In this Act, unless it is otherwise provided or the context otherwise requires — “Head of State” means the President of Singapore; “Legislature” or “Legislature of Singapore” means the President and the Parliament of Singapore; “Singapore” means the Republic of Singapore.


document_id: rsia-1965
provision_ref: s3
section: 3
title: Transfer of sovereignty and jurisdiction
content:
3. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia shall with effect from Singapore Day cease to be the Supreme Head of Singapore and his sovereignty and jurisdiction and power and authority, executive or otherwise, in respect of Singapore shall be relinquished and shall vest in the Head of State.


document_id: rsia-1965
provision_ref: s4
section: 4
title: Exercise of executive powers
content:
4. The executive authority of Singapore shall, on and after Singapore Day, be vested in the Head of State and shall be exercisable by him or by the Cabinet or by any Minister authorised by the Cabinet.


document_id: rsia-1965
provision_ref: s5
section: 5
title: Transfer of legislative powers
content:
5. The legislative powers of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong and of the Parliament of Malaysia shall on Singapore Day cease to extend to Singapore and shall be transferred so as to vest in the Head of State and in the Legislature of Singapore respectively.


document_id: rsia-1965
provision_ref: s6
section: 6
title:
Continuance in force of provisions of the Constitution of Malaysia and exercise of powers thereunder

content:
6. —(1) The provisions of the Constitution of Malaysia, other than those set out in subsection (3), shall continue in force in Singapore subject to such modifications, adaptations and qualifications and exceptions as may be necessary to bring them into conformity with the independent status of Singapore upon separation from Malaysia. (2) The provisions of the Constitution of Malaysia referred to in subsection (1) may in their application to Singapore be amended by the Legislature. (3) The following provisions of the Constitution of Malaysia shall cease to have effect in Singapore: Part I; Article 13; Articles 14 to 18; Article 19A; Article 22; Articles 28 and 28A; Articles 30, 30A and 30B; Part IV; Part V; Part VI; Part VII; Part VIII; Articles 133 and 134; Article 139; Articles 141 to 143; Articles 146A to 148; Part XII; Part XIII; Part XIV; The Third, Fourth, Fifth, Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh and Thirteenth Schedules. (4) Without prejudice to the generality of the provisions of sections 3, 4 and 5, the powers conferred by the provisions of the Constitution of Malaysia continued in force under the provisions of subsection (1) shall be exercised on and after Singapore Day as follows: ( a ) the powers of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong shall be exercised by the President; ( b ) the powers of the Federal Government shall be exercised by the Government of Singapore; ( c ) the powers of the Federal Legislature shall be exercised by the Legislature of Singapore; ( d ) the powers of the Prime Minister of Malaysia shall be exercised by the Prime Minister of Singapore; ( e ) the powers of a Minister of Malaysia shall be exercised by the corresponding Minister in Singapore or by such Minister as may be designated by the Prime Minister of Singapore; ( f ) the powers of the Judicial and Legal Service Commission shall be exercised by a Legal Service Commission which shall consist of the following persons: (i) the Chief Justice, as President; (ii) the Attorney-General; (iii) the Chairman of the Public Service Commission; (iv) a Judge of the High Court nominated generally or specially by the Chief Justice; and (v) not more than 2 members of the Public Service Commission nominated generally or specially by the Chairman of the Public Service Commission; ( g ) the powers of the Police Force Commission shall be exercised by the Public Service Commission; ( h ) the powers of the Lord President of the Federal Court shall be exercised by the Chief Justice of Singapore; and ( i ) the powers of the Attorney-General of Malaysia shall be exercised by the Attorney-General of Singapore. (5) In this section, “amendment” includes addition and repeal.


document_id: rsia-1965
provision_ref: s7
section: 7
title: Official languages and national language
content:
7. —(1) Malay, Mandarin, Tamil and English shall be the 4 official languages in Singapore. (2) The national language shall be the Malay language and shall be in the Roman script: Provided that — ( a ) no person shall be prohibited or prevented from using or from teaching or learning any other language; and ( b ) nothing in this section shall prejudice the right of the Government to preserve and sustain the use and study of the language of any other community in Singapore.


document_id: rsia-1965
provision_ref: s8
section: 8
title: Grant of pardon
content:
8. —(1) The President, as occasion shall arise, may, on the advice of the Cabinet — ( a ) grant a pardon to any accomplice in any offence who gives information which leads to the conviction of the principal offender or any one of the principal offenders, if more than one; ( b ) grant to any offender convicted of any offence in any court in Singapore, a pardon, free or subject to lawful conditions, or any reprieve or respite, either indefinite or for such period as the President may think fit, of the execution of any sentence pronounced on such offender; or ( c ) remit the whole or any part of such sentence or of any penalty or forfeiture imposed by law. (2) Where any offender has been condemned to death by the sentence of any court and in the event of an appeal such sentence has been confirmed by the appellate court, the President shall cause the reports which are made to him by the Judge who tried the case and the Chief Justice or other presiding Judge of the appellate court to be forwarded to the Attorney-General with instructions that, after the Attorney-General has given his opinion thereon, the reports shall be sent, together with the Attorney-General’s opinion, to the Cabinet so that the Cabinet may advise the President on the exercise of the power conferred on him by subsection (1).


document_id: rsia-1965
provision_ref: s9
section: 9
title: Transfer of property and succession to rights, liabilities and obligations
content:
9. All property, movable and immovable, and rights, liabilities and obligations which before 16 September 1963 belonged to or were the responsibility of the Government of Singapore and which on that day or after became the property of or the responsibility of the Government of Malaysia shall, on Singapore Day, revert to, and vest in, or devolve upon, and become once again the property of or the responsibility of the Government of Singapore.


document_id: rsia-1965
provision_ref: s10
section: 10
title: Transfer of Singapore officers
content:
10. —(1) All persons, including members of the Armed Forces, the Police Force, the Courts, the Legal Service and the Judiciary and all others who immediately before 16 September 1963 were officers employed by the Government of Singapore and who on that day or after became officers employed by the Government of Malaysia shall on Singapore Day become once again officers employed by the Government of Singapore. (2) All persons who between 16 September 1963 and Singapore Day were engaged by the Government of Malaysia and were employed in those departments which were departments of the Government of Singapore before 16 September 1963 shall on Singapore Day become persons temporarily employed by the Government of Singapore. (3) The President may within 24 months of Singapore Day confirm or terminate the employment of any person or class of persons who are temporarily employed by the Government under the provisions of subsection (2).


document_id: rsia-1965
provision_ref: s11
section: 11
title: Temporary provision as to jurisdiction and procedure of Singapore Courts
content:
11. Until other provision is made by the Legislature, the jurisdiction, original or appellate, and the practice and procedure of the High Court and the subordinate courts of Singapore shall be the same as that exercised and followed immediately before Singapore Day, and appeals from the High Court shall continue to lie to the Federal Court of Malaysia and to the Privy Council.


document_id: rsia-1965
provision_ref: s12
section: 12
title: Appointment to statutory boards, etc.
content:
12. Any provision in any written law in force in Singapore which enables a member of any statutory board or other body constituted by law to be appointed from Malaysia or as representing any authority or person or body of persons in Malaysia shall, unless the President by notification in the Gazette otherwise orders, cease to have effect and such statutory board or body shall be deemed to be properly constituted notwithstanding that no such member has been or is appointed.


document_id: rsia-1965
provision_ref: s13
section: 13
title: Existing laws
content:
13. —(1) Subject to the provisions of this section, all existing laws shall continue in force on and after Singapore Day, but all such laws shall be construed as from Singapore Day with such modifications, adaptations, qualifications and exceptions as may be necessary to bring them into conformity with this Act and with the independent status of Singapore upon separation from Malaysia. (2) Without prejudice to the generality of subsection (1), in any existing law which continues in force after Singapore Day, unless the context otherwise requires — ( a ) any reference to the Colony or to the State of Singapore shall be construed as a reference to the Republic of Singapore; ( b ) any reference to the Yang di-Pertuan Agong shall be construed as a reference to the President; ( c ) any reference to the Yang di-Pertuan Negara shall be construed as a reference to the President; ( d ) any reference to the Cabinet or to the Prime Minister or a Minister of Malaysia shall be construed as a reference to the Cabinet or to the Prime Minister or the appropriate Minister of Singapore; ( e ) any reference to the Parliament or to the House of Representatives of Malaysia shall be construed as a reference to the Parliament of Singapore; ( f ) any reference to the Legislative Assembly shall be construed as a reference to the Parliament of Singapore; ( g ) any reference to the Attorney-General of Malaysia shall be construed as a reference to the Attorney-General of Singapore; ( h ) any reference to the State Advocate-General of Singapore shall be construed as a reference to the Attorney-General of Singapore; and ( i ) any reference to any person holding a public office under the Government of Malaysia or to any other authority or body constituted under the Constitution of Malaysia or any written law of Malaysia shall be construed as a reference to the corresponding public officer or corresponding authority or body of Singapore. (3) ( a ) The President may, by order made at any time during the period of 3 years after the coming into operation of this Act and published in the Gazette , make such modifications in any written law as appear to him to be necessary or expedient in consequence of the enactment of this Act and in consequence of the independence of Singapore upon separation from Malaysia. ( b ) Any order made under this subsection may be amended or repealed by a further order so made. ( c ) An order made under this subsection shall have effect from such date, not being earlier than Singapore Day, as may be specified therein. ( d ) An order made under this subsection shall be presented to Parliament as soon as possible after it is made. (4) Without prejudice to the generality of the powers contained in subsection (3), the President may by order make such modifications in any written law as appear to him to be necessary or expedient in consequence of the abolition of the City Council and of the Rural Board and of the assumption of the powers of the local authorities by the Government. (5) The Prime Minister may by order declare which Minister is the appropriate Minister for the purpose of subsection (2)( d ) and may similarly declare who is the corresponding public officer or which is the corresponding authority or body referred to in subsection (2)( i ). (6) In subsection (3), “modification” includes amendment, adaptation and repeal and in relation to any law of Malaysia or of the United Kingdom for the time being in force in Singapore includes power to declare that such law shall cease to apply to Singapore. (7) In this section — “existing law” means any law including written law having effect as part of the law of Singapore prior to Singapore Day; and “written law” includes the Constitution of Malaysia and the Constitution of Singapore and all Acts, Ordinances and enactments by whatever name called and subsidiary legislation made thereunder for the time being in force in Singapore.


document_id: rsia-1965
provision_ref: s14
section: 14
title: Saving
content:
14. Nothing in this Act shall affect the validity of any acts done in the name of, or by, the Yang di-Pertuan Negara or the State Advocate‑General before the enactment of this Act.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s2
section: 2
title: Interpretation
content:
2. —(1) In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires — “Authority” means the Land Transport Authority of Singapore established under the Land Transport Authority of Singapore Act 1995; “automated vehicle technology” means any particular technology that — ( a ) relates to the design, construction or use of autonomous motor vehicles; or ( b ) otherwise relates to advances in the design or construction of autonomous motor vehicles; “autonomous motor vehicle” means a motor vehicle equipped wholly or substantially with an autonomous system (also commonly known as a driverless vehicle), and includes a trailer drawn by such a motor vehicle; “autonomous system”, for a motor vehicle, means a system that enables the operation of the motor vehicle without the active physical control of, or monitoring by, a human operator; “bicycle” means a vehicle that — ( a ) has 2 wheels held one behind the other in a frame; ( b ) is steered by handlebars attached to the front wheel; ( c ) has pedals; and ( d ) is built to be propelled solely by human power; “carriage of goods” includes the haulage of goods; “cart” includes a wagon, handcart or trolley used or constructed for the carriage of goods; “Commissioner of Police” means the public officer appointed under section 6(1) of the Police Force Act 2004; “company” means any company as defined in the Companies Act 1967 and includes any company to which Division 2 of Part 11 of that Act applies, any company formed pursuant to any other Act or by royal charter or letters patent, a limited liability partnership and any other body corporate formed or incorporated by or under any written law; “competency test certificate”, for a class or description of test‑needed‑to‑ride‑on‑road vehicle, means — ( a ) for any road-only PAB — a certificate granted under section 47H(1) certifying that an individual has passed the prescribed test of competence for that class or description of power‑assisted bicycle; or ( b ) for any other test‑needed-to‑ride‑on‑road vehicle, which is either a bicycle or power‑assisted bicycle — a certificate granted under section 23F of the Active Mobility Act 2017 certifying that an individual has passed the test of competence prescribed under that Act for that class or description of bicycle or power‑assisted bicycle; “Deputy Commissioner of Police”, in relation to any provision of this Act or rules or any other subsidiary legislation made under this Act, means the Deputy Commissioner of Police designated by the Commissioner of Police for the purposes of that provision, and includes any police officer who — ( a ) is not below the rank of sergeant; and ( b ) is authorised under the hand of the Deputy Commissioner of Police for the purposes of that provision, to exercise the powers of that Deputy Commissioner of Police; “de‑registered vehicle” means a vehicle the registration of which has been cancelled by the Registrar under section 27(1); “diameter”, in relation to the wheel of a vehicle or trailer, means the overall diameter measured between the 2 opposite points on the surface of a tyre which are furthest apart; “driver” — ( a ) in relation to a trailer, includes a driver of a vehicle by which the trailer is drawn, and “drive” is to be construed accordingly; ( b ) where a separate person acts as a steersman of a motor vehicle, includes that person as well as any other person engaged in the driving of the vehicle, and “drive” is to be construed accordingly; and ( c ) includes the rider of a bicycle and any person propelling a tricycle or trishaw or pushing or pulling a cart, and “drive” is to be construed accordingly; “driving licence” means a licence to drive a motor vehicle granted under the provisions of Part 2; “exempt ride‑hail service operator” has the meaning given by the Point‑to‑Point Passenger Transport Industry Act 2019; “fare”, in relation to a public service vehicle, includes — ( a ) the amount of any rate, fee, levy and charge and any other valuable consideration (however described) for a journey by the public service vehicle; and ( b ) the provision of, or arrangements for, a discount, concession, allowance, rebate or credit applying in relation to any amount in paragraph ( a ); “foreign driving licence” means a driving licence or permit (not being a provisional driving licence or permit) issued by a competent authority in another country between which and Singapore there is in force a treaty for the recognition of driving licences or permits issued in the countries which are parties to the treaty; “goods” includes goods or burden of any description; “goods vehicle” means a motor vehicle constructed or adapted for use for the carriage of goods or a trailer so constructed or adapted; “Minister” means — ( a ) except as provided in paragraphs ( b ) and ( c ), the Minister charged with the responsibility for land transport; ( b ) for the purposes of the whole of Parts 2 and 3 and sections 75(1), 82, 112(1), (3) and (4), 113(1) and (2), 114(1), 116(2), 121(2) and 143(3) and (11), the Minister charged with the responsibility for law and order; and ( c ) for the purposes of sections 131B(7), 135(2), 140(1) and (2), 142 and 142A(1), the Minister charged with the responsibility for land transport or the Minister charged with the responsibility for law and order, as appropriate; “mobility scooter” and “motorised wheelchair” have the meanings given by the Active Mobility Act 2017; “motor fuel” has the meaning given by the Customs Act 1960; “motor vehicle” means a vehicle that — ( a ) is propelled wholly or partly by a motor or by any means other than human or animal power; and ( b ) is used or intended to be used on any road; “on‑demand passenger transport service” and “on‑demand ride booking service” have the meanings given by the Point‑to‑Point Passenger Transport Industry Act 2019; “outsourced enforcement officer”, in relation to any provision of this Act or subsidiary legislation made under this Act, means an individual who — ( a ) is appointed under section 11 of the Land Transport Authority of Singapore Act 1995; ( b ) is authorised by or under that Act to exercise any powers under any provision of this Act or subsidiary legislation made under this Act, as the case may be; and ( c ) is acting within that authorisation; “owner”, in relation to a vehicle which is the subject of a hiring agreement or hire purchase agreement, means the person in possession of the vehicle under that agreement; “paid driver” means a person who drives a motor vehicle in return for a salary or other remuneration; “park” means to bring a motor vehicle or a trailer to a stationary position and cause it to wait for any purpose other than that of immediately taking up or setting down persons, goods or luggage; “parking place” has the meaning given by the Parking Places Act 1974; “participate”, in relation to an autonomous motor vehicle trial regulated under section 6C, means — ( a ) undertake the trial; or ( b ) operate an autonomous motor vehicle in the trial; “permanent resident of Singapore” has the meaning given by section 2 of the Immigration Act 1959; [Act 31 of 2023 wef 01/12/2025] “personal mobility device” has the meaning given by the Active Mobility Act 2017; “police officer” includes any person employed for police duties in the Singapore Police Force constituted under the Police Force Act 2004; “power‑assisted bicycle” means a bicycle that — ( a ) is equipped with an electric motor; and ( b ) may be propelled by human power or by the electric motor with which it is equipped, or by both; “prescribed test of competence”, in relation to riding a test‑needed‑to‑ride‑on‑road vehicle on a road, means — ( a ) for any road‑only PAB — a test of subject matter prescribed by rules made under section 48 to test an individual’s knowledge of safe driving or riding practices and law on public paths and roads; or ( b ) for any other test‑needed-to‑ride‑on‑road vehicle — a test of subject matter prescribed by regulations made under the Active Mobility Act 2017 to test, for the purposes of Division 2A of Part 3 of that Act, an individual’s knowledge of safe driving or riding practices and law on public paths and roads; “public place” means any place or premises, whether privately owned or not, to which the general public or any section of the general public is permitted to have access, whether on payment or otherwise; “public service vehicle” means a vehicle used or kept for use for the carriage, for hire or reward, of — ( a ) in the case of a motor car which does not ply for hire on any road but is hired under a contract, express or implied, for the use of the car as a whole, the driver of the car or any passenger; or ( b ) in any other case, any passenger, but excludes any vehicle constructed for use on fixed rails or specially prepared ways; “registered medical practitioner” has the meaning given by the Medical Registration Act 1997; “Registrar” means the Registrar of Vehicles or the Deputy Registrar or an assistant registrar appointed under section 9; “replacement vehicle” means a vehicle to which a permit issued under section 10A for another vehicle has been transferred pursuant to rules made under section 10A(4)( ha ); “ride‑hail service” has the meaning given by the Point‑to‑Point Passenger Transport Industry Act 2019; “road” means any public road and any other road to which the public has access, and includes — ( a ) any road within Pulau Bukom; ( b ) any road within the limits of any installation of the Singapore Armed Forces declared by the Minister by notification in the Gazette to be an installation to which this Act applies; ( c ) any bridge over which a road passes; and ( d ) any road, to which the public does not have access, which the Minister charged with the responsibility for transport prescribes, by notification in the Gazette , to be a road to which this Act applies; “road‑only PAB” means a power‑assisted bicycle that — ( a ) is within a class or description that is prescribed in rules made under section 48 for the purposes of section 47G(1); and ( b ) is not intended for use on any public path within the meaning of the Active Mobility Act 2017; “rules” means rules made under this Act; “security officer” means a licensed security officer within the meaning of the Private Security Industry Act 2007 who is authorised by the Deputy Commissioner of Police or the Authority (as appropriate) under section 142B to regulate traffic under any provision of this Act; “street‑hail service” has the meaning given by the Point‑to‑Point Passenger Transport Industry Act 2019; “street‑hail service licence” means a street‑hail service licence granted under the Point‑to‑Point Passenger Transport Industry Act 2019 to provide a street‑hail service; “street‑hail service licensee” means a person to whom a street‑hail service licence is granted (on renewal or otherwise) or deemed granted under the Point‑to‑Point Passenger Transport Industry Act 2019; “test authority”, for a class or description of a road‑only PAB, means an individual designated by the Minister charged with the responsibility for law and order to be a test authority for that class or description of test‑needed‑to‑ride‑on‑road vehicle; “test‑needed‑to‑ride‑on‑road vehicle” means — ( a ) a bicycle or power‑assisted bicycle within a class or description of bicycle or power‑assisted bicycle that is prescribed for the purposes of Division 2A of Part 3 of the Active Mobility Act 2017; or ( b ) a road‑only PAB; “trailer” means a vehicle drawn by a motor vehicle; “tricycle” means a vehicle with 3 wheels that — ( a ) has pedals; ( b ) is built to be propelled solely by human power by use of those pedals; and ( c ) is constructed or adapted for the carriage of goods only; “use” means use on a road; “vehicle” means any vehicle whether mechanically propelled or otherwise; “weight unladen” means the weight of a vehicle inclusive of the body and all parts (the heavier being taken where alternative bodies 


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s4
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 4
title: Classification of motor vehicles
content:
4. —(1) For the purposes of this Act, motor vehicles are divided into the following classes: ( a ) heavy locomotives; that is to say, motor vehicles which are not constructed themselves to carry any load (other than water, fuel, accumulators and other equipment and materials used for the purpose of propulsion, loose tools and loose equipment) and the weight of which unladen exceeds 11,500 kilograms; ( b ) light locomotives; that is to say, motor vehicles which are not constructed themselves to carry any load (other than any of the articles specified in paragraph ( a )) and the weight of which unladen does not exceed 11,500 kilograms but exceeds 7,250 kilograms; ( c ) motor tractors; that is to say, motor vehicles which are not constructed themselves to carry any load (other than any of the articles specified in paragraph ( a )) and the weight of which unladen does not exceed 7,250 kilograms; ( d ) heavy motor cars; that is to say, motor vehicles (not being vehicles classified under this section as motor cars) which are constructed themselves to carry a load or passengers and the weight of which unladen exceeds 2,500 kilograms; ( e ) motor cars; that is to say, motor vehicles (not being vehicles classified under this section as motor cycles) which are constructed themselves to carry a load or passengers and the weight of which unladen — (i) does not exceed 3,000 kilograms in the case of motor vehicles which are — (A) constructed solely for the carriage of passengers and their effects; (B) adapted to carry not more than 7 passengers exclusive of the driver; and (C) fitted with tyres of the prescribed type; and (ii) in any other case does not exceed 2,500 kilograms; ( f ) motor cycles and power‑assisted bicycles; that is to say, motor vehicles with less than 4 wheels and the weight of which unladen does not exceed 400 kilograms; ( g ) invalid carriages; that is to say, motor vehicles which are specially designed and constructed and not merely adapted for the use of persons suffering from some physical disability and are used solely by those persons and the weight of which unladen does not exceed 250 kilograms. [3/2017] (2) The Authority may make rules for subdividing any class of motor vehicles whether according to weight, construction, nature of tyres, use or otherwise and making different provision with respect to each subdivision and varying in respect of any class the maximum or minimum weight fixed by this section. (3) Any reference in this Part to a class of motor vehicles includes a reference to any subdivision of such a class. (4) For the purposes of this Part — ( a ) in any case where a motor vehicle is so constructed that a trailer may by partial superimposition be attached to the vehicle in such manner as to cause a substantial part of the weight of the trailer to be borne by the vehicle, that vehicle is deemed to be a vehicle itself constructed to carry a load; ( b ) in the case of a motor vehicle fitted with a crane, dynamo, welding plant or other special appliance or apparatus which is a permanent or essentially permanent fixture, the appliance or apparatus is not to be deemed to constitute a load but is deemed to form part of the vehicle; and ( c ) a side-car attached to a motor cycle is, if it complies with the prescribed conditions, to be regarded as forming part of the vehicle to which it is attached and not as being a trailer.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s5
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 5
title: Prohibition of vehicles not complying with rules as to construction, etc.
content:
5. —(1) Subject to the provisions of this Act, it is not lawful to use a vehicle or trailer which does not comply with the rules as to construction, weight and equipment applicable to the class or description of vehicles to which the vehicle or trailer belongs. (2) The Authority may, by notification in the Gazette , authorise, subject to any restrictions and conditions that may be specified in the notification, the use of special vehicles or trailers or special types of vehicles or trailers which are constructed either for special purposes or for tests or trials and of new or improved types of vehicles or trailers whether wheeled or wheel-less. (3) The Authority may at any time revoke, vary or amend a notification made under this section. (3A) Subsections (2) and (3) do not apply to or in relation to the use of wholly or substantially autonomous motor vehicles operated with automated vehicle technology. [10/2017] (4) Subject to this section, it is not lawful to sell or to supply or to offer to sell or supply a vehicle or trailer for delivery in such a condition that the use thereof in that condition would be unlawful by virtue of this section. (5) A person who alters (whether in the course of repair or otherwise) a vehicle or trailer so as to render its condition such that the use of the vehicle or trailer in that condition would be unlawful by virtue of this section, shall be guilty of an offence. [10/2017] (5A) It is presumed, until the contrary is proved, that a person alters (whether in the course of repair or otherwise) a vehicle or trailer as to render its condition such that the use of the vehicle or trailer in that condition would be unlawful by virtue of this section (called in this section non‑compliant) if it is proved — ( a ) that the accused had possession of the vehicle or trailer; ( b ) that the vehicle or trailer was not non‑compliant when the accused acquired possession of it; and ( c ) that at that time or soon after the vehicle or trailer (as the case may be) ceased to be in the accused’s possession, the vehicle or trailer is non‑compliant. [10/2017] (5B) In this section, “alter” includes causing or authorising a person to alter, and offering to alter. [10/2017] (6) If a vehicle or trailer is used or is sold, supplied, offered or altered in contravention of this section, any person who so uses the vehicle or trailer or causes or permits the vehicle or trailer to be so used or so sells, supplies, offers or alters it or causes or permits it to be so sold, supplied, offered or altered shall be guilty of an offence. (7) Any person who is guilty of an offence under subsection (5) or (6) shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both and, in the case of a second or subsequent conviction, to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months or to both. [10/2017] (7AA) Despite subsection (7), where the vehicle involved in an offence is a power-assisted bicycle, then a person who is guilty of an offence under subsection (5) or (6) shall be liable on conviction — ( a ) where the person is an individual — (i) to a fine not exceeding $20,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 24 months or to both; but (ii) where the individual is a repeat offender, to a fine not exceeding $40,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 48 months or to both; or ( b ) in any other case — (i) to a fine not exceeding $40,000; but (ii) where the person is a repeat offender, to a fine not exceeding $80,000. [9/2020] (7A) Where in any proceedings relating to an offence under subsection (6), it is proved to the satisfaction of the court that a vehicle or trailer is used or caused or permitted to be used in contravention of this section, the court may, upon the application of the Public Prosecutor, make an order for the vehicle or trailer to be detained for a period not exceeding 3 months (called in this section the detention period) by the Registrar or an authorised officer. [37/2012] (7B) Any vehicle or trailer detained pursuant to subsection (7A) must be kept at such place of safety as may be determined by the Registrar or an authorised officer. [37/2012] (7C) The Registrar or an authorised officer shall not be liable for — ( a ) any damage to or loss of a vehicle or trailer during the period when the vehicle or trailer is in the possession of the Registrar or the authorised officer which is not wilfully or negligently caused by the Registrar or the authorised officer in the exercise of his or her powers under this section; or ( b ) any depreciation in the value of the vehicle or trailer because of the detention of the vehicle or trailer. [37/2012] (7D) At the end of the detention period of any vehicle or trailer, the Registrar or an authorised officer must, as soon as is reasonably practicable, notify the person in whose name the vehicle or trailer is registered that the vehicle or trailer is released from detention and of the procedure by which the person may secure the release of the vehicle or trailer. [37/2012] (7E) If the vehicle or trailer is not claimed by the person notified under subsection (7D), or another person authorised in writing by that person, within 3 calendar days after the date of its release as stated in the notice in subsection (7D), the person notified under that subsection shall be liable for all charges reasonably incurred by the Registrar or an authorised officer in storing the vehicle or trailer in the place of safety thereafter. [37/2012] (7F) Any person who, without lawful authority, removes or causes to be removed any vehicle or trailer from the place of safety at which it is detained during its detention period shall be guilty of an offence. [37/2012] (7G) If any vehicle or trailer detained pursuant to subsection (7A) is not claimed by or on behalf of the person notified under subsection (7D), the Registrar or an authorised officer may, after giving one month’s notice in the Gazette of his or her intention to do so, sell the vehicle or trailer by public auction or otherwise dispose of the vehicle or trailer in any manner that he or she thinks fit. [37/2012] (7H) The proceeds (if any) from the sale or disposal of any such vehicle or trailer under subsection (7G) must be applied — ( a ) firstly, in payment of any licence fee which may be due in respect of the vehicle or trailer; ( b ) secondly, in payment of expenses occasioned by the sale or disposal and any charges reasonably incurred in storing, detaining or otherwise carrying out the provisions of this section; and ( c ) thirdly, any damage caused to any property of the Government by the unlawful use of the vehicle or trailer, and the surplus (if any) must be paid to the person in whose name the vehicle or trailer was registered at the time of its sale or disposal or, if not claimed by such person within 12 months after the date of the sale or disposal, is forfeited to the Government. [37/2012] (7I) The Registrar or an authorised officer may reject any transfer of ownership or cancellation of registration of a vehicle or trailer if the Registrar or the authorised officer has reason to believe that any person is guilty of an offence under subsection (6). [37/2012] (8) In any proceedings for an offence under subsection (6) in respect of the sale, supply, offer or alteration of a vehicle or trailer, it is a defence to any prosecution for an offence under this section, if the accused proves, on a balance of probabilities, that — ( a ) a contract or arrangement has been entered into, or an understanding has been arrived at, for the non‑compliant vehicle or trailer to be exported (whether or not the accused is a party to that contract, arrangement or understanding); ( b ) the accused sells the non‑compliant vehicle or trailer in the course of, or for the purpose of, the non‑compliant vehicle or trailer being exported; and ( c ) the accused does not offer that non‑compliant vehicle or trailer for sale in Singapore and the sale is not a retail sale. [3/2017] (9) It is also a defence to any prosecution for an offence under this section, if the accused proves, on a balance of probabilities, that — ( a ) the accused had received from the person to whom the non‑compliant vehicle or trailer was sold, evidence purporting to show that the person does not intend to use the vehicle or trailer on any road; and ( b ) it was reasonable to, and the accused did accept, that evidence as correct. [3/2017] (10) In this section — “authorised officer” means any employee of the Authority who is duly authorised by the Registrar in writing to act under this section; “non‑compliant vehicle or trailer” means a vehicle or trailer which does not comply with the rules as to construction, weight and equipment applicable to the class or description of vehicles to which the vehicle or trailer belongs; “repeat offender”, for an offence under subsection (5) or (6) involving a power-assisted bicycle read with subsection (7AA), means a person who — ( a ) is convicted, or found guilty, of such an offence (called the current offence); and ( b ) has been convicted or found guilty (whether before, on or after 3 April 2020) of an offence under subsection (5) or (6) (whether involving a power‑assisted bicycle) on at least one other earlier occasion within the period of 5 years immediately before the date on which the person is convicted or found guilty of the current offence. [3/2017; 9/2020]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s5A
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 5A
title: No riding of personal mobility devices, etc., on roads
content:
5A. —(1) An individual must not ride a personal mobility device or drive a mobility scooter or motorised wheelchair on a road at any time. [3/2017; 38/2018] (2) However, subsection (1) does not apply to an individual who is crossing a road in or on a personal mobility device, a mobility scooter or a motorised wheelchair — ( a ) if the individual crosses the road by the shortest safe route, and does not stay on the road longer than necessary to cross the road safely; or ( b ) if — (i) there is, in the case of a rider of a personal mobility device, an obstruction on a shared path or footpath (within the meaning of the Active Mobility Act 2017) adjacent to the road (called an adjacent area), or there is an obstruction on any public path (within the meaning of that Act) adjacent to the road (also called an adjacent area) in the case of a driver of a mobility scooter or a motorised wheelchair; (ii) it is impracticable to travel on the adjacent area; and (iii) the individual travels no more than reasonably necessary along the road to avoid the obstruction. [3/2017; 38/2018] (3) An individual who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction — ( a ) to a fine not exceeding $2,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both; and ( b ) if the individual is a repeat offender, to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months or to both. [3/2017]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s5B
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 5B
title: No riding of personal mobility device, etc., when towed by motor vehicle
content:
5B. —(1) An individual must not ride a personal mobility device or drive a mobility scooter or motorised wheelchair on a road at any time while the individual riding the personal mobility device, or driving the mobility scooter or motorised wheelchair, is towed by a motor vehicle or is otherwise holding on to a motor vehicle. [38/2018] (2) An individual who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction — ( a ) to a fine not exceeding $2,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both; and ( b ) if the individual is a repeat offender, to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months or to both. [3/2017]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s6
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 6
title: Rules as to use and construction of vehicles
content:
6. —(1) The Authority may make rules generally as to the use of vehicles and trailers, their construction and equipment and the conditions under which they may be used and, in particular, may make rules — ( a ) to regulate the width, height, wheel base, length and overhang of vehicles and trailers and the load carried thereby, the diameter of wheels and the width, nature and condition of tyres of vehicles and trailers and to prohibit the use of any tyres likely to cause damage to the roads; ( b ) to prohibit excessive noise due to the design or condition of the motor vehicle or trailer or the loading thereof; ( c ) to regulate the maximum weight unladen of heavy locomotives and heavy motor cars and the maximum weight laden of motor vehicles and trailers and the maximum weight to be transmitted to the road or any specified area thereof by a motor vehicle or trailer of any class or description or by any part or parts of the vehicle or trailer in contact with the road and the conditions under which the weights may be required to be tested; ( d ) to prescribe the particulars to be marked on vehicles and trailers; ( e ) to specify the number and nature of springs and brakes on vehicles and trailers and to secure that springs, brakes, silencers and steering gear are efficient and kept in proper working order and for empowering any person or classes of persons named or described in those rules to test and inspect those springs, brakes, silencers and steering gear on a road or, subject to the consent of the occupier of the premises, on any premises; ( f ) to regulate the appliances to be fitted — (i) for signalling the approach of a vehicle or enabling the driver of a motor vehicle to become aware of the approach of another vehicle from the rear; (ii) for intimating any intended change of speed or direction of a motor vehicle; or (iii) for measuring or indicating or measuring and indicating the amount of motor fuel in any fuel tank of a motor vehicle, and to regulate or prohibit the use of any such appliance and to secure that they are efficient and kept in proper working order; ( g ) to regulate the lights to be carried by vehicles and trailers whether in respect of the nature of such lights, the positions in which they must be fixed and the periods during which they must be lighted or otherwise; ( h ) to prescribe the safety equipment to be installed in vehicles; ( i ) to control, in connection with the use of a motor vehicle, the emission of smoke, oily substance, ashes, water, steam, visible vapour, noxious fumes, sparks, cinders, gas or grit; ( j ) to regulate the towing or drawing of vehicles by motor vehicles and the manner of attachments; ( k ) to prohibit in connection with the use of a motor vehicle the use of any appliance or the commission of any act which is likely to cause annoyance or danger; ( l ) to regulate the number of trailers that may be attached in train to any motor vehicle, the manner of attachment and the manner in which the trailers are kept under control and the maximum weight thereof; ( m ) to prescribe the number of persons to be employed in driving or attending motor vehicles or trailers and to regulate the duties and conduct of those persons; ( n ) to prescribe a maximum speed for motor vehicles of any class or description and to provide for exemption in special cases; and ( o ) to regulate or prohibit either generally or in specified areas or roads and either at all times or between specified hours the use of horns or other warning appliances. [25/2011] (2) The Authority may make different rules for different classes or descriptions of vehicles for the same class or description of vehicles in different circumstances. (3) The Authority may by such rules confer on the Registrar or an authorised officer a discretion to waive, in any particular case, the operation of any rules made under this section subject to any conditions that the Registrar or the authorised officer may impose. [37/2012] (4) In this section, “authorised officer” means any employee of the Authority, or any other person, who is duly authorised by the Registrar in writing to carry out any particular function or to exercise any particular power under any rules made under this section. [37/2012]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s6A
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 6A
title: Alteration of fuel-measuring equipment
content:
6A. —(1) A person must not alter the fuel-measuring equipment of a motor vehicle for the purpose of preventing the fuel-measuring equipment from duly measuring or indicating the quantity of motor fuel in any fuel supply tank of the motor vehicle. [25/2011] (2) Any person who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months. (3) Where there is found any artificial or mechanical means which, either alone or in conjunction with additional artificial or mechanical means not found, could be used for altering or facilitating the alteration of the index of the fuel-measuring equipment, or which would make the fuel-measuring equipment false or unjust in measuring or indicating the quantity of motor fuel in any fuel supply tank of that motor vehicle, the person having custody or control of the motor vehicle at the time the artificial or mechanical means are found is presumed, until the contrary is proved, to have abetted the alteration of the fuel-measuring equipment in contravention of subsection (1). [25/2011] (4) In this section and section 6B, “fuel-measuring equipment”, in relation to a motor vehicle, means any instrument or appliance, or a combination of instruments or appliances, capable of or constructed for measuring or indicating or measuring and indicating the quantity of motor fuel in any fuel supply tank of the motor vehicle and includes in particular any fuel gauge or fuel sensoring device. [25/2011; 23/2013]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s6B
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 6B
title: Leaving Singapore in motor vehicle with altered fuel‑measuring equipment
content:
6B. —(1) Any person, being in charge of a motor vehicle, who leaves or attempts to leave Singapore in the motor vehicle knowing that the fuel‑measuring equipment of the motor vehicle has been altered for the purpose of preventing it from duly measuring or indicating the quantity of motor fuel in any fuel supply tank of the motor vehicle shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months. [23/2013] (2) In proceedings for an offence under subsection (1), it is presumed until the contrary is proved — ( a ) that the person in charge of a motor vehicle has attempted to leave Singapore in the motor vehicle if the motor vehicle is driven past the Customs gantry before the departure bay of the Immigration Checkpoint at any place prescribed for the purposes of section 136 of the Customs Act 1960; and ( b ) that the person in charge of a motor vehicle knew that the fuel‑measuring equipment of the motor vehicle has been altered for the purpose of preventing it from duly measuring or indicating the quantity of motor fuel in the fuel supply tank if there is found in the motor vehicle or on him or her, at the time he or she leaves or attempts to leave Singapore in the motor vehicle, any artificial or mechanical means which, either alone or in conjunction with additional artificial or mechanical means (whether or not found) — (i) could be used for altering or facilitating the alteration of the index of the fuel‑measuring equipment of the motor vehicle; or (ii) would make the fuel‑measuring equipment false or unjust in measuring or indicating the quantity of motor fuel in any fuel supply tank of the motor vehicle. [23/2013]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s6C
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 6C
title: Trials and use of autonomous motor vehicles, etc.
content:
6C. —(1) The Minister may make rules to — ( a ) provide for the regulation by the Authority of — (i) the undertaking of any trial of automated vehicle technology or an autonomous motor vehicle on any road (called in this section and sections 6D and 6E an approved trial), despite section 5; or (ii) the use on a road of an autonomous motor vehicle (called in this section and sections 6D and 6E an approved special use), despite section 5; ( b ) require the person authorised under the rules to undertake the approved trial or carry out the approved special use (called in this section and section 6D the specified person) — (i) to have in place liability insurance before the approved trial or approved special use starts, and to ensure that it is in force at all times during the period of the approved trial or approved special use; or (ii) to deposit with the Authority a security of a type, and of an amount not lower than an amount, prescribed in those rules; ( c ) require the specified person to cause to be published (at the person’s cost), before the approved trial or approved special use starts, a notice about the approved trial or approved special use, in a manner as will secure adequate publicity for the approved trial or approved special use, including — (i) the area or areas of Singapore in which the trial or special use is approved to be undertaken or carried out; (ii) the period during which the trial or special use is approved to take place; and (iii) the name of each person participating in the approved trial or who may carry out the approved special use; ( d ) provide for grant of an authorisation by the Authority to the specified person to undertake an approved trial or carry out an approved special use to be subject to conditions, and for the modification of those conditions by the Authority from time to time after affording the specified person concerned a reasonable opportunity to be heard; ( e ) limit the period that an approved trial or approved special use may be undertaken or carried out; ( f ) prescribe the weather and any climatic or other circumstances when an approved trial or approved special use may or may not be undertaken or carried out, as the case may be; ( g ) prescribe the construction, design or use of infrastructure technology, equipment or devices in relation to the autonomous motor vehicle or automated vehicle technology involved in the approved trial or approved special use, including requiring that the vehicle — (i) be equipped to capture and store sensor data and video footage from the vehicle; and (ii) have a failure alert system that allows a specified person or participant in the approved trial or approved special use to take immediate manual control of the vehicle when a failure of the autonomous system or other emergency is detected; ( h ) prescribe the use of the autonomous motor vehicles in the approved trial or approved special use, and their construction, design and equipment, for the safety of other road users or for public safety or both; ( i ) require the keeping of records by the specified person, and the giving of information to the Authority or any other person designated by the Authority (such as sensor data and video footage from the autonomous motor vehicle) about the approved trial or approved special use undertaken or carried out, including the automated vehicle technology involved in the trial or special use; ( j ) provide the grounds under which any authorisation granted under the rules to undertake an approved trial or carry out an approved special use may be cancelled in whole or part, or suspended in whole or part, after affording the specified person concerned a reasonable opportunity to be heard unless it is not practicable or desirable to do so in the circumstances of the case, including if — (i) the Authority is of the opinion that it is no longer in the public interest for the approved trial or approved special use to continue; or (ii) the specified person authorised to undertake the approved trial or carry out the approved special use contravenes or has contravened, or fails or has failed to comply with, a condition of its authorisation, a condition of an exemption contained in the rules or any other provision in the rules; ( k ) provide for a right to appeal to the Minister (whose decision on appeal is final) against any decision made by the Authority under the rules cancelling or suspending any authorisation granted under the rules to undertake an approved trial or carry out an approved special use, and the procedure for those appeals; ( l ) prescribe the fees (either by specifying amounts or by prescribing a method of calculation) in relation to applications or requests to, or the doing of anything by, the Authority under the rules made under this section; ( m ) provide that any contravention of any provision of the rules made under this section shall be an offence punishable with a fine not exceeding $10,000; and ( n ) prescribe any saving and transitional provisions that may be necessary or expedient. [10/2017] (2) In making any rules under this section for an approved trial or approved special use, the Minister must take reasonable steps to prevent information — ( a ) that is commercially sensitive in nature; and ( b ) that is the subject of a request to the Minister by a person connected with the approved trial or approved special use, or the proposed approved trial or proposed approved special use, for the information to be kept confidential, from being published or otherwise made public under this Part. [10/2017] (3) This section and all rules made under this section continue in force until the end of 24 August 2027. [12/2021] (4) The Minister may at any time before the end of the period mentioned in subsection (3), revoke or amend any rules made under this section and without affording anyone prior opportunity to be heard. [10/2017] (5) All rules made under this section must be presented to Parliament as soon as possible after publication in the Gazette . [10/2017] (6) In this section, “liability insurance”, in relation to an approved trial or approved special use, means a policy of insurance indemnifying the owner and any authorised driver or operator of a vehicle or trailer used in that trial or special use — ( a ) in relation to death or bodily injury caused by, or arising out of, the use of the vehicle or trailer on a road; and ( b ) in relation to damage to property caused by, or arising out of, the use of the vehicle or trailer on a road. [10/2017]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s6D
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 6D
title: Exemptions and modified application of laws to approved trials and special uses
content:
6D. —(1) Rules made under section 6C for an approved trial or an approved special use may, for the purpose of that trial or special use — ( a ) exempt (with or without conditions) from the application of section 5 or other specified provisions of this Act or its subsidiary legislation, or any other applicable written law, any of the following: (i) the specified person authorised to undertake the approved trial or carry out the approved special use; (ii) any other person or class of persons participating in the approved trial or carrying out the approved special use; (iii) any vehicle or trailer used in the approved trial or approved special use; and ( b ) provide for the application of specified provisions of this Act or its subsidiary legislation, or any other applicable written law, affecting — (i) the specified person authorised to undertake the approved trial or carry out the approved special use; (ii) any other person or class of persons participating in the approved trial or carrying out the approved special use; or (iii) any vehicle or trailer used in the approved trial or approved special use, with prescribed exceptions, modifications and adaptations. [10/2017; 20/2019] (2) Where a provision of this Act or its subsidiary legislation mentioned in subsection (1)( a ) or ( b ) is not a law which the Minister is charged with the responsibility for, the Minister must consult with the Minister charged with the responsibility for law and order before granting the exemption or modifying the provision, as the case may be. [10/2017] (3) If a person contravenes or fails to comply with a condition of an exemption contained in any rules made under section 6C, the exemption does not, while the contravention or non‑compliance continues, operate in that person’s favour. [10/2017] (4) If, by virtue of subsection (3), a person is guilty of an offence under a provision of this Act or its subsidiary legislation from which the person was exempted by an exemption, the person may be proceeded against for that offence. [10/2017] (5) In this section, “other applicable written law” means — ( a ) the Bus Services Industry Act 2015; ( b ) the Motor Vehicles (Third‑Party Risks and Compensation) Act 1960; ( c ) the Point‑to‑Point Passenger Transport Industry Act 2019; or ( d ) the Public Transport Council Act 1987. [20/2019]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s6E
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 6E
title: Interfering with autonomous motor vehicle trial, etc.
content:
6E. —(1) A person who, without reasonable excuse — ( a ) hinders or obstructs an approved trial or the carrying out of an approved special use; or ( b ) interferes with any equipment or device in or on an autonomous motor vehicle, or relating to any automated vehicle technology, used in an approved trial or approved special use, shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000. [10/2017] (2) In proceedings for an offence under subsection (1), it is a defence for the defendant to prove, on a balance of probabilities, that the defendant did not know, and could not reasonably have known, that the activity that caused the hindrance, obstruction or interference would cause the hindrance, obstruction or interference, as the case may be. [10/2017] (3) To avoid doubt, this section does not affect the operation of the Computer Misuse Act 1993. [10/2017; 9/2018]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s7
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 7
title: Savings
content:
7. Nothing in this Part authorises any person to use any vehicle or trailer so constructed or used as to cause a public or private nuisance or be deemed to affect the liability by virtue of any act or otherwise of the driver or owner so using such a vehicle.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s9
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 9
title: Appointment of Registrar, Deputy Registrar and assistant registrars
content:
9. —(1) The Authority must appoint one of its officers as the Registrar of Vehicles who must carry out any duties that may be assigned to him or her under this Act and the rules. [10/2017] (2) The Authority may appoint from among its officers a Deputy Registrar and any number of assistant registrars that may be required for the purposes of this Act. (3) The Authority may give to the Registrar any directions, not inconsistent with the provisions of this Act, that it may consider necessary for carrying out the provisions of this Part, and may vary or revoke those directions, and the Registrar must comply with any directions so given. (4) The Registrar must make publicly available the forms of licences and of applications for the licences and all declarations, notices, returns, books of accounts and other documents required by the rules or otherwise by law required with respect to any matter to which this Act relates. [10/2017]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s10
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 10
title: Registration of vehicles
content:
10. —(1) Except as otherwise provided by this Act and the rules, no person may keep or use a vehicle unless it has been registered under this Act and its registration under this Act has not been cancelled. [10/2017] (2) The Registrar may charge any fees that may be prescribed for the registration of a vehicle under this Act. (3) Any person who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $2,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both and, in the case of a second or subsequent conviction, to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months or to both. [10/2017]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s10A
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 10A
title: Vehicles not to be registered without permits issued by Registrar
content:
10A. —(1) No vehicle may be registered or, except as otherwise provided by this Act and the rules, continue to be registered under this Act unless there is in force a permit issued by the Registrar authorising the registration of the vehicle. [10/2017] (2) Except as otherwise provided by this Act or the rules, a permit must be issued upon the payment of a levy. [10/2017] (3) The Minister may by notification in the Gazette , prescribe a limit on the number of permits to be issued by the Registrar under subsection (1) and the Minister may prescribe different limits for vehicles belonging to any category, class or description. (4) The Minister may make rules for carrying out or giving effect to this section and, in particular, the rules may — ( a ) provide for the issue of permits under this section to successful applicants who submitted bids for the permits; ( b ) require fees and deposits to be paid for the submission of applications for the issue of permits under this section, and provide for the forfeiture of deposits for non-compliance with any conditions governing the submission of such applications; ( c ) prescribe the levy, or the method or manner for determining the amount of the levy, payable for a permit issued or transferred under this section; ( d ) prescribe the period for which a permit issued under this section is in force and different periods may be prescribed for vehicles belonging to different categories, classes or descriptions; ( e ) prescribe the conditions upon which permits are issued or transferred under this section; ( f ) provide for a rebate on all or any part of the levy payable for the issue or transfer of a permit under this section, in such circumstances as may be permitted by the rules; ( g ) provide for the cancellation of a permit issued or transferred under this section and the refund of all or part of the levy paid for the issue or transfer of the permit in such circumstances as may be permitted by the rules; ( h ) provide for the transfer of permits under this section at any time prior to the registration of a vehicle authorised by the permit; ( ha ) provide for the transfer of permits under this section to facilitate the replacement of defective vehicles; ( i ) provide for the issue of permits, whether with or without the payment of a levy, for vehicles which were registered under this Act prior to 2 April 1990; ( j ) provide for the renewal of a permit before or after its expiry and the levy and any other fee to be paid therefor; ( k ) exempt any particular vehicle or class of vehicles from the payment of the levy for a permit issued or transferred under this section; and ( l ) provide for all matters which are required or permitted to be prescribed or which are necessary or convenient to be prescribed for carrying out or giving effect to this section. [7/2012]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s10B
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 10B
title: Heavy vehicle not to be registered without valid vehicle parking certificate
content:
10B. —(1) No heavy vehicle may be registered under this Act unless the person applying for the registration of the heavy vehicle satisfies the Registrar that the person has been issued by the relevant authority under the Parking Places Act 1974 with a vehicle parking certificate or any other document in respect of the parking of the heavy vehicle for the period for which the heavy vehicle is to be licensed. (2) In this section and sections 19(3)( f ) and 34(1)( r ), “heavy vehicle” has the meaning given by the Parking Places Act 1974. [4/2006]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s11
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 11
title: Charge of tax on vehicles
content:
11. —(1) Subject to the provisions of this Act and the rules, a tax must be charged in respect of — ( a ) the first registration of every vehicle under this Act; ( aa ) the registration under this Act of a de‑registered vehicle; and ( b ) every vehicle used or kept on any road in Singapore. [23/2013; 10/2017] (2) The tax must be paid upon a licence to be taken out by the person keeping the vehicle. (3) The tax chargeable under subsection (1)( a ) or ( aa ) in respect of a vehicle is of such an amount as the Minister may prescribe and the Minister may prescribe different taxes for vehicles of different classes, categories or descriptions or vehicles used for different purposes. [23/2013] (4) The tax chargeable under subsection (1)( b ) in respect of a vehicle of any description is chargeable by reference to such annual or semi-annual rate as may be prescribed by the Minister from time to time. (5) Any rates prescribed by the Minister may be so made to apply only to vehicles of a specified class, category or description and the Minister may prescribe different rates for vehicles of different classes, categories or descriptions or vehicles used for different purposes. (6) The Minister may, subject to any conditions that he or she thinks fit to impose, prescribe — ( a ) a rebate on all or any part of the tax payable for vehicles of a specified class, category or description; and ( b ) different rates of rebate or the methods for determining the amount of the rebate for vehicles of different classes, categories or descriptions or vehicles used for different purposes. (7) For the purposes of the tax, insofar as it is chargeable in respect of the use or keeping of a vehicle on a road, a vehicle is deemed — ( a ) to be chargeable with the like tax as on the occasion of the issue of the vehicle licence or last vehicle licence issued for the vehicle under this Act, and to be so chargeable by reference to the prescribed rate applicable to the vehicle on that occasion; or ( b ) if no vehicle licence has been issued for the vehicle under this Act, to be chargeable by reference to the prescribed rate applicable to the vehicle. (7A) In respect of a replacement vehicle — ( a ) the tax chargeable under subsection (1)( a ) applies as if the replacement vehicle had been first registered under this Act on the same date as the defective vehicle which it replaced; and ( b ) the tax chargeable under subsection (1)( b ) applies as if the replacement vehicle had been used or kept on any road in Singapore since that same date. [7/2012] (8) Nothing in this section operates so as to render lawful the keeping of a vehicle for any period, in any manner or at any place, if to do so would be unlawful apart from this section. (9) Any person who gives any incorrect information in relation to any matter affecting the amount of tax chargeable under this section shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months, and the court shall order the person to also pay the amount of tax which has been undercharged. [12/2021] (9A) The amount of tax undercharged which is ordered under subsection (9) to be paid may be recovered according to the law for the time being in force for the recovery of fines. [12/2021] (10) The Registrar may compound any offence punishable under subsection (9) by collecting from the person reasonably suspected of having committed the offence a sum not exceeding $1,000 and the amount of the tax undercharged, and may before judgment stay or compound any proceedings thereunder.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s11AA
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 11AA
title: Vehicular emissions tax
content:
11AA. —(1) In addition to the taxes under section 11, a tax (called in this Act the vehicular emissions tax) is to be charged in respect of the first registration, on or after 1 January 2018, of any taxable vehicle, being a vehicle — ( a ) that is within a prescribed class or category, or of a prescribed description; and ( b ) that has an emission level for any prescribed vehicular emission (including a deemed emission level) that exceeds the maximum level of the neutral emission band prescribed for the vehicle. [24/2017] (2) The vehicular emissions tax under subsection (1) — ( a ) must be paid upon the first registration of a taxable vehicle by the person keeping the taxable vehicle; and ( b ) is the amount prescribed for that taxable vehicle. [37/2012; 24/2017] (3) Where a person who is registered as the owner of a vehicle (called in this section the replaced vehicle) replaces that vehicle with another vehicle (called in this section the replacement vehicle) that is a taxable vehicle, the person must pay a tax — ( a ) of an amount by which the vehicular emissions tax chargeable on the replacement vehicle (calculated for the purposes of this subsection as if the replacement vehicle was first registered on the same date as the replaced vehicle), exceeds the vehicular emissions tax chargeable on the replaced vehicle; or ( b ) if any carbon emissions tax was chargeable on the replaced vehicle, of an amount by which the carbon emissions tax chargeable on the replacement vehicle (calculated for the purposes of this subsection as if the replacement vehicle was first registered on the same date as the replaced vehicle), exceeds the carbon emissions tax chargeable on the replaced vehicle. [24/2017] (4) The difference in tax mentioned in subsection (3) is payable to the Registrar without demand within the prescribed time from the date the Registrar registers the particulars of the replacement vehicle. [37/2012] (5) The Minister may, subject to any conditions that he or she thinks fit to impose, prescribe — ( a ) a rebate on all or any part of the tax payable under section 11(1)( a ) for any taxable vehicle that has an emission level for any one or more prescribed vehicular emissions, that is below the minimum level of the neutral emission band prescribed for that emission in relation to a vehicle of that class, category or description, or used for a particular purpose; and ( b ) different amounts of rebate or different methods for determining the amount of the rebate for taxable vehicles of different classes, categories or descriptions or used for different purposes. [24/2017] (6) The Minister may make rules for carrying out or giving effect to this section and for prescribing anything which may be prescribed under this section and, in particular, the rules may — ( a ) prescribe different amounts of vehicular emissions tax chargeable for taxable vehicles of different classes, categories or descriptions or used for different purposes; ( b ) prescribe different neutral emission bands for different prescribed vehicular emissions; ( c ) prescribe different neutral emission bands for vehicles of different classes, categories or descriptions or used for different purposes; and ( d ) provide for the method or criteria for the method of determining or deeming the emission level of any prescribed vehicular emission of any taxable vehicle, and provide different methods or criteria for taxable vehicles of different classes, categories or descriptions or used for different purposes. [24/2017] (7) Nothing in this section operates so as to render lawful the keeping of a vehicle for any period, in any manner or at any place, if to do so would be unlawful apart from this section. [37/2012] (8) Any person who gives any incorrect information in relation to any matter affecting the amount of vehicular emissions tax chargeable or any rebate that may be granted under this section shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months, and the court shall order the person to also pay the amount of vehicular emissions tax, or the tax payable under section 11(1)( a ), which has been undercharged. [37/2012; 24/2017; 12/2021] (8A) The amount of the vehicular emissions tax, or the tax payable under section 11(1)( a ), which has been undercharged and ordered under subsection (8) to be paid may be recovered according to the law for the time being in force for the recovery of fines. [12/2021] (9) The Registrar may — ( a ) compound any offence punishable under subsection (8) by collecting from the person reasonably suspected of having committed the offence — (i) a sum not exceeding $1,000; and (ii) the amount of the vehicular emissions tax, or the tax payable under section 11(1)( a ), which has been undercharged; and ( b ) compound any offence punishable under subsection (8) as in force immediately before 1 January 2018, by collecting from the person reasonably suspected of having committed the offence — (i) a sum not exceeding $1,000; and (ii) the amount of the carbon emissions tax, or the tax payable under section 11(1)( a ), which has been undercharged, and may before judgment stay or compound any proceedings thereunder. [24/2017] (10) In this section — “carbon emissions tax” means the tax chargeable under section 11AA(1) as in force immediately before 1 January 2018; “neutral emission band”, in respect of any vehicular emission, means the range of emissions from a minimum level to a maximum level, prescribed for a vehicle of any class, category or description or used for any purpose; “vehicular emission” means a pollutant that is attributable to the combined driving cycle of a vehicle. [24/2017]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s11A
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 11A
title: Restricted licences and supplementary licences
content:
11A. —(1) The Registrar may, upon application by the owner of a motor vehicle in such circumstances as may be prescribed, issue a licence subject to the restriction that the motor vehicle must not be driven on any road or on any specified road during specified days or times unless there is in force a supplementary licence for that motor vehicle. (2) The Minister may make rules for carrying out or giving effect to this section and, in particular, those rules may — ( a ) provide for the issue of supplementary licences, whether at prescribed fees or without charge, and regulate their use and exhibition; and ( b ) provide for all matters necessary or incidental to allow subsection (1) to apply or cease to apply to motor vehicles of any description, including the re-registration of the vehicles and the imposition of any fee or levy in connection with the re-registration. (3) Any person who drives a motor vehicle, issued with a licence subject to the restriction mentioned in subsection (1), in contravention of the restriction or any owner of such a motor vehicle who causes or permits the vehicle to be so driven shall be guilty of an offence and shall on conviction be punished with — ( a ) a fine not exceeding $5,000; and ( b ) in the case of a second or subsequent conviction, a fine not exceeding $10,000. (4) Any person who — ( a ) falsifies an identification mark or plate prescribed in the case of a motor vehicle issued with a licence subject to the restriction mentioned in subsection (1); or ( b ) displays, or causes or permits to be displayed, a falsified identification mark or plate on the motor vehicle, shall be guilty of an offence and shall on conviction be punished with a fine not exceeding $20,000 or with imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or with both. (5) Despite the provisions of any written law to the contrary, a District Court or Magistrate’s Court has the jurisdiction to try any offence under this section and to impose the maximum penalty prescribed therefor.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s11B
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 11B
title: Taxes and fees payable upon loss of exempt status
content:
11B. —(1) This section applies to and in relation to any vehicle in respect of which a relevant impost is otherwise payable upon the first registration, continued registration or the keeping or use on roads, of the vehicle, if not for any of the following events (whether happening before, on or after the date of commencement of section 6 of the Road Traffic (Amendment) Act 2021): ( a ) the operation of section 14 which is repealed by the Road Traffic (Amendment) Act 2021; ( b ) an exemption under section 33; ( c ) an exemption under any order made under section 142. (2) Upon the happening, on or after the date of commencement of section 6 of the Road Traffic (Amendment) Act 2021, of a disqualifying event for a relevant impost relating to a vehicle which has not ceased to be kept or used on any road in Singapore and has not been destroyed or removed from Singapore, a tax is payable as follows: ( a ) upon the happening of the earlier of the following: (i) at the end of one month after the disqualifying event for the relevant impost happens; (ii) the re‑registration of the vehicle after the disqualifying event for the relevant impost; ( b ) at the end of any period of extension allowed by the Registrar for payment of that tax. (3) The tax under subsection (2) is payable and recoverable from the person who is keeping or using the vehicle when the disqualifying event happens for a relevant impost with respect to that vehicle. (4) The tax under subsection (2) with respect to a vehicle is as follows, whichever being applicable: ( a ) where the disqualifying event relates to any tax payable under section 11 upon the first registration of a vehicle — an amount worked out in the prescribed manner, which must not exceed the amount of the tax that would have been payable under section 11(1)( a ) on the first registration of the vehicle if not for an event in subsection (1)( a ), ( b ) or ( c ); ( b ) where the disqualifying event relates to any levy payable under section 10A — an amount worked out in the prescribed manner, which must not exceed the amount of the levy that would have been payable under section 10A(2) on the first registration of the vehicle with a permit if not for an event in subsection (1)( a ), ( b ) or ( c ); ( c ) where the disqualifying event relates to any other relevant impost — an amount worked out in the prescribed manner, which must not exceed the total amount of the relevant impost that would have been payable if the event in subsection (1)( a ), ( b ) or ( c ) did not happen. (5) To avoid doubt, a vehicle to which this section applies may be the subject of different disqualifying events for different relevant imposts. (6) To ascertain the relevant impost that was not payable upon the first registration, continued registration or the keeping or use on roads, of the vehicle concerned, any rebate from that relevant impost that may be claimed under section 11 when the vehicle was first registered must be reckoned. (7) Any person who gives any incorrect information in relation to any matter affecting the amount of tax chargeable under this section shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months, and the court shall order the person to pay the amount of tax which has been undercharged. (8) The amount of the tax under this section which has been undercharged and ordered under subsection (7) to be paid may be recovered according to the law for the time being in force for the recovery of fines. (9) The Registrar may compound any offence punishable under subsection (7) by collecting from the person reasonably suspected of having committed the offence a sum not exceeding $1,000 and the amount of the tax undercharged, and may before judgment stay or compound any proceedings thereunder. (10) In this section — “disqualifying event”, in relation to a relevant impost for a vehicle, means any of the following, whichever happens first: ( a ) the expiry of any period the relevant impost is not payable with respect to the vehicle because of an event in subsection (1)( a ), ( b ) or ( c ); ( b ) the cancellation of the registration of the vehicle under section 27(1) or (1A); ( c ) the first breach of any condition (whether a condition precedent or a condition subsequent) that the exemption described in subsection (1)( a ), ( b ) or ( c ) with respect to the vehicle is subject; “relevant impost”, in relation to any vehicle, means any of the following taxes, fees or levies otherwise payable in respect of the vehicle if not for an event in subsection (1)( a ), ( b ) or ( c ): ( a ) any fee payable under section 10; ( b ) any levy payable under section 10A(2); ( c ) any tax payable under section 11; ( d ) any carbon emission tax payable under section 11AA as in force immediately before 1 January 2018, or any vehicular emission tax payable under that section as in force on or after that date. [Act 12 of 2021 wef 03/01/2022]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s12
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 12
title: Vehicles licensed outside Singapore
content:
12. —(1) Where any vehicle not registered under this Act is kept or used on any road in Singapore by a person who is — ( a ) a citizen of Singapore; ( b ) a resident of Singapore; or ( c ) the holder of a work pass issued under the Employment of Foreign Manpower Act 1990, the tax chargeable under section 11(1)( a ) must be paid in respect of the vehicle by the person keeping or using it in Singapore as if that vehicle is first registered and used in Singapore. [30/2007] (2) Any person who has in his or her possession or comes into possession of, or uses, a motor vehicle in respect of which a licence issued under the provisions of any law of any country relating to motor vehicles is in force must inform the Registrar, within the prescribed period, if he or she is a resident of Singapore or takes up residence in Singapore. (3) For the purposes of this section, a person is deemed to be a resident of Singapore if he or she — ( a ) is a permanent resident of Singapore, even though he or she may not have a place of residence in Singapore; or [Act 31 of 2023 wef 31/12/2024] ( b ) resides in Singapore for a continuous period of 6 months and any temporary period or periods of absence during that period is immaterial. (4) Any person who fails to comply with subsection (2) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $2,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months and, in the case of a second or subsequent conviction, to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s13
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 13
title: Commencement and duration of licences
content:
13. —(1) A vehicle licence may be taken out — ( a ) for any period of 6 months or 12 months; and ( b ) for any shorter period that the Registrar may approve, and is to, unless the Registrar otherwise determines, first have effect on the first day of the month in which the licence is applied for or on the day following the expiry of the last vehicle licence issued for the vehicle under this Act. (2) A licence which first has effect before the day on which it is issued shall not affect any criminal liability incurred before that day. 14. [ Repealed by Act 12 of 2021 wef 03/01/2022 ]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s15
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 15
title: Using and keeping of vehicle without licence
content:
15. Any person who uses or keeps on any road any vehicle for which a licence is not in force, not being a vehicle exempted from tax under this Act by virtue of the provisions of any written law, shall be guilty of an offence and — ( a ) shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $2,000; or ( b ) if it has been proved to the satisfaction of the court that the person had the intention to evade payment of any tax chargeable under this Act, shall be punished on conviction with a fine of an amount equal to 3 times the tax payable — (i) if a vehicle licence had been taken out for the period, beginning with the expiry of the vehicle licence last in force for the vehicle before the date of the offence; or (ii) if there has not at any time before that date a vehicle licence in force for the vehicle, beginning with the first day of the month in which the vehicle was first kept by that person, and ending with the last day of the month during which the offence was committed.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s16
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 16
title: Presumption as to use or keeping of vehicle
content:
16. —(1) For the purposes of this Part, it is presumed, until the contrary is proved, that a person keeps or uses a vehicle on a road in Singapore if it is proved — ( a ) for a vehicle registered under this Act, that the person is, at the material time, recorded as the owner of that vehicle in a register of vehicles; ( b ) for a vehicle the registration of which under this Act is cancelled under section 27(1) or has lapsed, that the person is last recorded as the owner of that vehicle in a register of vehicles; or ( c ) for a vehicle that is not registered under this Act and is not a vehicle mentioned in paragraph ( b ), that the person has a legal right to possession of the vehicle (including any person who has the use of the vehicle under a lease or hire‑purchase agreement, but not the lessor while the vehicle is being leased under any such agreement). [10/2017] (2) In subsection (1), “register of vehicles” means the register required by rules made under section 34 to be maintained by the Authority for the purposes of section 10. [10/2017]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s17
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 17
title: Continuous liability for duty
content:
17. —(1) Subject to this section, a person who for any period keeps a vehicle in respect of which tax under this Act has at any time become chargeable shall, whether or not it is still a mechanically propelled vehicle, be liable to pay tax under this Act in respect of the vehicle for that period. (2) A person shall not be liable by virtue of subsection (1) to pay tax under this Act in respect of a vehicle — ( a ) for any period for which tax under this Act in respect of the vehicle has been paid and has not been repaid in consequence of the surrender of a licence; ( b ) for any period in respect of which the person has, in accordance with the rules, given notice to the Registrar that the vehicle will not be used or kept on a public road during that period; and ( c ) for any period by reference to which there was calculated an amount ordered to be paid by the person as a fine pursuant to section 15( b ). [29/2018] (3) A person is not, by virtue of subsection (2)( b ), exempt from the person’s liability for any period under subsection (1) in respect of a vehicle if at any time during that period the person or any other person with the firstmentioned person’s consent uses or keeps the vehicle on a public road and no vehicle licence is in force for the vehicle at that time. (4) For the purposes of subsection (3), the consent mentioned in that subsection is presumed to have been given unless the contrary is shown, but any use or keeping of the vehicle in question as respects which the vehicle is exempt by virtue of any written law for the time being in force from tax under this Act is to be disregarded. (5) Sums payable under this section by way of tax in respect of a vehicle accrue due for every period of a calendar month at one‑sixth of the semi-annual rate of tax applicable to the vehicle at the relevant time.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s18
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 18
title: Suit for recovery of tax
content:
18. —(1) Despite the provisions of any other written law, any tax chargeable under this Act may be sued for by way of a specially indorsed originating claim. [Act 25 of 2021 wef 01/04/2022] (2) In any suit under subsection (1), the production of a certificate signed by the Registrar giving the name and address of the defendant and the amount of tax from the defendant in respect of any vehicle kept by the defendant is sufficient evidence of the amount due and sufficient authority for the court to give judgment for that amount.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s19
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 19
title: Issue and exhibition of licences
content:
19. —(1) Every person applying for a vehicle licence must make such a declaration and furnish such particulars with respect to the vehicle for which the licence is to be taken out or otherwise as may be prescribed. (2) Subject to the provisions of this Act as to general licences and provisions as to the transfer of licences to replacement vehicles, every vehicle licence is issued for the vehicle specified in the application for the licence and does not entitle the person to whom it is issued to use or keep any other vehicle. [7/2012] (3) The Registrar is not required to issue any vehicle licence for which application is made unless he or she is satisfied — ( a ) that the licence applied for is the appropriate licence for the vehicle specified in the application and all fees and taxes due and payable in respect of the vehicle and any penalty recoverable from the registered owner of the vehicle under this Act or the rules have been paid; ( b ) in the case of an application for a licence for a vehicle purporting to be the first application for a licence for the vehicle, that a licence has not previously been issued for that vehicle; ( c ) that there is no warrant of arrest issued under section 120 of the Criminal Procedure Code 2010 against the applicant in respect of any offence committed by the applicant under this Act or the rules or any written law specified in Part 1 of the First Schedule; ( d ) that either — (i) for the period of the licence there will be in force the policy of insurance or the security required by law in relation to the use of the motor vehicle by the applicant or by other persons on the applicant’s order or with the applicant’s permission; or (ii) the motor vehicle is a vehicle to which section 3 of the Motor Vehicles (Third-Party Risks and Compensation) Act 1960 does not apply at any time when it is being driven by the owner thereof or by an employee of the owner in the course of the employee’s employment or is otherwise subject to the control of the owner; ( e ) in the case of a motor vehicle to which section 91 applies, that a test certificate in respect of the vehicle has been issued at any time within 3 months prior to the issue of the vehicle licence or within any other period that the Registrar may approve; and ( f ) in the case of a heavy vehicle, that for the period of the licence there will be in force a vehicle parking certificate or such other document issued by the relevant authority under the Parking Places Act 1974 in respect of the parking of the heavy vehicle. [15/2010; 10/2017] (4) Without affecting subsection (3), the Registrar may refuse to issue a vehicle licence if he or she is satisfied that the vehicle in respect of which the licence is to be issued is registered in the name of a person who, pursuant to a warrant of court, has been arrested in connection with an offence under this Act or the rules or any written law specified in Part 1 of the First Schedule and the offence has not been tried and determined by the court. [10/2017] (5) Rules made under this Act may provide for the issue of a new licence in the place of a licence which has been damaged, rendered illegible, lost or destroyed, and for the information to be furnished and the fee to be paid for the issue of a new licence. [4/2006] (6) Any vehicle licence may be transferred in the prescribed manner. (7) Subject to subsection (8), the Minister may, by notification in the Gazette , amend Part 1 of the First Schedule. (8) The Minister must, before exercising his or her powers under subsection (7), consult the Minister responsible for the written law to which the amendment relates.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s20
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 20
title: Number of persons carried on vehicle
content:
20. —(1) The Registrar may determine and enter in the records maintained under rules made under section 34(1)( g ) the maximum number of persons that may be carried in a heavy motor car or motor car or on a motor cycle, and must inform the registered owner of the vehicle of that number. [4/2006] (2) Any person who drives a motor vehicle carrying persons in excess of the maximum number of persons determined under subsection (1) for the motor vehicle shall be guilty of an offence. [4/2006]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s21
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 21
title: Late application for licence
content:
21. If a licence is applied for a vehicle after the date of expiry of the last licence issued for the vehicle, a late application fee as may be prescribed is payable for the issue of the licence. [4/2006]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s22
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 22
title: Surrender of licences
content:
22. The holder of a licence may at any time surrender the licence to the Registrar in the prescribed manner and on so surrendering the licence is entitled, if the holder satisfies the prescribed requirements, to receive from the Registrar, by way of rebate of tax paid upon the surrendered licence, a sum equal to the amount of tax which had been charged for the remaining number of calendar months or part thereof for which the licence would have been in force.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s23
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 23
title: Vehicle destroyed, exported, etc.
content:
23. —(1) The holder of a licence may at any time notify the Registrar that the holder’s vehicle has been destroyed or exported or will cease to be kept or used on any road. (2) Except as otherwise prescribed, the Registrar, on being satisfied in any manner that he or she requires that the vehicle has been destroyed or exported or will cease to be kept or used on any road, must refund to the holder of the licence a sum equal to the amount which has been charged for the number of calendar months or part thereof for which the licence would have continued to be in force. [7/2012]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s23A
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 23A
title:
Duty of manufacturers and dealers to notify Registrar and owners of safety-related defects in vehicles

content:
23A. —(1) Any person being a manufacturer or dealer of vehicles must, on becoming aware of any safety-related defect in any vehicle manufactured or sold by the person, cause a notice of the defect to be given to — ( a ) the Registrar; ( b ) each person who has obtained such a vehicle from the manufacturer or dealer; and ( c ) each current owner of such a vehicle as determined from — (i) any warranty issued by the manufacturer or dealer with respect to the functioning of the vehicle that has, to the knowledge of the manufacturer or dealer, been given, sold or transferred to the current owner; or (ii) the vehicle registration records as kept by the Registrar. (2) Where the Registrar is satisfied that the name of the current owner of a vehicle cannot reasonably be determined by a manufacturer or dealer in accordance with subsection (1)( c ), the Registrar may — ( a ) order the manufacturer or dealer to give notice of the defect by publication in all daily newspapers in Singapore or by dissemination in such alternative medium for such period as the Registrar may determine; or ( b ) order that the current owner need not be notified. (3) A notice required to be given under subsection (1) or (2) must be in such form as the Registrar may require and must — ( a ) contain a description of the defect, an evaluation of the safety risk arising from it and the directions for rectifying it; and ( b ) state the time and place at which the person to whom the notice is given may present the person’s vehicle in order that the defect may be rectified by the manufacturer or dealer or the manufacturer’s or dealer’s agent. (4) Any manufacturer or dealer of vehicles who causes any notice to be given under subsection (1) or (2) in connection with any safety‑related defect in any vehicle manufactured or sold by the manufacturer or dealer must — ( a ) within a period of one month from the date on which the notice is given; and ( b ) thereafter, within any subsequent period that the Registrar may require, submit to the Registrar a report in such form and containing such information relating to the safety‑related defect and its rectification as the Registrar may require. (5) Any person who, being a manufacturer or dealer of vehicles — ( a ) fails to comply with the requirements of subsection (1), (3) or (4) or any order given by the Registrar under subsection (2)( a ); or ( b ) fails to rectify or secure the rectification by the person’s agent of any safety-related defect in any vehicle that is presented for rectification pursuant to a notice given by the manufacturer or dealer under this section, shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction — ( c ) to a fine not exceeding $2,000 for each vehicle in respect of which the offence is committed, subject to a maximum fine of $50,000; and ( d ) in the case of a continuing offence, to a further fine not exceeding $500 for every day or part of a day during which the offence continues after conviction. (6) Despite the provisions of any written law to the contrary, a District Court or Magistrate’s Court has jurisdiction to try any offence under subsection (5) and to impose the maximum penalty prescribed therefor under that subsection. (7) Any person who, being the owner of a vehicle in respect of which a notice has been given by a manufacturer or dealer under this section, fails to produce the vehicle for rectification within the period specified in the notice or any other period that the Registrar may allow shall be guilty of an offence. (8) The Authority, with the approval of the Minister, may make rules for the purposes of carrying this section into effect. (9) In this section — “dealer” means a person who is engaged in the business of importing or selling vehicles; “safety-related defect”, in relation to a vehicle, means a feature of the design or construction of the vehicle that is liable to cause significant risk of personal injury or death to any person using the vehicle or any other road user, and includes any defect relating to a component of the vehicle that is bought by the manufacturer of the vehicle from a supplier and sold by the manufacturer of the vehicle together with the vehicle as original equipment.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s24
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 24
title: Alteration of vehicle or of its use
content:
24. —(1) Where a vehicle licence has been taken out for a vehicle at any rate prescribed under this Act and the vehicle is, at any time while the licence is in force, used in an altered condition or in a manner or for a purpose which brings it within, or which if it was used solely in that condition or in that manner or for that purpose would bring it within, a description of vehicle to which a higher rate of tax is applicable under this Act, tax at that higher rate becomes chargeable in respect of the licence for the vehicle. (2) Where tax at a higher rate becomes chargeable under subsection (1) in respect of any vehicle licence, a new vehicle licence is deemed to be in force, for the period beginning with the date on which the higher rate of tax becomes chargeable and expiring at the end of the period for which the original vehicle licence was issued, on payment of the difference between the amount payable on the new licence and the amount to be refunded on the surrender of the original vehicle licence in accordance with section 22. [10/2017] (2A) Subsection (2) does not validate the use of a vehicle between the time a vehicle licence is deemed by that subsection to be in force for that vehicle and the date the vehicle licence is actually issued, if later. [10/2017] (3) Where a vehicle licence has been taken out for a vehicle, and by reason of the vehicle being used as mentioned in subsection (1), a higher rate of tax becomes chargeable and tax at the higher rate was not paid before the vehicle was so used, the person so using the vehicle shall be guilty of an offence.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s25
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 25
title: Visitors’ vehicles
content:
25. —(1) Rules made under this Part may modify the provisions of this Part in the case of motor vehicles brought temporarily by persons resident outside Singapore and intending to make only a temporary stay in Singapore. (2) The rules may — ( a ) provide for the issue of a permit, in respect of a vehicle not registered under this Act that is brought into Singapore from any place outside Singapore (called in this section and section 34D a foreign vehicle), authorising the keeping and use in Singapore of the vehicle for any period that the Registrar may determine; ( b ) prescribe the manner of application for the permit; ( c ) prescribe the fees and charges payable for the issue of the permit in accordance with any rates that may be approved by the Minister; ( d ) prescribe the conditions for the issue of the permit; ( e ) provide for the extension of the period of validity of the permit; ( f ) provide for the cancellation of the permit; ( g ) provide for the permit to be stored in any electronic form that the Authority may determine; ( h ) regulate the use of the permit; ( i ) [ Deleted by Act 1 of 2006 ] ( j ) provide for the levy of a tax for the keeping or use of a foreign vehicle in Singapore in accordance with any rates that may be prescribed by the Minister; ( k ) prescribe the manner in which any fee or tax payable under the rules is to be levied and collected, including the use of electronic or computerised or other facilities, and the use by the foreign vehicle concerned of specified points of exit from Singapore, for that purpose; ( l ) prescribe the records to be kept by the Registrar in connection with the rules; and ( m ) empower the Registrar and any officer authorised by him or her to prohibit the entry by driving into, or exit by driving from, Singapore of any vehicle — (i) if any charge, fee or tax payable in respect of the vehicle under this Act or any of its subsidiary legislation is in arrears; (ii) if any charge or fee payable in respect of the vehicle under the Parking Places Act 1974 or any of its subsidiary legislation is in arrears; or (iii) which the Registrar or officer so authorised reasonably believes has been used in the commission of an offence under this Act or the Parking Places Act 1974 or any subsidiary legislation made under either Act, or under the Environmental Protection and Management (Vehicular Emissions) Regulations. [1/2006; 10/2017; 38/2018] (3) Any rates prescribed by the rules may be made to apply only to vehicles of a specified class, category or description, and the Minister may prescribe different rates for vehicles of different classes, categories or descriptions or for vehicles used for different purposes. (4) Where a person is convicted of an offence under any of the rules, the court before which the person is convicted may, in addition to the punishment prescribed for the offence, order the person to pay the amount of any charges, fees or taxes mentioned in subsection (2)( m ) that may be certified by an officer appointed by the Authority to be due and payable by the person at the date of the person’s conviction, and the amount may be recovered according to the law for the time being in force for the recovery of fines. [10/2017] (5) For the purposes of this section, reference to a person resident outside Singapore does not include a reference to a citizen of Singapore or a permanent resident of Singapore. [Act 31 of 2023 wef 01/12/2025] [10/2017]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s26
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 26
title: Registration and identification marks
content:
26. —(1) On the issue of a licence under this Part for a vehicle other than a bicycle, it is the duty of the Registrar to register the vehicle in the prescribed manner without any further application in that behalf by the person taking out the licence. (2) Subject to this section, the Registrar must assign a separate number to every vehicle registered with him or her and a mark indicating both the registered number of the vehicle and the fact that it has been registered in Singapore must be fixed on the vehicle or on any other vehicle drawn by the vehicle or on both in the prescribed manner. (3) The Registrar must, on any application for the registration of a bicycle made to him or her in the prescribed manner and on payment of the prescribed fee, register the bicycle in the prescribed manner, assigning a separate number to every bicycle registered with him or her, and a mark indicating both the registered number and the fact that it has been registered must be fixed on the bicycle in the prescribed manner. (4) If the mark to be fixed in accordance with this Act is not so fixed, or if being so fixed it is in any way obscured or rendered or allowed to become or to remain not easily distinguishable, the person driving the vehicle or having charge of the vehicle while it is being used shall be guilty of an offence. (5) A person charged under this section with having an obscured mark or with obscuring a mark or rendering or allowing it to become or to remain not easily distinguishable shall not be liable to be convicted on the charge if the person proves that the person has taken all steps reasonably practicable to prevent the mark being obscured or not easily distinguishable. (6) A person shall not be liable to be convicted under this section if the person proves that — ( a ) the person had no reasonable opportunity of registering the vehicle in accordance with this section; and ( b ) the vehicle is being driven on the road for the purpose of being so registered.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s27
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 27
title: Cancellation of registration
content:
27. —(1) The Registrar may cancel the registration of a vehicle — ( a ) if the permit issued under section 10A authorising the registration of the vehicle under this Act has been cancelled or has expired and has not been restored or renewed within the time prescribed therefor by this Act or any rules; ( b ) if no licence under section 19 has been taken out for the vehicle for a period exceeding 3 years by the registered owner who has notified the Registrar that the registered owner will not use the vehicle during that period; ( c ) if the tax chargeable under section 11(1)( b ) has not been paid by the registered owner of the vehicle for a period of 12 months or any longer period; ( d ) if the Registrar is satisfied that the vehicle — (i) has ceased to be kept or used on any road in Singapore; (ii) has been or will, within the prescribed period, be destroyed or removed from Singapore; (iii) has become wholly unfit for further use; or (iv) has been lost through theft or criminal breach of trust and the prescribed period after the loss has lapsed; ( da ) if the Registrar becomes aware of a circumstance that would have required or permitted the Registrar to refuse to register the vehicle, had the Registrar been aware of the circumstance immediately before registering the vehicle; ( e ) if the vehicle exceeds the age-limit prescribed for the class or description of vehicles to which the vehicle belongs; or ( f ) if the vehicle has been forfeited pursuant to any written law. [4/2006; 37/2012; 23/2013; 10/2017] (1A) In addition to subsection (1), the Registrar may cancel the registration of a vehicle registered under any particular class, category or description or purpose of use if the Registrar is satisfied that — ( a ) the vehicle has been so permanently altered (on or after the date of commencement of section 8 of the Road Traffic (Amendment) Act 2021 and whether in the course of repair or otherwise) so as to render its construction, weight and equipment or condition such that the vehicle no longer conforms to the class, category or description it is registered under; or ( b ) the use of the vehicle has so materially changed (on or after the date of commencement of section 8 of the Road Traffic (Amendment) Act 2021) such that the use of the vehicle does not conform to the purpose of use it is registered for. [Act 12 of 2021 wef 03/01/2022] (2) Where the registration of a vehicle is cancelled under subsection (1) or (1A), the registered owner or the person in possession of the vehicle must produce proof to the satisfaction of the Registrar that the vehicle has been removed from all roads in Singapore, or has been destroyed or removed from Singapore, within one month of the date of the cancellation or any other period that the Registrar may approve unless the vehicle is re‑registered within that period. [4/2006; 23/2013] [Act 12 of 2021 wef 03/01/2022] (3) Any person who fails to comply with subsection (2) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $2,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months and, in the case of a second or subsequent conviction, to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months. [4/2006]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s28
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 28
title: General licences
content:
28. —(1) Any person being a manufacturer or repairer of or a dealer in vehicles may apply to the Registrar in the prescribed manner to be allowed, in lieu of taking out a licence under this Part for each vehicle kept or used by the person, to take out a general licence in respect of all vehicles kept or used by the person. (2) Subject to subsection (5), the Registrar, upon receiving an application under subsection (1), may — ( a ) if satisfied as to the bona fides of the applicant; and ( b ) on payment by the applicant of the prescribed levy, issue a general licence to the applicant either unconditionally or subject to any conditions that the Registrar thinks fit to impose. (3) The holder of any licence issued under this section is not entitled by virtue of that licence to use — ( a ) more than one vehicle at any one time except in the case of a motor vehicle drawing a trailer and used for the prescribed purposes; or ( b ) any vehicle for any purpose other than such purposes as may be prescribed. (4) Nothing in this section operates to prevent a person entitled to take out a general licence from holding 2 or more such licences. (5) A general licence must not be issued until the applicant has produced to the Registrar such evidence as the Registrar may require that either — ( a ) for the period of the licence there will be in force the policy of insurance or the security required by law in relation to the use of the vehicle by the applicant or by other persons on the applicant’s order or with the applicant’s permission; or ( b ) the vehicle is a vehicle to which section 3 of the Motor Vehicles (Third-Party Risks and Compensation) Act 1960 does not apply at any time when it is being driven by the owner thereof or by an employee of the owner in the course of the employee’s employment or is otherwise subject to the control of the owner. (6) Provision may be made by rules under this Act for the issue of more than one type of general licence and for assigning a general identification mark to a person holding any licence issued under this section. (7) No general licence may be assigned or transferred and the holder of any general licence who assigns or transfers or attempts to assign or transfer the licence shall be guilty of an offence. (8) The Registrar may suspend or revoke a general licence if he or she is satisfied — ( a ) that the issue of the licence has been procured by fraud or misrepresentation; or ( b ) that the person to whom the general licence was issued has contravened or failed to comply with any of the provisions of this Act or the rules or with any condition of the general licence. [10/2017] (9) Upon the suspension or revocation of a licence under subsection (8), the holder of the general licence must surrender the general licence to the Registrar. (10) If any person is aggrieved by the refusal of the Registrar to issue a general licence or by the suspension or revocation of a general licence, the person may appeal to the Minister. (11) The Minister must, on any appeal, make any order in the matter that he or she thinks just and the Registrar must comply with any order so made. (12) Any order made by the Minister under subsection (11) is final.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s28A
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 28A
title: Special purpose licences
content:
28A. —(1) Any person intending to keep or use any vehicle for purposes of research and development or for any other special purpose (but not an approved trial or approved special use within the meaning of section 6C) may apply to the Registrar for a licence (called in this Part a special purpose licence) allowing the person to keep or use the vehicle on a road. [10/2017] (2) Sections 10 and 11 do not apply in respect of a vehicle that is licensed under this section. (3) Upon receiving an application under subsection (1) and upon payment by the applicant of the prescribed levy, the Registrar may issue a special purpose licence to the applicant either unconditionally or subject to any conditions that the Registrar thinks fit to impose. (4) The Registrar may suspend or cancel a special purpose licence if the vehicle in respect of which the special purpose licence has been issued is kept or used in contravention of — ( a ) any of the provisions of this Act or the rules; or ( b ) any of the conditions subject to which the special purpose licence was issued. [10/2017] (5) The Registrar must not issue a special purpose licence in respect of any vehicle until the applicant for the special purpose licence has produced to the Registrar such evidence as the Registrar may require that either — ( a ) for the period of the special purpose licence there will be in force the policy of insurance or security required by law in relation to the use of the vehicle by the applicant or by any other person on the applicant’s order or with the applicant’s permission; or ( b ) the vehicle is a vehicle to which section 3 of the Motor Vehicles (Third-Party Risks and Compensation) Act 1960 does not apply at any time when it is being driven by the owner thereof or by an employee of the owner in the course of the employee’s employment or when it is otherwise subject to the control of the owner. (6) A special purpose licence issued to any person under this section is not transferable to any other person and the holder of any special purpose licence who transfers or attempts to transfer the holder’s licence to any other person shall be guilty of an offence. (7) A person to whom a special purpose licence is issued under this section must, within one month after the licence is cancelled under subsection (4) or lapses, or any longer period that the Registrar may allow in any particular case, do one of the following in relation to the vehicle in respect of which the special purpose licence was issued: ( a ) register the vehicle; ( b ) remove the vehicle from use on all roads in Singapore and produce proof of that to the satisfaction of the Registrar; ( c ) destroy or export the vehicle and produce proof of that to the satisfaction of the Registrar. [10/2017] (8) A person who fails to comply with subsection (7) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction — ( a ) to a fine not exceeding $2,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months; and ( b ) in the case of a second or subsequent conviction, to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months. [10/2017]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s29
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 29
title: Offences in connection with registration and licensing of vehicles
content:
29. —(1) If any person possesses or uses any vehicle, other than a bicycle or a trishaw, for which a licence under this Part is not in force or causes or permits it to be so used or, being the holder of a general licence or general licences issued under this Act, uses at any one time a greater number of vehicles than the person is authorised to use by virtue of that licence or those licences, the person shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $2,000. [10/2017] (2) If any person uses a bicycle which has not been registered or a trishaw which has not been licensed under this Part, the person shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $100. (3) [ Deleted by Act 10 of 2017 ] (4) Where a licence has been taken out for a motor vehicle to be used solely for a certain purpose and the motor vehicle is, at any time during the period for which the licence is in force, used for some other purpose, the person so using the motor vehicle or causing or permitting it to be so used shall, if the rate of fee chargeable in respect of a licence for a motor vehicle used for that other purpose is higher than the rate chargeable in respect of the licence held by the person, be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $1,000 and, in the case of a second or subsequent conviction, shall in addition be liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months. (5) If in any proceedings under this section any question arises — ( a ) as to the number of motor vehicles used; ( b ) as to the character, weight and horsepower of any motor vehicle; ( c ) as to the number of seats provided in a motor vehicle; or ( d ) as to the purposes for which any motor vehicle has been used, it is sufficient for a witness for the prosecution to give evidence on oath that, in consequence of inquiries which the witness has made or of reports which the witness has received, the witness has reasonable grounds for believing that — ( e ) the number of motor vehicles used; ( f ) the character, weight and horsepower of any motor vehicle; ( g ) the number of seats provided in a motor vehicle; or ( h ) the purposes for which any motor vehicle has been used, or any one or more of these facts was or were such as would be necessary to establish the offence charged. (6) Thereupon the burden is on the defendant to prove that the number of motor vehicles used or the character, weight and horsepower of any motor vehicle, the number of seats provided in a motor vehicle or the purposes for which any motor vehicle has been used (as the case may require) was or were in fact such that the offence charged was not in law committed by the defendant.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s29A
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 29A
title: Court may order offender to pay arrears of taxes
content:
29A. —(1) Where a person is convicted of an offence under section 15 or 29, the court before which the person is convicted may, in addition to the punishment prescribed for the offence, order the person to pay the amount of any taxes as may be certified by an officer appointed by the Authority to be due and payable under section 11(1)( b ) by the person at the date of the person’s conviction. (2) The amount under subsection (1) may be recovered according to the law for the time being in force for the recovery of fines.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s30
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 30
title: Power to seize and sell vehicles
content:
30. —(1) If any tax payable in respect of any vehicle remains unpaid after one month commencing from the date of expiry of the licence last in force for the vehicle, the Registrar may issue a warrant in the prescribed form directing the officer named therein to seize the vehicle and recover the tax due from the proceeds of the sale of the vehicle. (2) The person to whom any warrant is addressed may break open in the daytime any house or building for the purpose of the seizure of the vehicle pursuant to the warrant. (3) Any fees prescribed by the Authority are payable by way of costs in the case of the issue of a warrant for the recovery of any tax under this section.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s31
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 31
title: Limitation on bringing of proceedings for recovery of over‑payment of tax
content:
31. No proceedings may be brought for enforcing any repayment of tax to which a person may be entitled in respect of any over-payment of tax made on a vehicle licence taken out by the person, unless the proceedings are brought before the end of the 12 months beginning with the end of the period in respect of which the licence was taken out. 32. [ Repealed by Act 4 of 2006 ]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s33
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 33
title: Exemptions and application to vehicles belonging to Government
content:
33. —(1) The Minister may, in special cases and for a particular occasion, exempt any vehicle or type of vehicle from the operation of all or any of the provisions of this Part or from the taxes, fees or levies payable thereunder or may reduce those taxes, fees or levies. (2) This Part applies to vehicles belonging to the Government. 33A. [ Repealed by Act 38 of 2018 ] 33B. [ Repealed by Act 38 of 2018 ]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s34
chapter: PART 1 - REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF VEHICLES
section: 34
title: Rules for purposes of this Part
content:
34. —(1) The Minister may make rules for any purpose for which rules may be made under this Part and for prescribing anything which may be prescribed under this Part, and otherwise for the purpose of carrying this Part into effect and, in particular, may make rules — ( a ) to regulate the registration and licensing of vehicles, to prescribe the forms of application for and the contents of vehicle licences, and to provide special facilities for the licensing of motor vehicles brought into Singapore from places outside Singapore; ( b ) [ Deleted by Act 4 of 2006 ] ( c ) to prescribe the size, shape and character of the identification marks or the signs to be fixed on any vehicle and the manner in which those marks or signs are to be secured, sealed, displayed and rendered easily distinguishable whether by night or by day and to prohibit those marks, signs and seals from being tampered with; ( d ) to provide for the marking of prescribed particulars on any vehicle; ( da ) to require any person to whom any vehicle is sold or disposed of or any person who sold or disposed of any vehicle to furnish any particulars of the sale or disposal that the Registrar may require; ( db ) to require any person who is, in the course of business, selling or supplying, or offering or exposing for sale or supply, by retail, any vehicle on any premises or place — (i) to display warning notices about prescribed vehicles or trailers which do not comply with the rules made under section 6 as to construction, weight and equipment applicable to the class or description of vehicles to which that vehicle or trailer belongs; or (ii) to display in a prescribed manner or not to display any vehicles or trailers mentioned in sub‑paragraph (i), or advertisements about the vehicles or trailers, at the premises or place; ( e ) to prescribe the form of, and the particulars to be included in, the register with respect to vehicles for which a general licence has been taken out by a manufacturer, repairer or dealer and the identification marks to be carried by any such vehicle and to define the purposes for which the holder of a general licence may use a vehicle under the general licence; ( f ) to extend any provisions as to registration and provisions incidental to those provisions to any vehicle in respect of which taxes chargeable under this Part are not payable and to provide for the identification of the vehicle; ( g ) to provide for information contained in any records maintained by the Registrar with respect to the marking, registration, licensing or keeping of vehicles to be made public or to be made available, either without payment or on payment of the prescribed fee, to any persons that may be determined by or under the rules; ( h ) with respect to the form and particulars to be included in a notice under section 17(2)( b ), the manner of giving the notice and the time at which it is to be treated as being given; ( i ) for securing that notice under section 17(2)( b ) is not given in respect of a period of less than 30 days or more than 12 months; ( j ) as to the mode of calculating the period in respect of which notice under section 17(2)( b ) is to be treated as given; ( k ) with respect to the mode of proving the giving of the said notice; ( l ) for deeming the said notice to have been given in relation to a vehicle in respect of any period or at any time if in the circumstances of any particular case the Minister considers it reasonable to do so; ( m ) to make provision with respect to the furnishing of information and production of certificates of insurance or security and with respect to the registration and identification of such vehicles (including vehicles belonging to the Government); ( n ) to prescribe the particulars to be marked on vehicles and trailers; ( o ) to prescribe — (i) the fees and costs payable for the recovery of any tax payable under this Act, whether by instalment or otherwise; and (ii) any interest or charge payable for the late payment, or the payment by instalment, of any tax payable under this Act; [Act 4 of 2008 wef 01/04/2024] ( p ) to prohibit the registration under this Act of used vehicles beyond a prescribed age-limit; ( q ) to prescribe a levy for the re-registration of a used vehicle in the name of the purchaser of the vehicle; ( r ) to regulate the registration, licensing, keeping and use of heavy vehicles; and ( s ) to regulate the registration and licensing of a replacement vehicle, and to deem the date of registration of the replacement vehicle to be the same as that of the vehicle which it replaced for any of the purposes of this Act. [4/2006; 7/2012; 3/2017; 10/2017] (2) Rules made under this section for the purposes of subsection (1)( da ) or ( db ) may provide that any contravention of any provision of the rules involving a power-assisted bicycle shall be an offence and the offender may be liable on conviction — ( a ) where the person is an individual — to a fine not exceeding $20,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 24 months or to both; or ( b ) in any other case — to a fine not exceeding $40,000. [9/2020] (3) Every amount collected before the date of commencement of the Statutes (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2008 as, or purportedly as, interest or a charge for the late payment, or the payment by instalment, of any tax payable under this Act shall be deemed to be and always to have been validly collected, and no legal proceedings shall lie or be instituted or maintained in any court of law on account of or in respect of any such collection. [Act 4 of 2008 wef 01/04/2024]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s34A
chapter: PART 1A - ROAD-USER CHARGES
section: 34A
title: Interpretation of this Part
content:
34A. In this Part — “authorised officer” means any employee of the Authority, or any other person, who is duly authorised by the Registrar in writing to carry out any particular function or to exercise any particular power under this Part; “prescribed hours” means the hours prescribed by the Minister for the levying of a road-user charge in respect of any specified road; “road-user charge” means the charge payable for riding, driving or moving a motor vehicle on a specified road during the prescribed hours; “specified road” means any road or part thereof as may be specified in rules made under this Part. [1/2006]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s34B
chapter: PART 1A - ROAD-USER CHARGES
section: 34B
title: Levying of road-user charge
content:
34B. —(1) The Minister may prescribe road-user charges to be paid in connection with the use of any specified road. (2) All road-user charges collected under this Part must be paid into the Consolidated Fund.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s34C
chapter: PART 1A - ROAD-USER CHARGES
section: 34C
title: Electronic or computerised or other charge collecting facilities
content:
34C. The Authority may install or cause to be installed on any road in respect of which a road-user charge is levied under this Part any electronic or computerised or other facilities that the Authority thinks fit for the purpose of collecting the road-user charge and may also install or cause to be installed any ancillary facilities that the Authority thinks necessary.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s34D
chapter: PART 1A - ROAD-USER CHARGES
section: 34D
title: Rules for purposes of this Part
content:
34D. —(1) The Minister may make rules for the purposes of carrying this Part into effect and, in particular, may make rules — ( a ) specifying the roads in respect of which, and the days and hours during which, a road-user charge is levied; ( b ) prescribing the amount of road-user charge to be levied in respect of any specified road and for this purpose, road‑user charges of different amounts may be prescribed in respect of — (i) different specified roads or parts thereof; (ii) different hours of the day or different days of the week; and (iii) different classes, categories or descriptions of vehicles; ( ba ) empowering the Registrar and any officer authorised by the Registrar to prohibit the entry into or exit from Singapore of any foreign vehicle if any unpaid road-user charges under this Act in respect of that vehicle is in arrears; ( c ) prescribing the manner in which road-user charges are levied and collected, including the use of electronic or computerised or other facilities therefor, and for this purpose, the rules may — (i) require all vehicles (whether registered in Singapore or elsewhere) to be installed with such devices and appurtenances and in such manner as may be prescribed before they may be ridden, driven or moved on a specified road during the prescribed hours; (ii) [ Deleted by Act 1 of 2006 ] (iii) prohibit the sale, supply, installation, repair or maintenance of any device or appurtenance prescribed under sub-paragraph (i) by any person not authorised by the Registrar to do so; and (iv) specify the conditions under which any device or appurtenance prescribed under sub-paragraph (i) may be removed from one vehicle and installed in another or transferred from one person to another; and ( d ) prescribing the records to be kept by the Registrar in connection with this Part and regulating the disclosure by the Registrar of any information in those records. [1/2006; 10/2017] (2) Where a person is convicted of an offence under the rules, the court before which the person is convicted may, in addition to the punishment prescribed for the offence, order the person to pay the amount of road-user charge as may be certified by an officer appointed by the Authority in that behalf to be due from the person at the date of the conviction and the amount may be recovered according to the law for the time being in force for the recovery of fines.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s34E
chapter: PART 1A - ROAD-USER CHARGES
section: 34E
title: Registrar’s power of inspection and seizure, etc.
content:
34E. —(1) The Registrar may, by written notice, require the owner of any vehicle in which any device or appurtenance has been installed for the purpose of this Part to produce the vehicle before the Registrar or an authorised officer at the time and place appointed by the Registrar in order that the Registrar or authorised officer may inspect or test the device or appurtenance. (2) The Registrar or authorised officer may remove from a vehicle which has been produced before him or her pursuant to subsection (1) any device or appurtenance which has been installed in the vehicle for the purpose of this Part if the Registrar or authorised officer is of the opinion that the device or appurtenance cannot be properly inspected or tested without being so removed. (3) If, upon inspecting the device or appurtenance, the Registrar or authorised officer is satisfied that there is or has been any contravention of any of the provisions of this Part or the rules made under section 34D concerning the device or appurtenance, the Registrar or authorised officer may remove the device or appurtenance from the vehicle and dispose of it in any manner that he or she thinks fit. (4) Any person who fails to comply with a notice issued under subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence. (5) Where a person on whom a notice is served under subsection (1) fails to comply with the notice, the Registrar or an authorised officer may seize and detain the vehicle in order to carry out any inspection or test under subsection (1). (6) Where any vehicle is seized and detained under subsection (5), the Registrar or authorised officer must immediately inform the owner of the vehicle in writing of the seizure and detention and if the vehicle is not claimed by its owner within 3 months of the date of its seizure — ( a ) the Registrar or authorised officer may, after giving one month’s notice in the Gazette , sell the vehicle by public auction or otherwise dispose of the vehicle in any manner that he or she thinks fit; and ( b ) the proceeds (if any) from the sale or disposal of the vehicle must be applied in payment of any road-user charges which may be due in respect of the vehicle and of any charges incurred in carrying out the provisions of this section and the surplus (if any) must be paid into the Consolidated Fund, if unclaimed by the owner within a period of 12 months.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s34F
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 34F
title: Application of Division
content:
34F. This Division does not apply to or in relation to the riding of any test‑needed‑to‑ride‑on‑road vehicle on any road. [12/2021]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s35
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 35
title: Licensing of drivers, etc.
content:
35. —(1) Except as otherwise provided in this Act, a person must not drive a motor vehicle of any class or description on a road unless the person is the holder of a driving licence authorising him or her to drive a motor vehicle of that class or description. (2) A person must not employ or permit another person to drive a motor vehicle on a road unless the person so employed or permitted to drive is the holder of such a driving licence. (3) Any person who contravenes subsection (1) or (2) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction as follows: ( a ) to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 years or to both; ( b ) where the person is a repeat offender, to a fine not exceeding $20,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 years or to both. [19/2019] (3A) For the purposes of subsection (3) and section 35AA, a person is a repeat offender in relation to an offence under subsection (3) if the person who is convicted, or found guilty, of an offence under that subsection (called the current offence) for contravening subsection (1) or (2) — ( a ) has been convicted or found guilty on at least one other earlier occasion of an offence under subsection (3) for contravening the same provision as the current offence; or ( b ) has (whether before, on or after 1 November 2019) been convicted or found guilty on at least one other earlier occasion of an offence under subsection (3) as in force immediately before that date for contravening the same provision as the current offence. [19/2019] (4) An application for a grant or renewal of a driving licence must be made in any form that the Deputy Commissioner of Police may design and utilise. [28/2014] (5) On an application for the grant of a driving licence, the applicant must, in addition to any declaration required under this Act, state whether — ( a ) he or she has held a driver’s certificate or licence in any part of the world; ( b ) any such certificate or licence has been endorsed, suspended or cancelled; ( c ) he or she has been disqualified from holding a licence; and ( d ) he or she is under the provisions of this Act disqualified by reason of age or otherwise from obtaining the licence for which he or she is applying. (6) Subject to the provisions of this Part as to tests of competence to drive and as to the physical fitness of applicants for driving licences, the Deputy Commissioner of Police must, upon payment of the prescribed fee (if any), grant a licence to any person who — ( a ) applies for it in the prescribed manner; and ( b ) declares in writing that the person is not disqualified by any reason (age or otherwise) from obtaining the licence. [28/2014] (6A) The Deputy Commissioner of Police may, upon payment of the prescribed fee (if any), renew the driving licence of any person who holds a driving licence authorising him or her to drive a class or description of a motor vehicle if the Deputy Commissioner of Police is satisfied that the person has passed the whole or any part of the prescribed test of competence to drive that class or description of vehicle that the Deputy Commissioner of Police may require. [28/2014] (7) The Deputy Commissioner of Police must grant a licence under subsection (6) or renew a licence under subsection (6A) except in the case of an applicant — ( a ) who is disqualified as provided under this section; or ( b ) to whom, in the opinion of the Deputy Commissioner of Police, it would not be in the public interest to grant or renew a licence. [28/2014] (8) A driving licence may authorise the holder of the driving licence to drive all classes of motor vehicles or such class or classes or such type or types within any class or classes as the Deputy Commissioner of Police may specify therein. (9) Where the applicant is subject to any restriction with respect to the driving of any class of motor vehicle, the extent of the restriction must be specified in the prescribed manner on the driving licence. (10) Subject to the provisions of this Act and the rules, unless earlier revoked or surrendered — ( a ) a driving licence granted to a person who is, or a renewed driving licence of a person who becomes, a citizen of Singapore or permanent resident of Singapore remains in force for the lifetime of that person; and [Act 31 of 2023 wef 31/12/2024] ( b ) a driving licence granted to, or a renewed driving licence of, a person who is not a citizen of Singapore or permanent resident of Singapore remains in force for a period of 5 years beginning on the date of such grant or renewal (as the case may be) or any shorter period that the Deputy Commissioner of Police may specify in any particular case. [Act 31 of 2023 wef 31/12/2024] [28/2014; 10/2017] (10A) Despite subsection (10) but subject to the other provisions of this Act, a driving licence mentioned in subsection (10)( a ) or ( b ) ceases to be in force when the person who holds the driving licence attains any of the prescribed ages applicable to the person, unless before attaining that age — ( a ) the person undergoes the prescribed medical examination and is duly certified by a registered medical practitioner as being physically fit to drive a motor vehicle of the class or description in that licence; and ( b ) the person passes the whole or any part of the prescribed test of competence to drive that the Deputy Commissioner of Police may require for the person to drive a motor vehicle of the class or description in that licence. [28/2014] (11) Subsection (10) does not apply to a provisional licence referred to in section 36(3). (12) [ Deleted by Act 28 of 2014 ] (13) The Deputy Commissioner of Police may refuse to renew any driving licence if the Deputy Commissioner of Police is satisfied — ( a ) that the holder of the driving licence has not complied with any process of court issued against him or her in respect of any offence committed by him or her under this Act or the rules or any written law specified in Part 2 of the First Schedule; or ( b ) that the holder of the driving licence has, pursuant to a warrant of court, been arrested in connection with an offence under this Act or the rules or any written law specified in Part 2 of the First Schedule and the offence has not been tried and determined by the court. [28/2014; 10/2017] (14) Subject to subsection (15), the Minister may, by notification in the Gazette , amend Part 2 of the First Schedule. (15) The Minister must, before exercising his or her powers under subsection (14), consult the Minister responsible for the written law to which the amendment relates. (16) Where a person’s driving licence has ceased to be in force for a period of 3 years or more, the Deputy Commissioner of Police must not grant another driving licence to the person authorising the person to drive a class or description of motor vehicle unless — ( a ) the person passes the test of competence to drive referred to in section 36(1); or ( b ) the Deputy Commissioner of Police is satisfied that, at any time within 3 years before the date that the person applies for the other driving licence, the person held a driver’s certificate or licence granted by the competent authority in any country other than Singapore authorising the person to drive a motor vehicle of that class or description. [28/2014] (17) A person is disqualified from obtaining a driving licence — ( a ) while another driving licence granted to him or her is in force whether the licence is suspended or not; ( b ) if he or she is, by a conviction under this Act or by an order of a court in Singapore or Malaysia, disqualified from holding or obtaining a driving licence. (18) In any proceedings, the fact that a driving licence has been granted to a person is evidence that the person for the purpose of obtaining the licence made a declaration that he or she was not disqualified from holding or obtaining the licence. (19) If any person is aggrieved by the refusal of the Deputy Commissioner of Police to grant or renew a driving licence or by the revocation of a driving licence under section 37, he or she may, after giving the Deputy Commissioner of Police notice of his or her intention to do so, appeal to the Commissioner of Police and on the appeal the Commissioner of Police may make any order that the Commissioner of Police thinks fit and any order so made is binding on the Deputy Commissioner of Police. [28/2014] (20) [ Deleted by Act 31 of 2023 wef 01/12/2025 ]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s35AA
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 35AA
title: Court to order forfeiture of vehicle for person driving motor vehicle without driving licence
content:
35AA. —(1) Where a person convicted of an offence under section 35(3) (committed on or after 1 November 2019) is a repeat offender and it is proved to the satisfaction of a court that a motor vehicle has been used in the commission of the offence, the court is to, on the application of the Public Prosecutor, make an order for the forfeiture of the motor vehicle, unless — ( a ) the court is satisfied that — (i) the person convicted is not the owner of the motor vehicle; and (ii) the driver of the motor vehicle in relation to which the offence is committed had driven the motor vehicle without the consent of the owner; or ( b ) the court has other good reasons for ordering otherwise. [19/2019] (2) Any motor vehicle in respect of which there has been or there is reasonable cause to suspect that there has been committed (on or after 1 November 2019) an offence under section 35(3), may be seized by any police officer or the Registrar or any officer authorised in writing by the Registrar. [19/2019] (3) If there is no prosecution with regard to an offence under section 35(3), any motor vehicle seized pursuant to subsection (2) in relation to the offence must be released at the end of one month starting from the date of seizure if it is not earlier released. [19/2019]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s35A
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 35A
title: Power of Deputy Commissioner of Police to revoke driving licence
content:
35A. —(1) The Deputy Commissioner of Police may revoke a driving licence if — ( a ) within a period of 12 months from the date of the grant of the licence, the record of the holder of the licence (as kept by the Deputy Commissioner of Police for the purposes of this section) as a driver of motor vehicles establishes that it would not be in the interests of public safety for him or her to continue to hold the licence, or that he or she is not competent to drive a motor vehicle; ( b ) the holder of the licence — (i) had, at any time before being granted that licence, committed an offence while driving a motor vehicle of a class or description which he or she was authorised to drive by virtue of another driving licence held by him or her at the time; and (ii) after being granted the firstmentioned licence, is dealt with by the court or the Deputy Commissioner of Police for the offence mentioned in sub‑paragraph (i) in any manner that would, by virtue of any rules relating to the prescribed test of competence leading to the grant of the firstmentioned licence, have caused the holder of the licence to be disallowed from taking that test had he or she been so dealt with for that offence before he or she took that test; or ( c ) the Deputy Commissioner of Police becomes aware of a circumstance that would have required or permitted the Deputy Commissioner of Police to refuse to grant a driving licence to any person, had he or she been aware of the circumstance immediately before granting the driving licence. [24/2010] (2) For the purpose of establishing that it would not be in the interests of public safety for a person to hold a valid driving licence or that such person is not competent to drive a motor vehicle, the Minister may make rules establishing a system of awarding points against a person for the commission of an offence under this Act or the rules, and providing for the circumstances where any points so awarded may be cancelled or disregarded. [28/2014; 10/2017] (3) The Deputy Commissioner of Police may, under subsection (1), regard a person as not competent to drive a motor vehicle, or establish that it would not be in the interests of public safety for a person to continue to hold a driving licence, if that person is awarded, within a prescribed period, points prescribed for the commission of an offence or offences under this Act that are equal to or in excess of the maximum number of points prescribed (called the revocation threshold). [28/2014] (4) The rules made under subsection (2) must — ( a ) specify the number of points to be awarded for an offence under this Act, including points that distinguish between different offences under this Act or the circumstances in which any offence is committed or both; ( b ) specify when points may be awarded in respect of an offence under this Act, and the circumstances under which points awarded may be cancelled or disregarded for the purposes of subsection (1); and ( c ) specify the revocation threshold, the period over which the revocation threshold is calculated, and any other matters that are required to be prescribed for the purposes of this section. [28/2014] (5) Where the points awarded against a person under the rules made under subsection (2) reach 50% of the revocation threshold under this section, the Deputy Commissioner of Police must give written notice thereof to the person. [28/2014] (6) Where a person is disqualified by an order of a court from holding or obtaining a driving licence for a period of time specified in the order, every point awarded against the person under the rules made under subsection (2) must thereupon be cancelled. (7) Where a holder of a valid driving licence commits on a single occasion more than one offence under this Act or the rules, points must be awarded against him or her only for the offence committed by him or her and in respect of which the largest number of points may be awarded against a person. [10/2017] (7A) If — ( a ) a person is a holder of a driving licence authorising the person to drive a motor vehicle of a particular class or description; and ( b ) the person’s driving licence is revoked under this section when the person is a new driver in respect of that licence, then every other driving licence authorising the person to drive a motor vehicle of any other class or description is deemed to be revoked as well unless the person is then not a new driver in respect of that other driving licence. [19/2019] (8) [ Deleted by Act 12 of 2021 ] (9) For the purposes of subsection (7A), a person is a new driver in relation to any driving licence during the initial period — ( a ) starting on the date of the grant of the driving licence to the person under section 35(6), or under section 36(2) in the circumstances described in section 36(2)( a )(ii); and ( b ) ending on the eve of the first anniversary of the grant of the driving licence as mentioned in paragraph ( a ). [19/2019]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s35B
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 35B
title: Licensee may make representations against revocation of driving licence
content:
35B. —(1) To revoke a person’s driving licence under section 35A, the Deputy Commissioner of Police must first give a notice to the person concerned — ( a ) stating that the Deputy Commissioner of Police proposes to revoke the person’s driving licence on such date (called in this section the proposed revocation date) being at least 4 weeks after the date of giving the notice; ( b ) setting out the reasons for revoking the person’s driving licence; and ( c ) specifying the period (being at least 4 weeks after the date of giving the notice) within which representations or objections with respect to the proposed revocation may be made. [19/2019] (2) Then, the Deputy Commissioner of Police may, after considering any representations or objections which are duly made within the period mentioned in subsection (1)( c ) and not withdrawn by the person concerned, revoke the person’s driving licence on the proposed revocation date. [19/2019] (3) The Deputy Commissioner of Police must immediately inform the person concerned of his or her decision under subsection (2). [19/2019] (4) However, the Deputy Commissioner of Police may, on his or her own initiative, rescind the revocation of a person’s driving licence and reinstate the person’s driving licence, after re‑considering any representations or objections made by that person within the period mentioned in subsection (1)( c ). [19/2019] (5) In relation to reinstating a person’s driving licence under subsection (4) — ( a ) the Deputy Commissioner of Police must regard the person as still satisfying all the requirements relating to the grant of the driving licence; and ( b ) from that reinstatement, the driving licence reinstated must be regarded as being continuously in force starting on the date of its grant, disregarding any break because of the revocation of the driving licence. [19/2019] (6) This section applies only in relation to a notice given by the Deputy Commissioner of Police under subsection (1) on or after 29 June 2021, and section 35B as in force immediately before that date continues to apply in relation to a notice given by the Deputy Commissioner of Police under that section before that date. [19/2019]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s35C
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 35C
title: Surrender of driving licence
content:
35C. —(1) The Deputy Commissioner of Police must, upon revoking a licence under section 35A, require the licence (if not issued in electronic form) to be surrendered to and retained by the Deputy Commissioner of Police. [19/2019] (2) Any person whose driving licence has been revoked under section 35A must immediately surrender the driving licence (if not issued in electronic form) to the Deputy Commissioner of Police. [19/2019] (3) Any person whose driving licence has been revoked under section 35A must not drive a motor vehicle of the class or description which the revoked licence had authorised that person to drive until that person is granted a new driving licence authorising that person to drive a motor vehicle of that class or description. [28/2014] (4) Any person who drives a motor vehicle on a road when his or her driving licence is revoked under section 35A shall be guilty of an offence.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s36
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 36
title: Prescribed test of competence to drive for grant of driving licence
content:
36. —(1) A driving licence must not be granted to any applicant unless he or she passes the prescribed test of competence to drive. [28/2014] (2) Despite subsection (1), the Deputy Commissioner of Police may grant a driving licence to an applicant who satisfies the Deputy Commissioner of Police that — ( a ) at any time within 3 years before the date that the applicant makes the application, the applicant — (i) has held a driving licence which has ceased to be in force under section 35(10A); or (ii) has held a driver’s certificate or licence granted by the competent authority in any country other than Singapore authorising the applicant to drive a motor vehicle of the class or description which the applicant would be authorised to drive by the licence applied for; and ( b ) the applicant passes the whole or such part of the test of competence to drive mentioned in subsection (1) or such other prescribed test of competence to drive, as the Deputy Commissioner of Police may require. [28/2014] (3) For the purpose of enabling the applicant for a driving licence to learn to drive a motor vehicle with a view to passing a test under this section, the Deputy Commissioner of Police may, if so requested by the applicant and on payment of the prescribed fee, grant to the applicant a provisional licence to be in force for a period prescribed. [28/2014; 10/2017] (4) A provisional licence must be in the prescribed form and is granted subject to the prescribed conditions. (5) If any person to whom a provisional licence is granted fails to comply with any of the conditions subject to which it is granted, he or she shall be guilty of an offence. (6) Different validity periods for provisional licences may be prescribed under section 48 for different types of provisional licences. [10/2017] (7) The court before which a person is convicted of an offence under section 64, 65 or 65A may, whether the person has previously passed the prescribed test of competence to drive or not and whether or not the court makes an order under section 42 disqualifying the person from holding or obtaining a licence to drive a motor vehicle, order the person to be disqualified from holding or obtaining a licence to drive a motor vehicle until the person has since the date of the order passed the test. (8) The provisions of this Act which have effect where an order disqualifying a person from holding or obtaining a driving licence is made have effect in relation to a disqualification by virtue of an order under this section subject to the following modifications: ( a ) despite section 35(17) or 43(3), the person disqualified is (unless the person is disqualified from holding or obtaining a driving licence otherwise than by virtue of an order under this section) entitled to obtain and to hold a provisional driving licence to be granted under subsection (3) and to drive a motor vehicle in accordance with the conditions subject to which the provisional driving licence is granted; ( b ) the disqualification is deemed to have expired on production to the Deputy Commissioner of Police of evidence that the person has since the order was made passed the prescribed test; ( c ) on the return to the person disqualified of any driving licence held by the person or on the issue to the person of such a licence there must be added to the endorsed particulars of the disqualification a statement that the person disqualified has since the order was made passed the prescribed test.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s37
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 37
title: Provisions as to physical fitness of applicants for driving licences
content:
37. —(1) On an application for the grant of a driving licence, the applicant must make a declaration in writing as to whether the applicant is suffering from — ( a ) any prescribed disease or physical disability; or ( b ) any other disease or physical disability which is likely to cause the driving by the applicant of a motor vehicle (of the class or description which the applicant would be authorised by the licence to drive) to be a source of danger to the public. [28/2014] (2) If from the declaration it appears that the applicant is suffering from any disease or physical disability specified in subsection (1), the Deputy Commissioner of Police must refuse to grant the driving licence. (3) A driving licence limited to driving an invalid carriage may be granted to the applicant if the Deputy Commissioner of Police is satisfied that he or she is fit to drive such a carriage. (4) The applicant may, except in the case of any prescribed diseases and disabilities, on payment of the prescribed fee, claim to be subjected to a test as to his or her fitness or ability to drive a motor vehicle of any class or description that he or she would be authorised by the licence to drive. (5) If the applicant passes the prescribed test and is not otherwise disqualified, the driving licence must not be refused by reason only of the provisions of subsection (2), except that if the test proves his or her fitness to drive motor vehicles of a particular construction or design only, the driving licence must be limited to the driving of such vehicles. (6) If it appears to the Deputy Commissioner of Police that there is reason to believe that any person who holds a driving licence is suffering from a disease or physical disability likely to cause the driving by the person of a motor vehicle, being a motor vehicle of any class or description the person is authorised by the licence to drive, to be a source of danger to the public and, after making any inquiry that he or she considers necessary, the Deputy Commissioner of Police is satisfied that the licence holder is so suffering then, whether or not the licence holder so suffering has previously passed a test under this section, the Deputy Commissioner of Police may, after giving to the licence holder notice of such intention, revoke the driving licence. (7) The licence holder must on receipt of the notice deliver the driving licence to the Deputy Commissioner of Police for cancellation. (8) The licence holder may, except in the case of any prescribed diseases and disabilities, claim to be subjected to a test as to his or her fitness or disability to drive a motor vehicle and, if he or she passes the prescribed test, the driving licence must not be revoked or, if it has already been revoked, must be returned to the licence holder and the revocation thereof is rescinded.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s38
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 38
title: Recognition of foreign driving licences and driving permits
content:
38. —(1) Despite not holding a valid driving licence but subject to the provisions of this Act, it is lawful for a holder of a valid foreign driving licence to drive in Singapore, for a period of 12 months starting from the date of his or her last entry into Singapore, a motor vehicle of the class or description which the foreign driving licence authorises him or her to drive. [28/2014] (2) However, subsection (1) does not apply where the holder of the foreign driving licence — ( a ) is a citizen of Singapore or permanent resident of Singapore; or [Act 31 of 2023 wef 31/12/2024] ( b ) is a work pass driver. [28/2014] (3) If at any time a holder of a valid foreign driving licence becomes — ( a ) a citizen of Singapore or permanent resident of Singapore; or [Act 31 of 2023 wef 31/12/2024] ( b ) a work pass driver, then subsection (1) applies to that holder of a foreign driving licence for the prescribed period instead of the 12‑month period in subsection (1). [28/2014] (4) Despite not holding a valid driving licence, it is lawful for — ( a ) a member of a visiting force; or ( b ) a member of a civilian component of the visiting force, who holds a driving permit issued to him or her by a competent authority of the country of the visiting force to drive in Singapore a motor vehicle belonging to the country of the visiting force which is of the class or description specified in the driving permit. [28/2014] (5) In this section — “civilian component” and “visiting force” have the respective meanings given by the Visiting Forces Act 1960; [ Deleted by Act 31 of 2023 wef 01/12/2025 ] “prescribed period” means the period prescribed, starting from — ( a ) for a person referred to in subsection (3)( a ), the date on which the person is granted a certificate of citizenship under the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore or an entry permit under the Immigration Act, whichever first happens; or ( b ) for a person referred to in subsection (3)( b ), the date on which the person is issued with a work pass under the Employment of Foreign Manpower Act 1990; “work pass driver” means the holder of a work pass issued under the Employment of Foreign Manpower Act 1990 who drives a motor vehicle carrying passengers or goods or both — ( a ) for hire or reward; or ( b ) because of or under a contract of employment. [28/2014]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s39
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 39
title: Production of driving licences
content:
39. —(1) Any person driving a motor vehicle on a road must, on being so required by a police officer, produce his or her driving licence for examination so as to enable the police officer to ascertain his or her name and address, the date of issue and the authority by which it was issued, and if he or she fails to do so he or she shall be guilty of an offence. (2) Despite subsection (1), if within 24 hours after the production of his or her driving licence was so required, the licensee produces the licence in person at any police office or police station in Singapore that may be specified by the police officer at the time its production was required, the licensee shall not be convicted of an offence under this section. (3) Subsection (2) does not apply to a paid driver or to the driver of a motor vehicle used for the carriage of passengers for hire or reward or for the carriage of goods.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s40
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 40
title: Possession of driving licence belonging to another person
content:
40. —(1) If the Deputy Commissioner of Police has reasonable cause to believe that a driving licence is in the possession of any person other than the person to whom it was issued, the Deputy Commissioner of Police may, by written notice served personally on the person in whose possession the licence is alleged to be, require the person immediately to deliver the driving licence to the Deputy Commissioner of Police who must, in the absence of any reason to the contrary, deliver the driving licence to the person to whom it was issued. (2) Any person who, without reasonable cause, fails to comply with a notice under subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence. 41. [ Repealed by Act 12 of 2021 ]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s42
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 42
title: Disqualification for offences
content:
42. —(1) Where a person (called in this section the offender) is convicted of — ( a ) an offence under this Act or any other written law in connection with the driving of a motor vehicle; or ( b ) an offence under this Act or any other written law and — (i) at the time of the commission of the offence, the offender was the driver or was in charge of a motor vehicle on a road or other public place; (ii) the person against whom the offence was committed was the driver of another vehicle on the road or public place, a passenger in that other vehicle or a pedestrian on the road or public place; (iii) the court convicting the offender of the offence is satisfied that the commission of the offence arose from or was connected with a dispute between the offender and that other person over the use of the road or public place; and (iv) having regard to the circumstances under which the offence was committed and the behaviour of the offender, the court is of the opinion that it is undesirable for the offender to continue to be allowed to drive a motor vehicle, the court may, in addition to imposing on the offender the punishment provided for such offence, make an order disqualifying the offender from holding or obtaining a driving licence for life or for any period that the court thinks fit. [12/2021] (2) Subsection (1) is subject to any provision in this Act expressly providing otherwise. [12/2021] (3) If the court thinks fit, any disqualification imposed under this section may be limited to the driving of a motor vehicle of the same class or description as the motor vehicle in relation to which the offence was committed. (4) A person who, by virtue of an order of a court, is disqualified from holding or obtaining a driving licence may appeal against the order in the same manner as against a conviction, and the court may if it thinks fit, pending the appeal, suspend the operation of the order.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s42A
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 42A
title: Disqualification for failing to attend court
content:
42A. —(1) The Public Prosecutor may apply to the court for an order disqualifying a person from holding or obtaining a driving licence if — ( a ) that person is accused of an offence under this Act or the rules or any written law specified in Part 2 of the First Schedule and had failed to appear before a court to answer the charge against him or her even though he or she had been served with the appropriate process of court requiring him or her to so appear before that court; ( b ) the court before which that person was to have appeared had, pursuant to his or her default in appearance, issued a warrant for his or her arrest; ( c ) that person has been arrested pursuant to the warrant and subsequently released on bail; ( d ) that person has been duly informed by — (i) the Deputy Commissioner of Police; (ii) the officer who arrested the person; or (iii) if the person is accused of an offence under any written law specified in Part 2 of the First Schedule, an officer responsible for administering such written law, that should the person fail to appear in court on the date next appointed for his or her appearance in connection with the offence of which the person is accused, the Public Prosecutor is to make an application under this section for him or her to be disqualified from holding or obtaining a driving licence; and ( e ) that person has, without lawful excuse, failed to appear in court on the date next appointed for his or her appearance in connection with the offence of which he or she is accused. [10/2017] (2) Upon an application made by the Public Prosecutor under subsection (1), the court, if satisfied of the matters referred to in subsection (1)( a ) to ( e ) and, having regard to the circumstances of the case and the behaviour of the accused person, is of the opinion that it is undesirable for him or her to continue to be allowed to drive a motor vehicle, may make an order disqualifying the accused person from holding or obtaining a driving licence until the offence of which he or she is accused has been tried and determined by a court or for any other period that the court thinks fit. (3) Where the court makes an order under subsection (2) disqualifying a person from holding or obtaining a driving licence for any period ending before the trial and determination of the offence of which that person is accused, the court may, on further application of the Public Prosecutor, extend the period of the disqualification if it thinks fit.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s42B
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 42B
title: Imprisonment during disqualification period
content:
42B. —(1) If a person, while disqualified from holding or obtaining a driving licence because of a conviction or an order of a court under this Act or the Motor Vehicles (Third‑Party Risks and Compensation) Act 1960, is sentenced to imprisonment on or after the date of commencement of section 3 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025 (whether for an offence under this Act or any subsidiary legislation made under this Act, or any other written law), the whole of the person’s period of imprisonment is not to be counted towards the completion of the person’s disqualification period. (2) In this section — “disqualification period” means the period that a person is disqualified from holding or obtaining a driving licence because of a conviction or an order of a court under this Act or the Motor Vehicles (Third‑Party Risks and Compensation) Act 1960, starting on the later of the following dates: ( a ) the date of the person’s conviction or order of disqualification under this Act or the Motor Vehicles (Third‑Party Risks and Compensation) Act 1960; ( b ) the date of the person’s release from prison, if the person is sentenced to imprisonment in relation to that conviction; “period of imprisonment”, in relation to a person sentenced to imprisonment, means the period starting on the date of commencement of the person’s term of imprisonment and ending on the date of the person’s release from prison. [Act 2 of 2025 wef 01/01/2026]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s43
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 43
title: Provisions as to disqualifications and suspensions
content:
43. —(1) Where a person who is disqualified by virtue of a conviction or order under this Act is the holder of a driving licence, the licence — ( a ) is suspended as long as the disqualification continues in force if he or she is disqualified from holding or obtaining a driving licence for a period of less than one year; and ( b ) is of no effect if he or she is disqualified from holding or obtaining a driving licence for a period of one year or longer and he or she must not drive a motor vehicle after the period of disqualification unless he or she passes the prescribed test of competence to drive. (2) A driving licence suspended by virtue of subsection (1) or section 45, 47B or 47C is, during the time of suspension, of no effect. (3) If any person who under the provisions of this Act is disqualified from holding or obtaining a driving licence applies for or obtains a driving licence while he or she is so disqualified, he or she shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000 and the driving licence obtained by him or her is of no effect. (4) If any person who is disqualified as mentioned in subsection (3) drives on a road a motor vehicle or, if the disqualification is limited to the driving of a motor vehicle of a particular class or description, the person drives on a road a motor vehicle of that class or description, the person shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction as follows: ( a ) to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 years or to both; ( b ) where the person is a repeat offender, to a fine not exceeding $20,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 years or to both. [19/2019] (4A) For the purposes of subsection (4), a person is a repeat offender in relation to an offence under that subsection if the person who is convicted, or found guilty, of an offence under that subsection — ( a ) has been convicted or found guilty on at least one other earlier occasion of an offence under that subsection; or ( b ) has (whether before, on or after 1 November 2019) been convicted or found guilty on at least one other earlier occasion of an offence under subsection (4) as in force immediately before that date. [19/2019] (5) Where any person has been convicted of an offence under subsection (4) and the conviction is a second or subsequent conviction and it is proved to the satisfaction of a court that a motor vehicle has been used in the commission of the offence, the court is to, on the application of the Public Prosecutor, make an order for the forfeiture of the motor vehicle. (6) The court is not to make an order for the forfeiture of the vehicle if the court is satisfied that — ( a ) the person who has committed the offence is not the owner of the vehicle; and ( b ) the person who has committed the offence had used the vehicle without the consent of the owner or where he or she had used the vehicle with the consent of the owner, that the owner had no knowledge of his or her disqualification under this Act from holding or obtaining a driving licence. (7) Any motor vehicle in respect of which there has been or there is reasonable cause to suspect that there has been committed an offence under subsection (4) may be seized by any police officer or the Registrar or any officer authorised in writing by the Registrar. (8) If there is no prosecution with regard to an offence under subsection (4), the motor vehicle seized pursuant to subsection (7) must be released at the end of one month from the date of seizure unless it has been earlier released. (9) Despite any written law prescribing the time within which proceedings may be instituted, proceedings for an offence under subsection (3) may be instituted — ( a ) within a period of 6 months from the date of the commission of the alleged offence; or ( b ) within a period which exceeds neither 3 months from the date on which it came to the knowledge of the prosecutor that the offence had been committed nor one year from the date of the commission of the offence, whichever period is the longer.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s44
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 44
title: Recording of particulars of convictions or disqualifications by Deputy Commissioner of Police
content:
44. —(1) Where a person is convicted of an offence in connection with the driving of a motor vehicle or is disqualified by any court from holding or obtaining a driving licence, the court is to send notice of the conviction or order of disqualification to the Deputy Commissioner of Police who must thereupon cause particulars of the conviction or disqualification to be recorded. [2/2007] (2) In any proceedings in any court, a certificate, purporting to be signed by the Deputy Commissioner of Police or any officer authorised by the Deputy Commissioner of Police, relating to the particulars of any conviction or disqualification recorded and maintained under subsection (1) is prima facie evidence of the conviction or disqualification. (3) Where a person is disqualified by any court from holding a driving licence, he or she must deliver his or her driving licence (if any) within 7 days of the order of disqualification to the Deputy Commissioner of Police who must — ( a ) cancel it or keep it during the period of disqualification; or ( b ) if the disqualification does not apply to all the classes of vehicles which that person is permitted to drive, return the driving licence to him or her after having made the necessary endorsement thereon.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s45
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 45
title: Power of Deputy Commissioner of Police to suspend driving licence
content:
45. —(1) Despite anything in this Act, the Deputy Commissioner of Police may suspend a driving licence of a person for a period not exceeding 5 years if the person’s record (as kept by the Deputy Commissioner of Police) as a driver of motor vehicles or his or her conduct or habits as such driver establishes that it would not be in the interests of public safety for him or her to hold a valid driving licence or that the person is not competent to drive a motor vehicle. [12/2021] (2) For the purpose of establishing that it would not be in the interests of public safety for a person to hold a valid driving licence or that a person is not competent to drive a motor vehicle, the Minister may make rules establishing a system of awarding points against a person for the commission of an offence under this Act or the rules, and providing for the circumstances where any points so awarded may be cancelled or disregarded. [28/2014; 10/2017] (3) The Deputy Commissioner of Police may, under subsection (1), regard a person as not competent to drive a motor vehicle, or establish that it would not be in the interests of public safety for a person to continue to hold a driving licence, if that person is awarded, within a prescribed period, points prescribed for the commission of an offence or offences under this Act that are equal to or in excess of the maximum number of points prescribed (called the suspension threshold). [28/2014] (4) The rules made under subsection (2) must — ( a ) specify the number of points to be awarded for an offence under this Act, including points that distinguish between different offences under this Act or the circumstances in which any offence is committed or both; ( b ) specify when points may be awarded in respect of an offence under this Act, and the circumstances under which points awarded may be cancelled or disregarded for the purposes of subsection (1); and ( c ) specify the suspension threshold, the period over which the suspension threshold is calculated, and any other matters that are required to be prescribed for the purposes of this section. [28/2014] (5) Where the points awarded against a person under the rules made under subsection (2) reach 50% of the suspension threshold under this section, the Deputy Commissioner of Police must give written notice thereof to the person. [28/2014] (6) Where a person is disqualified by an order of a court from holding or obtaining a driving licence for a period of time specified in the order, every point awarded against him or her under the rules made under subsection (2) must thereupon be cancelled. (7) Where a holder of a valid driving licence commits on a single occasion more than one offence under this Act or the rules, points must be awarded against him or her only for the offence committed by him or her and in respect of which the largest number of points may be awarded against a person. [10/2017] (8) [ Deleted by Act 12 of 2021 ] (9) In addition to the power conferred on the Deputy Commissioner of Police by subsection (1), if a person who holds a driving licence — ( a ) fails to comply with any process of court issued against him or her in respect of any offence committed by him or her under this Act or the rules or any written law specified in Part 2 of the First Schedule; or ( b ) is arrested under a warrant of court in connection with an offence under this Act or the rules or any written law specified in Part 2 of the First Schedule and the offence has not been tried and determined by the court, the Deputy Commissioner of Police may, as he or she thinks fit, suspend the driving licence held by that person until the Deputy Commissioner of Police is satisfied that that person has complied with the process of court mentioned in paragraph ( a ) or until the offence mentioned in paragraph ( b ) has been tried and determined by the court, as the case may be. [10/2017]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s46
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 46
title: Licensee may make representations against suspension of driving licence
content:
46. —(1) To suspend a person’s driving licence under section 45, the Deputy Commissioner of Police must first give a notice to the person concerned — ( a ) stating that the Deputy Commissioner of Police proposes to suspend the person’s driving licence on such date (called in this section the proposed suspension date) being at least 4 weeks after the date of giving the notice; ( b ) setting out the reasons for suspending the person’s driving licence; and ( c ) specifying the period (being at least 4 weeks after the date of giving the notice) within which representations or objections with respect to the proposed suspension may be made. [19/2019] (2) Then, the Deputy Commissioner of Police may, after considering any representations or objections which are duly made within the period mentioned in subsection (1)( c ) and not withdrawn by the person concerned — ( a ) suspend the person’s driving licence on the proposed suspension date; or ( b ) postpone the proposed suspension date to a later date if the person represents to the Deputy Commissioner of Police that the person will attend a prescribed course on safe driving, and suspend the person’s driving licence on the later date on completion of that course. [19/2019] (3) The Deputy Commissioner of Police must immediately inform the person concerned of his or her decision under subsection (2). [19/2019] (4) However, the Deputy Commissioner of Police may, on his or her own initiative, rescind the suspension of a person’s driving licence, after re‑considering any representations or objections made by that person within the period mentioned in subsection (1)( c ). [19/2019] (5) This section applies only in relation to a notice given by the Deputy Commissioner of Police under subsection (1) on or after 29 June 2021, and section 46 as in force immediately before that date continues to apply in relation to a notice given by the Deputy Commissioner of Police under that section before that date. [19/2019]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s47
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 47
title: Surrender and return of driving licence
content:
47. —(1) The Deputy Commissioner of Police must, upon suspending a driving licence under section 45, require the licence (if not issued in electronic form) to be surrendered to and retained by him or her. [19/2019] (2) Any person whose driving licence has been suspended under section 45 must immediately surrender the driving licence (if not issued in electronic form) to the Deputy Commissioner of Police. [19/2019] (3) At the end of a period of suspension, a driving licence surrendered to the Deputy Commissioner of Police under subsection (2) must be returned to the holder of the driving licence and, in the case only of a driving licence suspended under section 45(1), the points awarded against him or her must be cancelled. (4) Any person whose driving licence has been suspended under section 45 must not during the period of suspension drive a motor vehicle on a road under any other driving licence issued by any authority or otherwise. (5) Any person who drives a motor vehicle on a road when his or her driving licence is suspended under section 45 shall be guilty of an offence.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s47A
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 47A
title: Effect of suspension of licence by Deputy Commissioner of Police
content:
47A. A driving licence suspended by the Deputy Commissioner of Police under section 45 for a period of one year or any other longer period has no effect and the holder of the licence must not drive a motor vehicle after the period of suspension unless he or she passes the prescribed test of competence to drive.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s47B
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 47B
title: Disqualification or suspension to continue in certain circumstances
content:
47B. If any person who is disqualified from holding or obtaining a driving licence, or whose driving licence is suspended under the provisions of this Act, drives while he or she is so disqualified or his or her licence is under suspension and causes death or serious injury to any other person and is charged for an offence under this Act, the disqualification or suspension continues until that offence has been tried and determined by a court.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s47C
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 47C
title: Immediate suspension of driving licence in certain circumstances
content:
47C. —(1) Where any police investigation into the possible commission of any offence mentioned in subsection (2) is started against any person who, while driving a motor vehicle on a road or in any public place, was involved in any traffic incident resulting in — ( a ) serious injury or death to another person; or ( b ) serious damage to any building or structure, the Deputy Commissioner of Police may, immediately upon or at any time after the start of the police investigation, suspend the driving licence of that person. [24/2010] (1A) At the start of or during any police investigation into the possible commission on or after 1 November 2019 by a person of any offence under section 64, 67 or 116, the Deputy Commissioner of Police may suspend the driving licence of the person. [19/2019] (2) Subsection (1) applies in respect of any of the following offences: ( a ) an offence under section 65 or 65A; ( aa ) an offence under section 64, 66 or 67 as in force immediately before 1 November 2019; ( b ) an offence under section 84(7) arising from a failure to comply with section 84(3); ( c ) an offence under section 3 of the Motor Vehicles (Third‑Party Risks and Compensation) Act 1960; ( d ) an offence under section 279, 304A or 338 of the Penal Code 1871. [24/2010; 28/2014; 19/2019] (3) The suspension of a person’s driving licence under subsection (1) or (1A), unless it is sooner rescinded by the Deputy Commissioner of Police under subsection (10), remains in force — ( a ) if the person is acquitted of the offence on account of which the person’s driving licence is so suspended (called in this subsection the relevant offence), whether or not by a trial court or an appellant court — until the date of the person’s acquittal; or ( b ) if the person is convicted of and sentenced for the relevant offence by a trial court — until the later of the following dates: (i) the date on which all rights of appeal against the conviction or sentence (including any order of a court disqualifying the person from holding or obtaining a driving licence under this Act or the Motor Vehicles (Third‑Party Risks and Compensation) Act 1960 in relation to the relevant offence) have expired or are exhausted; (ii) the date of commencement of a disqualification order mentioned in sub‑paragraph (i). [Act 2 of 2025 wef 12/06/2025] (4) Where the Deputy Commissioner of Police suspends the driving licence of a person under subsection (1) or (1A), the Deputy Commissioner of Police must, as soon as is practicable, give to the person concerned a written notice — ( a ) informing the person concerned of the suspension of his or her driving licence and the date from which the suspension is to take effect; and ( b ) requiring the person concerned to surrender his or her driving licence to the Deputy Commissioner of Police within the time specified in the notice. [24/2010; 19/2019] (5) A person who refuses or fails, without reasonable cause, or excuse to surrender his or her driving licence to the Deputy Commissioner of Police under subsection (4) shall be guilty of an offence. (6) Any person whose driving licence has been suspended under this section must not during the period of suspension drive a motor vehicle on a road under any other driving licence granted by any authority or otherwise. (7) Any person who drives a motor vehicle on a road when his or her driving licence is suspended under this section shall be guilty of an offence. (8) A person aggrieved by the suspension of his or her driving licence under subsection (1) or (1A) may, within 14 days after the receipt of the notice mentioned in subsection (4) or any extended period of time that the Commissioner of Police may allow in any particular case, appeal in writing against the suspension to the Commissioner of Police whose decision is final. [24/2010; 28/2014; 19/2019] (9) Even though any appeal under subsection (8) is pending, the suspension of a person’s driving licence under subsection (1) or (1A) takes effect from the date specified in the notice given to him or her by the Deputy Commissioner of Police under subsection (4), unless the Commissioner of Police otherwise orders. [24/2010; 28/2014; 19/2019] (10) The Deputy Commissioner of Police may, at any time, rescind the suspension of a person’s driving licence under subsection (1) or (1A) on account of any offence mentioned in subsection (2) or (1A), respectively, but must, as soon as is practicable, rescind the suspension if — ( a ) the investigation reveals that that person was not involved in the commission of any such offence; ( b ) it is decided that that person is not to be charged with any such offence; or ( c ) the charge against that person in respect of any such offence is withdrawn. [24/2010; 19/2019] (11) In this section, “structure” has the meaning given by section 65A(2). [24/2010]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s47D
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 47D
title: Definition of serious injury
content:
47D. In sections 47B and 47C, “serious injury” means any injury which causes a person to be during a period of 7 days in severe bodily pain or unable to follow his or her ordinary pursuits.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s47E
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 47E
title: Penalties for offences under sections 47(5) and 47C(7)
content:
47E. Any person who is guilty of an offence under section 47(5) or 47C(7) shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years or to both and, in the case of a second or subsequent conviction, to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 4 years or to both. [19/2019]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s47F
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 47F
title: Prohibition order against holders of foreign driving licences
content:
47F. —(1) Where any provision of this Act empowers — ( a ) a court to order that a person be disqualified from holding or obtaining a driving licence; or ( b ) the Deputy Commissioner of Police to suspend or revoke a driving licence of any person, the provision is, in relation to the holder of a foreign driving licence, to be read as empowering the court or the Deputy Commissioner of Police to make an order (called in this section a prohibition order) prohibiting the holder of the foreign driving licence from driving any motor vehicle in Singapore for the same period for which the court or the Deputy Commissioner of Police may, by virtue of that provision, disqualify any person from holding or obtaining a driving licence or suspend or revoke the driving licence of any person, as the case may be. [24/2010] (2) Any other provision of this Act which relates or which makes reference to the disqualification of persons from holding or obtaining a driving licence or to the suspension or revocation of driving licences, including any provision which provides for the punishment of any offence committed by a person who has been disqualified from holding or obtaining a driving licence or whose driving licence has been suspended or revoked, is, in relation to the holder of a foreign driving licence, to be read as if every reference in that provision to the disqualification of a person from holding or obtaining a driving licence or to the suspension or revocation of the driving licence of any person were a reference to the making of a prohibition order against the holder of a foreign driving licence. [24/2010] (3) The Minister may make rules for modifying, in any manner that he or she may consider necessary, any of the provisions of this Act which relates or refers to the disqualification of persons from holding or obtaining a driving licence or to the suspension or revocation of driving licences in order that the provision may appropriately apply in relation to the holder of a foreign driving licence against whom a prohibition order has been made under this section. [24/2010] (4) In this section, “holder of a foreign driving licence” means a person who holds a foreign driving licence and who is allowed by section 38(1) or (3) to drive a motor vehicle in Singapore using the foreign driving licence, but does not include any member of any visiting force or a civilian component thereof to whom section 38(4) applies. [24/2010; 28/2014] Division 2 &#x2014; Competency test for riding
test‑needed‑to‑ride‑on‑road vehicle on road [12/2021]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s47G
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 47G
title: Unauthorised riding of test‑needed‑to‑ride‑on‑road vehicle
content:
47G. —(1) An individual commits an offence if the individual — ( a ) rides on a road a test‑needed‑to‑ride‑on‑road vehicle; ( b ) is not granted a competency test certificate for that class or description of test‑needed‑to‑ride‑on‑road vehicle certifying that the individual has passed the prescribed test of competence for that class or description of test‑needed‑to‑ride‑on‑road vehicle; and ( c ) is not excluded under subsection (2) or not exempted from this provision under section 142. [12/2021] (2) Subsection (1) does not apply to an individual riding a test‑needed‑to‑ride‑on‑road vehicle in circumstances prescribed in rules made under section 48. [12/2021] (3) An individual who is guilty of an offence under subsection (1) shall be liable on conviction — ( a ) to a fine not exceeding $2,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months or to both; but ( b ) where the individual is a repeat offender, to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or to both. [12/2021]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s47H
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 47H
title: Grant of competency test certificate for road‑only PAB
content:
47H. —(1) Subject to subsection (2), the test authority may, on the application under subsection (3) by an individual, grant the individual a competency test certificate in respect of riding any road‑only PAB certifying that the individual has passed the prescribed test of competence for the road‑only PAB. [12/2021] (2) The test authority may grant under subsection (1) an individual a competency test certificate certifying that the individual has passed the prescribed test of competence for riding a road‑only PAB if, and only if, the test authority is satisfied that the individual — ( a ) has attended and successfully completed, not earlier than a prescribed time before that application is made, a prescribed test of competence relating to the road‑only PAB; and ( b ) is not below the minimum riding age (if prescribed) for the purposes of section 62 relating to the road‑only PAB. [12/2021] (3) An application for a competency test certificate relating to a road‑only PAB must — ( a ) be in the form and manner the test authority requires; ( b ) be accompanied by an application fee, if prescribed; ( c ) state the description of the road‑only PAB that is the subject of the application; and ( d ) contain an undertaking to take, or a declaration that the applicant has attended and successfully completed (as the case may be) a prescribed test of competence to ride the road‑only PAB that is the subject of the application. [12/2021] (4) The test authority may refuse to consider an application under subsection (3) that is incomplete or not made in accordance with this section. [12/2021] (5) To avoid doubt, a competency test certificate may be granted in a digital form, consisting of evidence of the grant of the competency test certificate using information relating to the individual granted the competency test certificate that is displayed on a mobile communication device or other electronic device. [12/2021]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s47I
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 47I
title: Validity of competency test certificate for road‑only PAB
content:
47I. —(1) Subject to this section, every competency test certificate granted under section 47H(1) to an individual for a road‑only PAB remains in force — ( a ) for the period specified in the competency test certificate; or ( b ) for the natural life of the individual if no period in paragraph ( a ) is specified. [12/2021] (2) A test authority may cancel a competency test certificate granted under section 47H(1) to an individual for a road‑only PAB if — ( a ) the test authority is satisfied that the competency test certificate had been obtained by the individual by fraud or misrepresentation; or ( b ) the prescribed test of competence for the road‑only PAB has so materially changed after the grant of the competency test certificate as to affect the assessment of the individual’s continued competency to ride the road‑only PAB. [12/2021] (3) A competency test certificate granted under section 47H(1) to an individual may be cancelled by a test authority under subsection (2) by the test authority giving notice to the individual concerned of the cancellation. [12/2021] (4) A competency test certificate that is cancelled under subsection (2) is void from the date of cancellation specified in the notice under subsection (3). [12/2021]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s47J
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 47J
title: Unlawful use of competency test certificate for road‑only PAB
content:
47J. —(1) A person commits an offence if the person — ( a ) has in the person’s possession, without lawful authority or a reasonable excuse, an article so resembling a competency test certificate granted under section 47H(1) as to be calculated to deceive; ( b ) alters a competency test certificate which is granted under section 47H(1) in a way that is calculated to deceive; ( c ) dishonestly alters or uses a competency test certificate granted under section 47H(1); or ( d ) dishonestly lends, or allows another person to use, a competency test certificate granted under section 47H(1). [12/2021] (2) A person who is guilty of an offence under subsection (1) shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or to both. [12/2021]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s47K
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 47K
title: Allowing untested rider, etc., on road
content:
47K. —(1) Subject to this Act, a person commits an offence if — ( a ) the person employs, or intentionally or negligently allows, an individual to ride on a road a test‑needed‑to‑ride‑on‑road vehicle of a class or description; ( b ) the individual in paragraph ( a ) is not granted a competency test certificate for that class or description of test‑needed‑to‑ride‑on‑road vehicle and is not excluded under section 47G(2); and ( c ) the person knows that, or is negligent as to whether, the individual is not granted a competency test certificate for that class or description of test‑needed‑to‑ride‑on‑road vehicle. [12/2021] (2) To avoid doubt, subsection (1) does not apply to a person who carries on at any premises a business of selling test‑needed‑to‑ride‑on‑road vehicles allowing, in the course of that business and for the purpose of selling the vehicle, a customer of the business concerned at the customer’s request to ride a test‑needed‑to‑ride‑on‑road vehicle within any part of those premises not comprising a road. [12/2021] (3) An individual who is guilty of an offence under subsection (1) shall be liable on conviction — ( a ) to a fine not exceeding $2,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months or to both; but ( b ) where the individual is a repeat offender, to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or to both. [12/2021] (4) For the purposes of subsection (3), an individual is a repeat offender in relation to an offence under subsection (1) if the individual who is convicted, or found guilty, of an offence under subsection (1) has been convicted or found guilty on at least one other earlier occasion of an offence under subsection (1). [12/2021]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s47L
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 47L
title: Production of competency test certificate
content:
47L. —(1) A police officer or a duly authorised person may, for the purpose of ensuring that any test‑needed‑to‑ride‑on‑road vehicle that is being or may be used on a road complies with this Act, at any time order the rider of the vehicle to produce the rider’s competency test certificate for examination or other identity documents so as to enable the police officer or duly authorised person (as the case may be) to ascertain — ( a ) the identity of the rider; and ( b ) the authority by which the competency test certificate was granted. [12/2021] (2) A rider of a vehicle to whom an order under subsection (1) is given who refuses or neglects to comply with the order commits an offence and shall be liable on conviction — ( a ) to a fine not exceeding $1,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both; but ( b ) where the individual is a repeat offender, to a fine not exceeding $2,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months or to both. [12/2021] (3) However, subsection (2) does not apply if within 48 hours after an order is given to a rider of a vehicle under subsection (1), the rider produces the competency test certificate in person at any police station or other place that is specified by the police officer or duly authorised person (as the case may be) at the time the order was given. [12/2021] (4) An individual to whom a digital competency test certificate is granted who holds, or produces or carries a mobile communication device or other electronic device on which the digital competency test certificate is displayed for the purpose of complying with an order under subsection (1) to produce a competency test certificate, is taken to have produced a competency test certificate for that purpose. [12/2021] (5) However, a digital competency test certificate is not displayed for the purpose of complying with an order under subsection (1) to produce or carry a competency test certificate if — ( a ) the screen of the mobile communication device or other electronic device on which it is purportedly displayed is unable to be read by the person to whom it is displayed due to cracking, dimming, dirt or any other fault, damage or obstruction; ( b ) the individual fails or refuses to comply with a reasonable request by the person to whom it is purported to be displayed to facilitate the reading, copying or scanning of the whole or any part of the digital competency test certificate; or ( c ) the holder of the digital competency test certificate refuses to comply with a reasonable direction to refresh the display of the digital competency test certificate. [12/2021] (6) To avoid doubt, an individual who displays or purports to display a digital competency test certificate is not required to give or hand over, to the person who is requiring the competency test certificate to be produced or handed over, the mobile communication device or other electronic device on which the digital competency test certificate is displayed or purported to be displayed. [12/2021] (7) An individual is a repeat offender in relation to an offence under subsection (2) if the individual who is convicted, or found guilty, of an offence under subsection (2) has been convicted or found guilty on at least one other earlier occasion of an offence under subsection (2). [12/2021] (8) A reference to a duly authorised person in this section or section 47M or 47N is a reference to an individual appointed under this subsection by the Minister as an authorised person for the purposes of that section, is authorised by the Minister to exercise any powers under that section and is acting within that authorisation. [12/2021]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s47M
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 47M
title: Production of false, etc., competency test certificate
content:
47M. An individual riding a test‑needed‑to‑ride‑on‑road vehicle on a road who, in purported compliance with any order given to the individual under section 47L(1) by a police officer or duly authorised person — ( a ) produces to a police officer or duly authorised person — (i) a competency test certificate that is altered in a way that is calculated to deceive (whether or not it was already a false document before the alteration or it was altered by the individual), knowing that it is so altered; (ii) an article resembling a competency test certificate and calculated to deceive, knowing that the article is not a competency test certificate; or (iii) a competency test certificate that was not granted to the individual, knowing that it was not so granted to that individual; and ( b ) with the intention of dishonestly inducing the police officer or duly authorised person to accept it as genuine, commits an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or to both. [12/2021]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s47N
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 47N
title: Power to seize competency test certificate
content:
47N. —(1) A police officer or duly authorised person may, with no other authority than this section, seize a competency test certificate or an article resembling a competency test certificate if — ( a ) the competency test certificate or article is produced to the police officer or duly authorised person (as the case may be) pursuant to an order under section 47L(1) or otherwise, by an individual who represents it as a competency test certificate granted to that individual; and ( b ) the police officer or duly authorised person (as the case may be) has reason to believe that — (i) the competency test certificate is unlawfully in the possession of that individual who produced it; or (ii) the competency test certificate or article is evidence of the commission of an offence under section 47J(1) or 47M, or section 23H(1) or 47(6) of the Active Mobility Act 2017. [12/2021] (2) Every competency test certificate seized under subsection (1) must be forwarded to the relevant authority who issued the competency test certificate, and the relevant authority may — ( a ) return the competency test certificate to the individual who produced it, if the relevant authority is satisfied that the competency test certificate was lawfully in the possession of the individual who produced it; or ( b ) in any other case, deal with it in such manner as the test authority thinks fit. [12/2021] (3) However, the authority conferred by subsection (1) to seize a competency test certificate or any article resembling a competency test certificate does not extend to a mobile communication device or other electronic device on which a digital competency test certificate is displayed. [12/2021] Division 3 &#x2014; Miscellaneous [12/2021]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s48
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 48
title: Rules for purposes of this Part
content:
48. —(1) The Minister may make rules for any purpose for which rules may be made under this Part and for prescribing anything which may be prescribed under this Part and otherwise for the purpose of carrying this Part into effect and, in particular, may make rules — ( a ) to regulate the granting and renewal of driving licences under section 35 or competency test certificates under section 47H(1), to prescribe the form of application for and the contents of driving licences under section 35 or competency test certificates under section 47H(1), to prescribe the fees to be charged therefor and the manner of payment thereof; ( b ) with respect to the nature of tests of competence to drive a motor vehicle or ride a road‑only PAB on roads, the administration of the tests of competence, and evidence of the result of attending and successfully completing any such test; ( c ) to require a person submitting himself or herself for a test to provide a motor vehicle for the purpose thereof and to prescribe the fee to be charged for a test; ( d ) to ensure that a person submitting himself or herself for a test and failing to pass that test is not eligible to submit himself or herself for another test by the same or any other person before the end of a prescribed period except under an order made by a court under the power conferred by section 36(7); ( e ) to prescribe the record to be kept in respect of driving licences under section 35 or competency test certificates under section 47H(1); ( f ) to provide special facilities for granting driving licences to persons not resident in Singapore; ( g ) for modifying the provisions of this Part relating to the licensing of drivers of motor vehicles in the case of persons resident abroad and who enter Singapore intending to make only a temporary stay in Singapore; ( h ) to make any particulars with respect to persons, who are disqualified from holding or obtaining driving licences or whose licences are suspended, available for use by the Deputy Commissioner of Police, to prevent a person holding more than one driving licence, to facilitate the identification of holders of driving licences, to provide for the issue of a new licence in the place of a driving licence lost or defaced on payment of a prescribed fee (if any) and in connection with driving licences generally; and ( i ) to prescribe the circumstances in which a person may be required to be certified by a registered medical practitioner as fit to drive a vehicle, or may be required by the Deputy Commissioner of Police to pass any prescribed test of competence to drive, before the granting or renewal of the person’s driving licence. [28/2014; 12/2021] (2) The Minister may by those rules confer on the Deputy Commissioner of Police a discretion to waive, in any particular case, the application of any of those rules to or in relation to any person subject to any conditions that the Deputy Commissioner of Police may impose. [28/2014]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s49
chapter: PART 2 - LICENSING OF DRIVERS AND RIDERS
section: 49
title: Exemption
content:
49. Any person who is a member of the Singapore Armed Forces or the Singapore Civil Defence Force and is in possession of a certificate or document issued to him or her by the competent authority of the Singapore Armed Forces or the Singapore Civil Defence Force to drive a motor vehicle of a class or description specified in the certificate or document may drive a vehicle of the class or description specified in the certificate or document, the vehicle being in the possession of the Singapore Armed Forces or the Singapore Civil Defence Force, even though he or she has not been granted a driving licence under this Part.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s50
chapter: PART 3 - LICENSING OF DRIVING INSTRUCTORS AND
section: 50
title: Definition of driving instructor
content:
50. In this Part, “driving instructor” means a person who gives instruction in the driving of a motor vehicle for a fee or reward.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s51
chapter: PART 3 - LICENSING OF DRIVING INSTRUCTORS AND
section: 51
title: Licensing of driving instructors
content:
51. —(1) A person must not act as a driving instructor unless the person is the holder of a licence (called in this Part an instructor’s licence) granted to the person by the Deputy Commissioner of Police authorising the person to do so. (2) A person who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $2,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months or to both. (3) The Minister may exempt any body or organisation from subsection (1) subject to any conditions that he or she thinks fit to impose.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s52
chapter: PART 3 - LICENSING OF DRIVING INSTRUCTORS AND
section: 52
title: Application for instructor’s licence
content:
52. —(1) An application for an instructor’s licence must be made to the Deputy Commissioner of Police and must be in the form required by the Deputy Commissioner of Police. (2) Upon receiving an application under subsection (1), the Deputy Commissioner of Police must consider the application and may grant an instructor’s licence, with or without conditions, or refuse to grant such a licence. (3) Where an instructor’s licence is subject to conditions, the driving instructor to whom the licence is granted must comply with the conditions. (4) The Deputy Commissioner of Police may at any time vary or revoke any of the existing conditions of an instructor’s licence or impose conditions or additional conditions thereto. (5) A driving instructor who fails to comply with any of the conditions of the instructor’s licence shall be guilty of an offence.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s53
chapter: PART 3 - LICENSING OF DRIVING INSTRUCTORS AND
section: 53
title: Revocation or suspension of instructor’s licence
content:
53. —(1) The Deputy Commissioner of Police may revoke or suspend an instructor’s licence — ( a ) if the Deputy Commissioner of Police is satisfied that the driving instructor — (i) has improperly obtained the instructor’s licence contrary to the provisions of this Part or any rules made thereunder; (ii) is no longer a fit and proper person to continue to hold an instructor’s licence by reason of the driving instructor’s conduct or physical disability; or (iii) is contravening or has contravened any of the provisions of this Part or any rules made thereunder; or ( b ) if the Deputy Commissioner of Police considers it in the public interest to do so. (2) The Deputy Commissioner of Police must, before revoking or suspending an instructor’s licence under subsection (1), give the driving instructor concerned written notice of his or her intention to do so specifying a date, at least 14 days after the date of the notice, upon which the revocation or suspension is to be made and calling upon the driving instructor to show cause to the Deputy Commissioner of Police why the instructor’s licence should not be revoked or suspended. (3) Where the Deputy Commissioner of Police has revoked or suspended an instructor’s licence under subsection (1), he or she must immediately inform the driving instructor concerned by written notice of the revocation or suspension. (4) A driving instructor may, within 14 days of the receipt of the notice mentioned in subsection (3), appeal in writing against the revocation or suspension to the Commissioner of Police whose decision is final. [4/2006; 28/2014] (5) An order of revocation or suspension does not take effect until the end of a period of 14 days after the Deputy Commissioner of Police has informed the driving instructor concerned of the order. (6) If within that period the driving instructor concerned appeals to the Commissioner of Police, the order does not take effect until it is confirmed by the Commissioner of Police or the appeal is for any reason dismissed by the Commissioner of Police. [28/2014] (7) Where an order of revocation or suspension becomes effective under subsection (5), the driving instructor concerned must, as from the date when the order becomes effective, cease to give instruction to any person in the driving of a motor vehicle. (8) A driving instructor whose licence has been revoked under this section must immediately surrender it to the Deputy Commissioner of Police.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s54
chapter: PART 3 - LICENSING OF DRIVING INSTRUCTORS AND
section: 54
title: Licensing of driving school
content:
54. —(1) A person must not carry on the business of a driving school unless the person is the holder of a licence (called in this Part a driving school licence) granted to the person by the Deputy Commissioner of Police authorising the person to do so. (2) A person carries on the business of a driving school if the person engages or employs other persons or agents to give instruction to persons in the driving of a motor vehicle. (3) Any person who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $2,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months or to both.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s55
chapter: PART 3 - LICENSING OF DRIVING INSTRUCTORS AND
section: 55
title: Application for driving school licence
content:
55. —(1) An application for a driving school licence must be made to the Deputy Commissioner of Police and must be in the form required by the Deputy Commissioner of Police. (2) On receipt of an application, the Deputy Commissioner of Police may require the applicant to furnish him or her with any additional documents or information that the Deputy Commissioner of Police may require. (3) The Deputy Commissioner of Police may grant a driving school licence, with or without conditions, or refuse to grant such a licence.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s56
chapter: PART 3 - LICENSING OF DRIVING INSTRUCTORS AND
section: 56
title: Cash deposit
content:
56. The Deputy Commissioner of Police may, before granting a driving school licence, require the applicant to give security in the form of a cash deposit in an amount that may be prescribed to ensure that the provisions of this Part or any rules made thereunder and the conditions of the licence are observed.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s57
chapter: PART 3 - LICENSING OF DRIVING INSTRUCTORS AND
section: 57
title: Revocation of driving school licence and forfeiture of deposit
content:
57. The Deputy Commissioner of Police may revoke a driving school licence and forfeit the whole or any part of the money deposited with him or her under section 56 if the Deputy Commissioner of Police is satisfied that the owner of the driving school — ( a ) has carried on the driving school in an improper or unsatisfactory manner; ( b ) has failed to comply with any of the conditions upon which the driving school licence was granted; or ( c ) has been convicted of an offence under this Act or the rules. [10/2017]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s58
chapter: PART 3 - LICENSING OF DRIVING INSTRUCTORS AND
section: 58
title: Notice to owner of driving school
content:
58. —(1) The Deputy Commissioner of Police must, before revoking a driving school licence and forfeiting any deposit under section 57, give the owner of the driving school concerned written notice of his or her intention to do so — ( a ) specifying a date, at least 14 days after the date of the notice, upon which the revocation and forfeiture is to be made; and ( b ) calling upon the owner to show cause to the Deputy Commissioner of Police why the owner’s licence should not be revoked and why the owner’s deposit should not be forfeited. (2) The Deputy Commissioner of Police, on receiving any representation from the owner of the driving school, may instead of revoking the owner’s licence and forfeiting any deposit under section 57 impose on the owner a penalty not exceeding $500 and may recover the penalty from the cash deposit given by the owner to the Deputy Commissioner of Police. (3) Any person aggrieved by the decision made by the Deputy Commissioner of Police under section 57 may, within 14 days of the written notification to the person of the decision of the Deputy Commissioner of Police, appeal in writing to the Minister whose decision is final.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s59
chapter: PART 3 - LICENSING OF DRIVING INSTRUCTORS AND
section: 59
title: Refusal to grant or renew licence
content:
59. The Deputy Commissioner of Police may refuse to grant or renew any licence granted under this Part without assigning any reason.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s60
chapter: PART 3 - LICENSING OF DRIVING INSTRUCTORS AND
section: 60
title: Appeal to Minister or Commissioner of Police
content:
60. —(1) Any person aggrieved by the refusal of the Deputy Commissioner of Police to grant or renew any licence that may be granted or renewed under this Part may, within 14 days after receiving the written notification to the person of the refusal, appeal in writing — ( a ) in the case of a driving school licence — to the Minister; or ( b ) in the case of an instructor’s licence — to the Commissioner of Police. [28/2014] (2) The decision of the Minister or the Commissioner of Police (as the case may be) in an appeal under subsection (1) is final. [28/2014]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s61
chapter: PART 3 - LICENSING OF DRIVING INSTRUCTORS AND
section: 61
title: Rules for purposes of this Part
content:
61. The Minister may make rules for any purpose for which rules may be made under this Part and for prescribing anything which may be prescribed under this Part and otherwise for the purpose of carrying this Part into effect, and, in particular, may make rules — ( a ) regulating the granting of any licence under this Part and prescribing the form of application for and the contents of such licence; ( b ) requiring persons desiring to be driving instructors to attend and pass courses on driving instruction and any other tests and examinations that may be prescribed; ( c ) prescribing the kind of motor vehicles which may be used for driving instruction and driving tests and the conditions that must be complied with before such vehicles may be so used; ( d ) regulating the conduct of driving instructors when giving driving instruction; ( e ) regulating the activities of driving schools and prescribing the manner in which driving schools must conduct their business; ( f ) prescribing the maximum age of a driving instructor beyond which his or her instructor’s licence may not be renewed; ( g ) prescribing the form of records to be kept by driving instructors and driving schools and the particulars to be entered therein; ( h ) prescribing the conditions for a licence and the forms to be issued under this Part; ( i ) prescribing the duration of any licence granted under this Part; ( j ) prescribing the deposits payable by owners of driving schools; ( k ) exempting any person or class of persons from the provisions of this Part; and ( l ) prescribing fees for the purposes of this Part.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s62
chapter: PART 4 - GENERAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO
section: 62
title: Restriction on driving or riding by young persons
content:
62. —(1) A person must not do the following: ( a ) ride on a road a test‑needed‑to‑ride‑on‑road vehicle when the person is below the prescribed minimum riding age (if any) for riding such a vehicle on a road; ( b ) drive on a road any other motor vehicle when the person is below 18 years of age. [12/2021] (2) A person who has attained 18 years of age but who is below 21 years of age must not drive a heavy locomotive, light locomotive, motor tractor or heavy motor car on a road. (3) The burden of establishing his or her age rests on the applicant for a driving licence or competency test certificate. [12/2021] (4) A person who drives or causes or permits any person to drive a motor vehicle in contravention of this section shall be guilty of an offence. (5) A person prohibited by this section by reason of his or her age from driving a motor vehicle or a motor vehicle of any class is, for the purposes of Part 2, deemed to be disqualified under the provisions of that Part from holding or obtaining any licence other than a licence to drive any motor vehicles that he or she is not by this section forbidden to drive.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s62A
chapter: PART 4 - GENERAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO
section: 62A
title: Restriction on driving certain categories of heavy motor vehicles
content:
62A. A person who has attained the prescribed age must not drive a vehicle belonging to the following categories or classes of motor vehicles: ( a ) heavy locomotives; ( b ) light locomotives; ( c ) motor tractors; ( d ) heavy motor cars. [28/2014]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s63
chapter: PART 4 - GENERAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO
section: 63
title: Rate of speed
content:
63. —(1) Except as otherwise provided by this Act or the rules, it is not lawful for any person to drive a motor vehicle of any class or description on a road at a speed greater than any speed which may be prescribed as the maximum speed in relation to a vehicle of that class or description. [10/2017] (2) The Minister may, by notification in the Gazette , prohibit the driving of motor vehicles generally or of particular classes of motor vehicles above a specified speed over any specified road or part of a specified road either generally or for a specified time or times. (3) So long as any prohibition made under subsection (2) remains in force, the Minister may cause or permit to be placed or erected and maintained traffic signs which state the substance of the notification in the Gazette containing the prohibition and which are placed in positions that give adequate notice thereof to drivers of motor vehicles. (4) A person who drives a motor vehicle on a road at a speed exceeding any speed limit imposed by or in exercise of powers conferred by this Act shall be guilty of an offence.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s64
chapter: PART 4 - GENERAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO
section: 64
title: Reckless or dangerous driving
content:
64. —(1) A person must not, having regard to all the circumstances of the case, including the nature, condition and use of the road, and the volume of traffic which is, or might reasonably be expected to be, on the road at that time, drive a motor vehicle on a road — ( a ) recklessly; or ( b ) at a speed or in a manner which is dangerous to the public. (2) A person ( X ) commits an offence if — ( a ) X contravenes subsection (1); and ( b ) death is caused to another person by the driving of the motor vehicle by X . (3) A person ( Y ) commits an offence if — ( a ) Y contravenes subsection (1); and ( b ) grievous hurt is caused to another person by the driving of the motor vehicle by Y . (4) A person ( Z ) commits an offence if — ( a ) Z contravenes subsection (1); and ( b ) hurt is caused to another person by the driving of the motor vehicle by Z . (5) A person who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall on conviction — ( a ) be liable to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or to both; ( b ) if the person is a repeat offender — be liable to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years or to both; ( c ) if the person is a serious offender in relation to the driving — be liable to a fine of not less than $2,000 and not more than $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or to both, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ); or ( d ) if the person is a serious repeat offender in relation to the driving — be punished with a fine of not less than $5,000 and not more than $20,000 and with imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ). (6) A person who is guilty of an offence under subsection (2) shall be punished on conviction — ( a ) with imprisonment for a term not exceeding 8 years; ( b ) if the person is a repeat offender — with imprisonment for a term of not less than 2 years and not more than 15 years; ( c ) if the person is a serious offender in relation to the driving — with imprisonment for a term of not less than one year and not more than 2 years, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ); or ( d ) if the person is a serious repeat offender in relation to the driving — with imprisonment for a term of not less than 2 years and not more than 4 years, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ). (7) A person who is guilty of an offence under subsection (3) shall be punished on conviction — ( a ) with imprisonment for a term not exceeding 5 years; ( b ) if the person is a repeat offender — with imprisonment for a term of not less than one year and not more than 10 years; ( c ) if the person is a serious offender in relation to the driving — with a fine of not less than $2,000 and not more than $10,000 and with imprisonment for a term of not less than 6 months and not more than one year, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ); or ( d ) if the person is a serious repeat offender in relation to the driving — with a fine of not less than $5,000 and not more than $20,000 and with imprisonment for a term of not less than one year and not more than 2 years, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ). (8) A person who is guilty of an offence under subsection (4) shall on conviction — ( a ) be liable to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years or to both; ( b ) if the person is a repeat offender — be liable to a fine not exceeding $20,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 4 years or to both; ( c ) if the person is a serious offender in relation to the driving — be liable to a fine of not less than $2,000 and not more than $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or to both, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ); or ( d ) if the person is a serious repeat offender in relation to the driving — be punished with a fine of not less than $5,000 and not more than $20,000 and with imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ). (9) A court convicting a person of an offence under subsection (2), (3), (4) or (5) in the following cases is to, unless the court for special reasons thinks fit to not order or to order otherwise, order that the person be disqualified from holding or obtaining a driving licence for a disqualification period of not less than the specified period corresponding to that case: ( a ) for a serious offender in subsection (5)( c ) — 2 years; ( b ) for a serious repeat offender in subsection (5)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on only one earlier occasion of any specified offence — 5 years; ( c ) for a repeat offender in subsection (6)( b ) — 10 years; ( d ) for a serious offender in subsection (6)( c ) — 12 years; ( e ) for a serious repeat offender in subsection (6)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on only one earlier occasion of any specified offence — 15 years; ( f ) for a repeat offender in subsection (7)( b ) — 8 years; ( g ) for a serious offender in subsection (7)( c ) — 10 years; ( h ) for a serious repeat offender in subsection (7)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on only one earlier occasion of any specified offence — 13 years; ( i ) for a serious offender in subsection (8)( c ) — 2 years; ( j ) for a serious repeat offender in subsection (8)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on only one earlier occasion of any specified offence — 5 years. (10) A court convicting a person of an offence under subsection (2), (3), (4) or (5) in the following cases is to order that the person be disqualified from holding or obtaining a driving licence for life starting on the date of the person’s conviction, unless the court for special reasons thinks fit to order a shorter period: ( a ) a serious repeat offender in subsection (5)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on 2 or more earlier occasions of any specified offence; ( b ) a serious repeat offender in subsection (6)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on 2 or more earlier occasions of any specified offence; ( c ) a serious repeat offender in subsection (7)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on 2 or more earlier occasions of any specified offence; ( d ) a serious repeat offender in subsection (8)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on 2 or more earlier occasions of any specified offence. (11) A person is a repeat offender in relation to an offence under subsection (2), (3), (4) or (5) (called the current offence), respectively, if — ( a ) the person in the respective subsection has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on at least one other earlier occasion of any of the following offences: (i) an offence under subsection (2), (3), (4) or (5); (ii) an offence under section 65 or 116; (iii) an offence under this section, or section 65 or 66, as in force immediately before 1 November 2019; (iv) an offence under this section, or section 65, as in force on or after 1 November 2019 but before the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025; (v) an offence under section 279, 304A, 336, 337 or 338 of the Penal Code 1871 where the act constituting the offence involves the use of a motor vehicle; or ( b ) the person in the respective subsection meets both of the following criteria: (i) the person has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) of an offence under section 63(4) on at least 2 other earlier occasions within the period of 5 years immediately before the date on which the person is convicted of the current offence; (ii) in respect of at least 2 of those convictions, the court is satisfied that in committing the offence under section 63(4), the person had driven a motor vehicle on a road at a speed which exceeded by more than 40 kilometres per hour the speed limit imposed by or in exercise of powers conferred by this Act. (12) Where a person is convicted of abetting the commission of an offence under this section and it is proved that the person was present in the motor vehicle at the time of the commission of the offence, the offence of which the person is convicted is, for the purpose of the provisions of Part 2 relating to disqualification from holding or obtaining driving licences, deemed to be an offence in connection with the driving of a motor vehicle. (13) Any police officer may arrest without warrant any person who has committed or is committing an offence under this section. (14) Despite the Criminal Procedure Code 2010, a District Court or a Magistrate’s Court has jurisdiction to try any offence under this section and has power to impose the full punishment specified in this section. (15) Where subsections (6) and (7) prescribe a minimum term of imprisonment on conviction for an offence under subsection (2) or (3), respectively, the court is to impose a sentence of imprisonment that is equal to or greater than the prescribed minimum term of imprisonment unless the court for special reasons thinks fit to order a shorter term of imprisonment. (16) In this section and section 65 — “disqualification period”, for an offender convicted of an offence under this section or section 65 (as the case may be), means the period that the offender is disqualified from holding or obtaining a driving licence because of that conviction, starting on the later of the following dates: ( a ) the date of the offender’s conviction; ( b ) the date of the offender’s release from prison, if the offender is sentenced to imprisonment for that offence; “grievous”, in relation to hurt, has the meaning given by section 320 (except paragraph ( aa )) of the Penal Code 1871; “hurt” has the meaning given by section 319 of the Penal Code 1871; “serious offender” — ( a ) in relation to an offence under subsection (2), (3), (4) or (5) (each called a section 64 offence), means an offender who is convicted of an offence under section 67 or 70(4), in addition to that section 64 offence, in relation to the offender’s driving; and ( b ) in relation to an offence under section 65(2), (3), (4) or (5) (each called a section 65 offence), means an offender who is convicted of an offence under section 67 or 70(4), in addition to that section 65 offence, in relation to the offender’s driving; “serious repeat offender” — ( a ) in relation to an offence under subsection (2), (3), (4) or (5) (each called a section 64 offence), means an offender who — (i) is convicted of an offence under section 67 or 70(4), in addition to that section 64 offence, in relation to the offender’s driving; and (ii) has been convicted on at least one other earlier occasion of a specified offence; and ( b ) in relation to an offence under section 65(2), (3), (4) or (5) (each called a section 65 offe


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s65
chapter: PART 4 - GENERAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO
section: 65
title: Driving without due care and attention or reasonable consideration
content:
65. —(1) A person must not drive a motor vehicle on a road — ( a ) without due care and attention; or ( b ) without reasonable consideration for other persons using the road. (2) A person ( X ) commits an offence if — ( a ) X contravenes subsection (1); and ( b ) death is caused to another person by the driving of the motor vehicle by X . (3) A person ( Y ) commits an offence if — ( a ) Y contravenes subsection (1); and ( b ) grievous hurt is caused to another person by the driving of the motor vehicle by Y . (4) A person ( Z ) commits an offence if — ( a ) Z contravenes subsection (1); and ( b ) hurt is caused to another person by the driving of the motor vehicle by Z . (5) A person who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall on conviction — ( a ) be liable to a fine not exceeding $1,500 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months or to both; ( b ) if the person is a repeat offender — be liable to a fine not exceeding $3,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or to both; ( c ) if the person is a serious offender in relation to the driving — be liable to a fine of not less than $2,000 and not more than $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or to both, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ); or ( d ) if the person is a serious repeat offender in relation to the driving — be punished with a fine of not less than $5,000 and not more than $20,000 and with imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ). (6) A person who is guilty of an offence under subsection (2) shall on conviction — ( a ) be liable to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 years or to both; ( b ) if the person is a repeat offender — be liable to a fine not exceeding $20,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 years or to both; ( c ) if the person is a serious offender in relation to the driving — be punished with imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ); or ( d ) if the person is a serious repeat offender in relation to the driving — be punished with imprisonment for a term not exceeding 4 years, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ). (7) A person who is guilty of an offence under subsection (3) shall on conviction — ( a ) be liable to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years or to both; ( b ) if the person is a repeat offender — be liable to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 4 years or to both; ( c ) if the person is a serious offender in relation to the driving — be punished with a fine of not less than $2,000 and not more than $10,000 and with imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ); or ( d ) if the person is a serious repeat offender in relation to the driving — be punished with a fine of not less than $5,000 and not more than $20,000 and with imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ). (8) A person who is guilty of an offence under subsection (4) shall on conviction — ( a ) be liable to a fine not exceeding $2,500 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or to both; ( b ) if the person is a repeat offender — be liable to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years or to both; ( c ) if the person is a serious offender in relation to the driving — be liable to a fine of not less than $2,000 and not more than $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or to both, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ); or ( d ) if the person is a serious repeat offender in relation to the driving — be punished with a fine of not less than $5,000 and not more than $20,000 and with imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ). (9) A court convicting a person of an offence under subsection (2), (3), (4) or (5) in the following cases is to, unless the court for special reasons thinks fit to not order or to order otherwise, order that the person be disqualified from holding or obtaining a driving licence for a disqualification period of not less than the specified period corresponding to that case: ( a ) for a serious offender in subsection (5)( c ) — 2 years; ( b ) for a serious repeat offender in subsection (5)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on only one earlier occasion of any specified offence — 5 years; ( c ) for a repeat offender in subsection (6)( b ) — 8 years; ( d ) for a serious offender in subsection (6)( c ) — 10 years; ( e ) for a serious repeat offender in subsection (6)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on only one earlier occasion of any specified offence — 13 years; ( f ) for a repeat offender in subsection (7)( b ) — 5 years; ( g ) for a serious offender in subsection (7)( c ) — 7 years; ( h ) for a serious repeat offender in subsection (7)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on only one earlier occasion of any specified offence — 10 years; ( i ) for a serious offender in subsection (8)( c ) — 2 years; ( j ) for a serious repeat offender in subsection (8)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on only one earlier occasion of any specified offence — 5 years. (10) A court convicting a person of an offence under subsection (2), (3), (4) or (5) in the following cases is to order that the person be disqualified from holding or obtaining a driving licence for life starting on the date of the person’s conviction, unless the court for special reasons thinks fit to order a shorter period: ( a ) a serious repeat offender in subsection (5)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on 2 or more earlier occasions of any specified offence; ( b ) a serious repeat offender in subsection (6)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on 2 or more earlier occasions of any specified offence; ( c ) a serious repeat offender in subsection (7)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on 2 or more earlier occasions of any specified offence; ( d ) a serious repeat offender in subsection (8)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on 2 or more earlier occasions of any specified offence. (11) A person is a repeat offender in relation to an offence under subsection (2), (3), (4) or (5) (called the current offence), respectively, if — ( a ) the person in the respective subsection has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on at least one other earlier occasion of any of the following offences: (i) an offence under subsection (2), (3), (4) or (5); (ii) an offence under section 64 or 116; (iii) an offence under this section, or section 64 or 66, as in force immediately before 1 November 2019; (iv) an offence under this section, or section 64, as in force on or after 1 November 2019 but before the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025; (v) an offence under section 279, 304A, 336, 337 or 338 of the Penal Code 1871 where the act constituting the offence involves the use of a motor vehicle; or ( b ) the person in the respective subsection meets both of the following criteria: (i) the person has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) of an offence under section 63(4) on at least 2 other earlier occasions within the period of 5 years immediately before the date on which the person is convicted of the current offence; (ii) in respect of at least 2 of those convictions, the court is satisfied that in committing the offence under section 63(4), the person had driven a motor vehicle on a road at a speed which exceeded by more than 40 kilometres per hour the speed limit imposed by or in exercise of powers conferred by this Act. (12) Any police officer may arrest without warrant any person who has committed or is committing an offence under this section. (13) Despite the Criminal Procedure Code 2010, a District Court or a Magistrate’s Court has jurisdiction to try any offence under this section and has power to impose the full punishment specified in this section. [Act 2 of 2025 wef 12/06/2025]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s65AA
chapter: PART 4 - GENERAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO
section: 65AA
title: Court to order forfeiture of motor vehicle for reckless or dangerous driving, etc.
content:
65AA. —(1) Where any person has been convicted of an offence under — ( a ) section 64(2) as a serious offender in section 64(6)( c ) or as a serious repeat offender in section 64(6)( d ); [Act 2 of 2025 wef 12/06/2025] ( aa ) section 64(3) as a serious offender in section 64(7)(c) or as a serious repeat offender in section 64(7)( d ); [Act 2 of 2025 wef 12/06/2025] ( b ) section 65(2) as a serious offender in section 65(6)( c ) or as a serious repeat offender in section 65(6)( d ); or [Act 2 of 2025 wef 12/06/2025] ( ba ) section 65(3) as a serious offender in section 65(7)( c ) or as a serious repeat offender in section 65(7)( d ), [Act 2 of 2025 wef 12/06/2025] and it is proved to the satisfaction of a court that a motor vehicle has been used in the commission of the offence, the court is to, on the application of the Public Prosecutor, make an order for the forfeiture of the motor vehicle, unless the court is satisfied that — ( c ) the person who has committed the offence is not the owner of the motor vehicle; and ( d ) the person who has committed the offence had used the motor vehicle without the consent of the owner. [19/2019] (2) Where any person has been convicted of an offence under section 64(2) as an offender or a repeat offender in section 64(6)( a ) or ( b ), or section 26(2) of the Police Force Act 2004 (which offence is committed on or after 1 November 2019), and it is proved to the satisfaction of a court that a motor vehicle has been used in the commission of the offence, the court is to, on the application of the Public Prosecutor, make an order for the forfeiture of the motor vehicle, unless — ( a ) the court is satisfied that — (i) the person who has committed the offence is not the owner of the motor vehicle; and (ii) the person who has committed the offence had used the motor vehicle without the consent of the owner; or ( b ) the court has other good reasons for ordering otherwise. [19/2019] [Act 2 of 2025 wef 12/06/2025] (3) Any motor vehicle in respect of which there has been or there is reasonable cause to suspect that there has been committed an offence mentioned in subsection (1) or (2), may be seized by any police officer or the Registrar or any officer authorised in writing by the Registrar. [19/2019] (4) If there is no prosecution with regard to an offence mentioned in subsection (1) or (2), any motor vehicle seized pursuant to subsection (3) in relation to the offence must be released at the end of one month starting from the date of seizure if it is not earlier released. [19/2019] (5) In this section, a repeat offender, a serious offender or a serious repeat offender, in relation to an offence under section 64 or 65, has the meaning given by section 64 or 65, respectively. [19/2019]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s65A
chapter: PART 4 - GENERAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO
section: 65A
title: Collision of heavy motor vehicles and public service vehicles with buildings or structures
content:
65A. —(1) Any person who, when driving or attempting to drive — ( a ) a heavy motor vehicle as defined in section 79(6); or ( b ) any public service vehicle which is classified as a type of bus under the Second Schedule, causes the heavy motor vehicle or public service vehicle to collide with any building or structure shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years or to both and, in the case of a second or subsequent conviction, to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 5 years or to both. (1A) The Minister may, by notification in the Gazette , prescribe particulars of any structure including its location and maximum headroom measurement. [4/2006] (2) In this section, “structure” includes any bus shelter, gantry post, overhead bridge and pillar.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s65B
chapter: PART 4 - GENERAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO
section: 65B
title: Use of mobile communication device while driving
content:
65B. —(1) A driver of a vehicle who holds in his or her hand a mobile communication device and operates any of its communicative or other functions, while the vehicle is in motion on a road or in a public place is guilty of an offence and is liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $1,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months or to both. [28/2014; 9/2020] (1A) To avoid doubt, subsection (1) does not apply to a mobile communication device that is a wearable device (such as a smart watch), when it is worn by the driver or rider in the manner intended by the manufacturer of the wearable device. [9/2020] (2) Where a person who is convicted or found guilty of an offence under subsection (1) is a repeat offender, the person is liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $2,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or to both. [28/2014] (3) In this section — “communicative function” means any of the following functions: ( a ) sending or receiving oral or written messages, audio phone calls or video calls; ( b ) sending or receiving electronic documents; ( c ) sending or receiving still or moving images; ( d ) sending or receiving audio or video files; ( e ) providing access to the Internet; “mobile communication device” means — ( a ) a mobile phone; or ( b ) any wireless handheld device (such as a tablet computer) or wearable device (such as a smart watch) designed or capable of being used for a communicative function; “repeat offender”, in relation to an offence under subsection (1), means a person who is convicted or found guilty of that offence (called the current offence) and who was previously convicted or found guilty of — ( a ) an offence under subsection (1); ( b ) an offence under section 65B as in force immediately before 1 February 2015; or ( c ) an offence under section 65B as in force immediately before 1 August 2020, on at least one previous occasion before the date on which the person is convicted or found guilty of the current offence. [28/2014; 9/2020] 66. [ Repealed by Act 19 of 2019 wef 01/11/2019 ]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s67
chapter: PART 4 - GENERAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO
section: 67
title: Driving while under influence of drink, etc.
content:
67. —(1) Any person who, when driving or attempting to drive a motor vehicle on a road or other public place — ( a ) is unfit to drive in that he or she is under the influence of drink, a drug, a psychoactive substance or an intoxicating substance to such an extent as to be incapable of having proper control of the vehicle; or [Act 12 of 2023 wef 01/06/2024] ( b ) has so much alcohol in his or her body that the proportion of it in his or her breath or blood exceeds the prescribed limit, shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine of not less than $2,000 and not more than $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or to both and, in the case of a second or subsequent conviction, to a fine of not less than $5,000 and not more than $20,000 and to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years. [19/2019] (2) Subject to sections 64(9) and (10) and 65(9) and (10), a court convicting a person for an offence under this section in the following cases is to, unless the court for special reasons thinks fit to not order or to order otherwise, order that the person be disqualified from holding or obtaining a driving licence for a period of not less than the specified period corresponding to that case, starting on the date of the person’s conviction or, where the person is sentenced to imprisonment, on the date of the person’s release from prison: ( a ) for a first offender — 2 years; ( b ) for a repeat offender — 5 years. [19/2019] [Act 2 of 2025 wef 12/06/2025] (2A) Subject to sections 64(9) and (10) and 65(9) and (10), where a court convicts a person for an offence under subsection (1) and the person has been convicted (whether before, on or after 1 November 2019) on 2 or more earlier occasions of an offence under subsection (1), section 68, or subsection (1) as in force immediately before 1 November 2019, the court is to, unless the court for special reasons thinks fit to order a shorter period of disqualification, order that the person be disqualified from holding or obtaining a driving licence for life starting on the date of the person’s conviction. [19/2019] [Act 2 of 2025 wef 12/06/2025] (3) Any police officer may arrest without warrant any person committing an offence under this section. (4) In this section, a repeat offender means a person who is convicted of an offence under this section and who has been convicted (whether before, on or after 1 November 2019) on one other earlier occasion of — ( a ) an offence under subsection (1) or section 68; or ( b ) an offence under subsection (1) as in force immediately before 1 November 2019. [19/2019] [Act 12 of 2023 wef 01/06/2024]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s67A
chapter: PART 4 - GENERAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO
section: 67A
title: Enhanced penalties for offenders with previous convictions under certain sections
content:
67A. —(1) Where a person having been convicted of 2 or more specified offences is again convicted of any one of the specified offences (whether or not the same specified offence), the court has the power to impose a punishment in excess of that prescribed for the conviction as follows: ( a ) where the court is satisfied, by reason of the person’s previous convictions or the person’s antecedents, that it is expedient for the protection of the public or with the view to the prevention of further commission of any such offence that a punishment in excess of that prescribed for such a conviction should be awarded, then the court may punish the offender with punishment not exceeding 3 times the amount of punishment to which he or she would otherwise have been liable for the conviction except that where imprisonment is imposed it shall not exceed 10 years; ( b ) despite sections 303 and 309 of the Criminal Procedure Code 2010, if — (i) the offender causes any serious injury or death to another person when committing — (A) whether before, on or after 1 November 2019 the offence under section 43(4), 47(5), 47C(7), 63(4), 64(1) (as in force immediately before the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) or 67(1); [Act 2 of 2025 wef 12/06/2025] (B) on or after 1 November 2019, the offence under section 65(1) (as in force immediately before the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) or 68(1); [Act 2 of 2025 wef 12/06/2025] (BA) on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025, the offence under section 64(2), (3) or (4) or 65(2), (3) or (4); or [Act 2 of 2025 wef 12/06/2025] (C) the offence under section 43(4), 64(1), 66(1) or 67(1) as in force immediately before 1 November 2019; or (ii) in the case of an offender under section 70(4), the offender had, in driving or attempting to drive a motor vehicle at the time of any accident leading to the offender’s arrest under section 69(5), caused any serious injury or death to another person, the court may also punish the offender, subject to sections 325(1) and 330(1) of the Criminal Procedure Code 2010, with caning with not more than 6 strokes. [15/2010; 19/2019; 12/2021] (2) This section does not apply to a person who has been convicted of an offence under section 63(4) unless the court is satisfied that in committing the offence and the offence in respect of which he or she had been previously convicted, he or she had driven a motor vehicle on a road at a speed which exceeded by more than 40 kilometres per hour the speed limit imposed by or in exercise of powers conferred by this Act. [Act 2 of 2025 wef 12/06/2025] (3) In subsection (1) — “serious injury” has the meaning given by section 47D; “specified offence” means an offence under — ( a ) section 43(4), 47(5), 47C(7), 63(4), 64(1) (as in force immediately before the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025), 67(1) or 70(4) that is committed whether before, on or after 1 November 2019; [Act 2 of 2025 wef 12/06/2025] ( b ) section 65(1) (as in force immediately before the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) or 68(1) that is committed on or after 1 November 2019; [Act 2 of 2025 wef 12/06/2025] ( ba ) section 64(2), (3) or (4) or 65(2), (3) or (4) that is committed on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025; or [Act 2 of 2025 wef 12/06/2025] ( c ) section 43(4), 64(1), 66(1) or 67(1) as in force immediately before 1 November 2019. [19/2019] (4) Despite any provision to the contrary in the Criminal Procedure Code 2010, a District Court or Magistrate’s Court may award the full punishment prescribed by this section.


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s68
chapter: PART 4 - GENERAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO
section: 68
title: Being in charge of motor vehicle when under influence of drink, etc.
content:
68. —(1) Any person who when in charge of a motor vehicle which is on a road or other public place but not driving the vehicle — ( a ) is unfit to drive in that he or she is under the influence of drink, a drug, a psychoactive substance or an intoxicating substance to such an extent as to be incapable of having proper control of a vehicle; or [Act 12 of 2023 wef 01/06/2024] ( b ) has so much alcohol in his or her body that the proportion of it in his or her breath or blood exceeds the prescribed limit, shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine of not less than $500 and not more than $2,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months and, in the case of a second or subsequent conviction, to a fine of not less than $1,000 and not more than $5,000 and to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months. (2) For the purpose of subsection (1), a person is deemed not to have been in charge of a motor vehicle if the person proves — ( a ) that at the material time the circumstances were such that there was no likelihood of the person’s driving the vehicle so long as he or she remained so unfit to drive or so long as the proportion of alcohol in his or her breath or blood remained in excess of the prescribed limit; and ( b ) that between the person becoming so unfit to drive and the material time, or between the time when the proportion of alcohol in his or her breath or blood first exceeded the prescribed limit and the material time, he or she had not driven the vehicle on a road or other public place. (3) On a second or subsequent conviction for an offence under this section, the offender is, unless the court for special reasons thinks fit to order otherwise and without prejudice to the power of the court to order a longer period of disqualification, disqualified from holding or obtaining a driving licence for a period of 12 months from the date of his or her release from prison. (4) Where a person convicted of an offence under this section has been previously convicted of an offence under section 67, he or she is treated for the purpose of this section as having been previously convicted under this section. (5) Any police officer may arrest without warrant any person committing an offence under this section. [Act 12 of 2023 wef 01/06/2024]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s69
chapter: PART 4 - GENERAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO
section: 69
title: Preliminary breath tests
content:
69. —(1) Where a police officer has reasonable cause to suspect that — ( a ) a person driving or attempting to drive or in charge of a motor vehicle on a road or other public place has alcohol in his or her body or has committed a traffic offence while the vehicle was in motion; ( b ) a person has been driving or attempting to drive or been in charge of a motor vehicle on a road or other public place with alcohol in his or her body and that he or she still has alcohol in his or her body; ( c ) a person has been driving or attempting to drive or been in charge of a motor vehicle on a road or other public place and has committed a traffic offence while the vehicle was in motion; or ( d ) a person has been driving or attempting to drive or been in charge of a motor vehicle on a road or other public place when an accident occurred — (i) between that motor vehicle and one or more other motor vehicles; or (ii) causing any injury or death to another person, the police officer may, subject to section 71, require that person to provide a specimen of his or her breath for a preliminary breath test. [10/2017] (2) A person may be required under subsection (1) to provide a specimen of his or her breath either at or near the place where the requirement is made or, if the requirement is made under subsection (1)( d ) and the police officer making the requirement thinks fit, at a police station specified by the police officer. (3) A preliminary breath test required under subsection (1) must be conducted by a police officer. [11/96; 10/2017] (3A) Despite subsection (1), an immigration officer may, if the immigration officer considers it necessary to do so for the prevention or detection of an offence under section 67 or 68, require any person within or in the vicinity of an authorised checkpoint to provide a specimen of his or her breath for a preliminary breath test. [Act 2 of 2025 wef 03/10/2025] (4) A person who, without reasonable excuse, fails to provide a specimen of his or her breath when required to do so pursuant to this section shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine of not less than $1,000 and not more than $5,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months and, in the case of a second or subsequent conviction, to a fine of not less than $3,000 and not more than $10,000 and to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months. (5) A police officer or an immigration officer may arrest a person without warrant if — ( a ) as a result of a preliminary breath test the police officer or immigration officer has reasonable cause to suspect that the proportion of alcohol in that person’s breath or blood exceeds the prescribed limit; [Act 2 of 2025 wef 03/10/2025] ( b ) that person has failed to provide a specimen of his or her breath for a preliminary breath test when required to do so pursuant to this section and the police officer or immigration officer has reasonable cause to suspect that that person has alcohol in his or her body; or [Act 2 of 2025 wef 03/10/2025] ( c ) the police officer or immigration officer has reasonable cause to suspect that that person is under the influence of a drug, a psychoactive substance or an intoxicating substance. [Act 12 of 2023 wef 01/06/2024] [Act 2 of 2025 wef 03/10/2025] [10/2017] (6) A person must not be arrested by virtue of subsection (5) when he or she is at a hospital as a patient. (7) In this section — “authorised checkpoint” means any authorised landing place, authorised point of entry, authorised departing place or authorised point of departure declared under section 5 of the Immigration Act 1959; “immigration officer” means any person appointed under section 3 of the Immigration Act 1959. [Act 2 of 2025 wef 03/10/2025]


document_id: rta-1961
provision_ref: s70
chapter: PART 4 - GENERAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO
section: 70
title: Provision of specimen for analysis
content:
70. —(1) In the course of an investigation whether a person arrested under section 69(5) has committed an offence under section 67 or 68, a police officer may, subject to the provisions of this section and section 71, require the person — ( a ) to provide a specimen of his or her breath for a breath test under this section; or ( b ) to provide to a registered medical practitioner, at any place that may be determined by the police officer, a specimen of his or her blood for a laboratory test, even though he or she has been required to provide a specimen of his or her breath for a preliminary breath test. [28/2014; 10/2017] (2) A breath test under this section must be conducted by a police officer and may be conducted either at or near the place where the arrest is made, or at a police station. [24/2010] (3) A requirement under this section to provide a specimen of blood — ( a ) must not be made unless — (i) the police officer making the requirement has reasonable cause to believe that for medical reasons a specimen of breath cannot be provided or should not be required; (ii) when the requirement is made, there is no breath analysing device of a type approved for a breath test under this section at the police station or at or near the place where the arrest was made, or it is for any other reason not practicable to conduct a breath test under this section; or (iii) the police officer making the requirement has reasonable cause to suspect that the person required to provide the specimen is under the influence of a drug, a psychoactive substance or an intoxicating substance; and [Act 12 of 2023 wef 01/06/2024] ( b ) may be made even though the person required to provide the specimen has already provided or been required to provide a specimen of his or her breath. [10/2017] (4) A person who, without reasonable excuse, fails to provide a specimen when required to do so pursuant to this section shall be guilty of an offence and if it is shown that at the time of any accident mentioned in section 69(1)( d ) or of his or her arrest under section 69(5) — ( a ) he or she was driving or attempting to drive a motor vehicle on a road or any other public place, he or she shall be liable on conviction to be punished as if the offence charged were an offence under section 67; or ( b ) he or she was in charge of a motor vehicle on a road or any other public place, he or she shall be liable on conviction to be punished as if the offence charged were an offence under section 68. (5) A police officer must, on requiring any person under this section to provide a specimen for a laboratory test, warn the person that failure to provide a specimen of blood may make the person liable to imprisonment, a fine and disqualification, and, if the police officer fails to do so, the court before which that person is charged with an offence under subsection (4) may dismiss the charge.


