使用ChaCha20对称密钥（Poly1305模式）加解密(ArkTS)
====================================

从API version 22开始，算法库支持该算法。

对应的算法规格请查看[对称密钥加解密算法规格：ChaCha20](https://developer.huawei.com/consumer/cn/doc/harmonyos-guides/crypto-sym-encrypt-decrypt-spec#chacha20)。

#### 开发步骤

**创建对象**

调用[cryptoFramework.createSymKeyGenerator](https://developer.huawei.com/consumer/cn/doc/harmonyos-references/js-apis-cryptoframework#cryptoframeworkcreatesymkeygenerator)、[SymKeyGenerator.generateSymKey](https://developer.huawei.com/consumer/cn/doc/harmonyos-references/js-apis-cryptoframework#generatesymkey-1)，生成密钥算法为ChaCha20的对称密钥（SymKey）。

如何生成ChaCha20对称密钥，开发者可参考下文示例，并结合[对称密钥生成和转换规格：ChaCha20](https://developer.huawei.com/consumer/cn/doc/harmonyos-guides/crypto-sym-key-generation-conversion-spec#chacha20)和[随机生成对称密钥](https://developer.huawei.com/consumer/cn/doc/harmonyos-guides/crypto-generate-sym-key-randomly)理解。参考文档与示例可能存在入参差异，请注意区分。

**加密**

1.  调用[cryptoFramework.createCipher](https://developer.huawei.com/consumer/cn/doc/harmonyos-references/js-apis-cryptoframework#cryptoframeworkcreatecipher)，指定字符串参数'ChaCha20|Poly1305'，创建对称密钥类型为ChaCha20、模式为Poly1305的Cipher实例，用于完成加密操作。
    
2.  调用[Cipher.init](https://developer.huawei.com/consumer/cn/doc/harmonyos-references/js-apis-cryptoframework#init-1)，设置模式为加密（cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.ENCRYPT\_MODE），指定加密密钥（SymKey）和Poly1305模式对应的加密参数（Poly1305ParamsSpec），初始化加密Cipher实例。
    
3.  调用[Cipher.update](https://developer.huawei.com/consumer/cn/doc/harmonyos-references/js-apis-cryptoframework#update-1)，更新数据（明文）。
    
4.  调用[Cipher.doFinal](https://developer.huawei.com/consumer/cn/doc/harmonyos-references/js-apis-cryptoframework#dofinal-1)，获取加密后的数据。
    
    ![](https://contentcenter-vali-drcn.dbankcdn.cn/pvt_2/DeveloperAlliance_scene_100_1/2c/v3/EZ0CkBypTTurRrUovshMjg/note_3.0-zh-cn.png?HW-CC-KV=V1&HW-CC-Date=20260612T073400Z&HW-CC-Expire=86400&HW-CC-Sign=5AB5DDFCE7B8FB2B0226F1CC84A74D824EBB3303613C7C5977994779BC0EA773)
    
    由于已使用update传入数据，此处data传入null。
    
    doFinal输出结果可能为null，在访问具体数据前，需要先判断结果是否为null，避免产生异常。
    
5.  读取[Poly1305ParamsSpec](https://developer.huawei.com/consumer/cn/doc/harmonyos-references/js-apis-cryptoframework#poly1305paramsspec22).authTag作为解密的认证信息。
    
    在Poly1305模式下，需要从加密后的数据中取出末尾16字节，作为解密时初始化的认证信息。
    

**解密**

1.  调用[cryptoFramework.createCipher](https://developer.huawei.com/consumer/cn/doc/harmonyos-references/js-apis-cryptoframework#cryptoframeworkcreatecipher)，指定字符串参数'ChaCha20|Poly1305'，创建对称密钥类型为ChaCha20、模式为Poly1305的Cipher实例，用于完成解密操作。
    
2.  调用[Cipher.init](https://developer.huawei.com/consumer/cn/doc/harmonyos-references/js-apis-cryptoframework#init-1)，设置模式为解密（cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.DECRYPT\_MODE），指定解密密钥（SymKey）和Poly1305模式对应的解密参数（Poly1305ParamsSpec），初始化解密Cipher实例。
    
3.  调用[Cipher.update](https://developer.huawei.com/consumer/cn/doc/harmonyos-references/js-apis-cryptoframework#update-1)，更新数据（密文）。
    
4.  调用[Cipher.doFinal](https://developer.huawei.com/consumer/cn/doc/harmonyos-references/js-apis-cryptoframework#dofinal-1)，获取解密后的数据。
    

*   异步方法示例：
    
    import { cryptoFramework } from '@kit.CryptoArchitectureKit';
    import { buffer } from '@kit.ArkTS';
    
    function generateRandom(len: number) {
      let rand = cryptoFramework.createRandom();
      let generateRandSync = rand.generateRandomSync(len);
      return generateRandSync;
    }
    
    function genPoly1305ParamsSpec() {
      let ivBlob = generateRandom(12); // 12 bytes
      let arr = \[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8\]; // 8 bytes
      let dataAad = new Uint8Array(arr);
      let aadBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: dataAad };
      arr = \[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0\]; // 16 bytes
      let dataTag = new Uint8Array(arr);
      let tagBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = {
        data: dataTag
      };
      // Poly1305的authTag在加密时从doFinal结果中获取，在解密时填入init函数的params参数中。
      let poly1305ParamsSpec: cryptoFramework.Poly1305ParamsSpec = {
        iv: ivBlob,
        aad: aadBlob,
        authTag: tagBlob,
        algName: 'Poly1305ParamsSpec'
      };
      return poly1305ParamsSpec;
    }
    
    let poly1305Params = genPoly1305ParamsSpec();
    
    // 加密消息。
    async function encryptMessagePromise(symKey: cryptoFramework.SymKey, plainText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob) {
      let cipher = cryptoFramework.createCipher('ChaCha20|Poly1305');
      await cipher.init(cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.ENCRYPT\_MODE, symKey, poly1305Params);
      let encryptUpdate = await cipher.update(plainText);
      // poly1305模式加密doFinal时传入空，获得tag数据，并更新至poly1305Params对象中。
      poly1305Params.authTag = await cipher.doFinal(null);
      return encryptUpdate;
    }
    // 解密消息。
    async function decryptMessagePromise(symKey: cryptoFramework.SymKey, cipherText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob) {
      let decoder = cryptoFramework.createCipher('ChaCha20|Poly1305');
      await decoder.init(cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.DECRYPT\_MODE, symKey, poly1305Params);
      let decryptUpdate = await decoder.update(cipherText);
      // poly1305模式解密doFinal时传入空，验证init时传入的tag数据，如果验证失败会抛出异常。
      let decryptData = await decoder.doFinal(null);
      if (decryptData === null) {
        console.info('poly1305 decrypt result: success, decryptData is null.');
      }
      return decryptUpdate;
    }
    async function genSymKeyByData(symKeyData: Uint8Array) {
      let symKeyBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: symKeyData };
      let chacha20Generator = cryptoFramework.createSymKeyGenerator('ChaCha20');
      let symKey = await chacha20Generator.convertKey(symKeyBlob);
      console.info('convertKey result: success.');
      return symKey;
    }
    async function main() {
      try {
        let keyData = new Uint8Array(\[83, 217, 231, 76, 28, 113, 23, 219, 250, 71, 209, 210, 205, 97, 32, 159,
          83, 217, 231, 76, 28, 113, 23, 219, 250, 71, 209, 210, 205, 97, 32, 159\]);
        let symKey = await genSymKeyByData(keyData);
        let message = 'This is a test';
        let plainText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: new Uint8Array(buffer.from(message, 'utf-8').buffer) };
        let encryptText = await encryptMessagePromise(symKey, plainText);
        let decryptText = await decryptMessagePromise(symKey, encryptText);
        if (plainText.data.toString() === decryptText.data.toString()) {
          console.info('decrypt ok.');
          console.info('decrypt plainText: ' + buffer.from(decryptText.data).toString('utf-8'));
        } else {
          console.error('decrypt failed.');
        }
      } catch (error) {
        console.error(\`decrypt failed: errCode: ${error.code}, message: ${error.message}\`);
      }
    }
    
*   同步方法示例：
    
    import { cryptoFramework } from '@kit.CryptoArchitectureKit';
    import { buffer } from '@kit.ArkTS';
    
    function generateRandom(len: number) {
      let rand = cryptoFramework.createRandom();
      let generateRandSync = rand.generateRandomSync(len);
      return generateRandSync;
    }
    
    function genPoly1305ParamsSpec() {
      let ivBlob = generateRandom(12); // 12 bytes
      let arr = \[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8\]; // 8 bytes
      let dataAad = new Uint8Array(arr);
      let aadBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: dataAad };
      arr = \[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0\]; // 16 bytes
      let dataTag = new Uint8Array(arr);
      let tagBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = {
        data: dataTag
      };
      // Poly1305的authTag在加密时从doFinal结果中获取，在解密时填入init函数的params参数中。
      let poly1305ParamsSpec: cryptoFramework.Poly1305ParamsSpec = {
        iv: ivBlob,
        aad: aadBlob,
        authTag: tagBlob,
        algName: 'Poly1305ParamsSpec'
      };
      return poly1305ParamsSpec;
    }
    
    let poly1305Params = genPoly1305ParamsSpec();
    
    // 加密消息。
    function encryptMessage(symKey: cryptoFramework.SymKey, plainText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob) {
      let cipher = cryptoFramework.createCipher('ChaCha20|Poly1305');
      cipher.initSync(cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.ENCRYPT\_MODE, symKey, poly1305Params);
      let encryptUpdate = cipher.updateSync(plainText);
      // poly1305模式加密doFinal时传入空，获得tag数据，并更新至poly1305Params对象中。
      poly1305Params.authTag = cipher.doFinalSync(null);
      return encryptUpdate;
    }
    // 解密消息。
    function decryptMessage(symKey: cryptoFramework.SymKey, cipherText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob) {
      let decoder = cryptoFramework.createCipher('ChaCha20|Poly1305');
      decoder.initSync(cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.DECRYPT\_MODE, symKey, poly1305Params);
      let decryptUpdate = decoder.updateSync(cipherText);
      // poly1305模式解密doFinal时传入空，验证init时传入的tag数据，如果验证失败会抛出异常。
      let decryptData = decoder.doFinalSync(null);
      if (decryptData === null) {
        console.info('poly1305 decrypt result: success, decryptData is null.');
      }
      return decryptUpdate;
    }
    function genSymKeyByData(symKeyData: Uint8Array) {
      let symKeyBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: symKeyData };
      let chacha20Generator = cryptoFramework.createSymKeyGenerator('ChaCha20');
      let symKey = chacha20Generator.convertKeySync(symKeyBlob);
      console.info('convertKeySync result: success.');
      return symKey;
    }
    function main() {
      try {
        let keyData = new Uint8Array(\[83, 217, 231, 76, 28, 113, 23, 219, 250, 71, 209, 210, 205, 97, 32, 159,
          83, 217, 231, 76, 28, 113, 23, 219, 250, 71, 209, 210, 205, 97, 32, 159\]);
        let symKey = genSymKeyByData(keyData);
        let message = 'This is a test';
        let plainText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: new Uint8Array(buffer.from(message, 'utf-8').buffer) };
        let encryptText = encryptMessage(symKey, plainText);
        let decryptText = decryptMessage(symKey, encryptText);
        if (plainText.data.toString() === decryptText.data.toString()) {
          console.info('decrypt ok.');
          console.info('decrypt plainText: ' + buffer.from(decryptText.data).toString('utf-8'));
        } else {
          console.error('decrypt failed.');
        }
      } catch (error) {
        console.error(\`decrypt failed: errCode: ${error.code}, message: ${error.message}\`);
      }
    }