# Type-Position Macros

A type-position macro rewrites TypeScript **types** rather than values. It's invoked with angle
brackets:

```typescript
const $Nullable = macroRules({
    kind: 'type',
    expand: macroRules`
    ($t:Type) => $t | null | undefined
  `
});

type MaybeUser = $Nullable<User>;
// → type MaybeUser = User | null | undefined;
```

## Requirements

**The object form is mandatory.** A tag-form `` macroRules`…` `` always declares a value macro;
there is no way to mark it as a type macro. You must use `macroRules({ kind: "type", expand: … })`.

Only `Type` and `Tt` fragment kinds are accepted in type-position patterns. Any other kind produces
a dedicated error.

## Zero-argument references

A bare `$Foo` with no type arguments matches only an arm whose pattern is `()`:

```typescript
const $Id = macroRules({
    kind: 'type',
    expand: macroRules`
    () => string
    ($t:Type) => $t
  `
});

type A = $Id; // → string
type B = $Id<number>; // → number
```

Qualified names never resolve — `a.$Foo` is not a macro reference.

## Sharing modes are rejected

Types have no runtime representation, so a type macro cannot share a runtime helper. Setting `mode`
to `share-only` or `share-anyway` with `kind: "type"` is an error — and so is supplying `runtime` or
`call` at all, independently of the mode.

## Cross-position misuse

The two directions behave differently:

- Using a **value macro in type position** is a hard error: _"macro `$X` is value-only; cannot use
  it in type position"_.
- Using a **type macro in value position** falls through to the ordinary no-arm-matched path, since
  the value-position matcher never sees its type arms.

## No backtracking

Type-position repetition matching is greedy with no retry. A pattern like
`($($t:Type),* $last:Type)` that works in value position will never match in type position. Keep the
variable-length group last, or write one arm per arity. See
[Repetitions & Backtracking](/docs/declarative-macros/repetitions).

## Composition

Type macros compose with each other exactly like value macros, and nested expansions run in type
context:

```typescript
const $Wrap = macroRules({
    kind: 'type',
    expand: macroRules`($t:Type) => Array<$Nullable<$t>>`
});
```