#!/usr/bin/env python3 """ Cost Considerations Generator Generates a list of cost factors to evaluate for an AWS architecture. Does NOT estimate actual costs - use AWS Pricing Calculator for that. Usage: python cost_considerations.py --services "Lambda,DynamoDB,API Gateway" echo "serverless API with Lambda and DynamoDB" | python cost_considerations.py """ import argparse import sys import json from datetime import datetime # Cost factors by service COST_FACTORS = { "Lambda": { "category": "Compute - Serverless", "pricing_model": "Pay per invocation + duration (GB-seconds)", "factors": [ {"factor": "Number of invocations per month", "unit": "requests", "impact": "HIGH"}, {"factor": "Average execution duration", "unit": "ms", "impact": "HIGH"}, {"factor": "Memory allocated", "unit": "MB", "impact": "HIGH"}, {"factor": "Provisioned Concurrency (if used)", "unit": "concurrent executions", "impact": "MEDIUM"}, {"factor": "Architecture (ARM vs x86)", "unit": "type", "impact": "MEDIUM", "note": "ARM is ~20% cheaper"}, {"factor": "Data transfer out", "unit": "GB", "impact": "LOW"}, ], "free_tier": "1M requests, 400,000 GB-seconds per month", "optimization_tips": [ "Use ARM/Graviton architecture for 20% cost reduction", "Optimize memory size (use Lambda Power Tuning)", "Minimize cold starts to reduce duration", "Use Provisioned Concurrency only when needed", ], "calculator_link": "https://calculator.aws/#/addService/Lambda" }, "API Gateway": { "category": "API Management", "pricing_model": "Pay per request + data transfer", "factors": [ {"factor": "API type (REST vs HTTP)", "unit": "type", "impact": "HIGH", "note": "HTTP API is ~70% cheaper"}, {"factor": "Number of API calls per month", "unit": "million requests", "impact": "HIGH"}, {"factor": "Caching enabled", "unit": "GB-hours", "impact": "MEDIUM"}, {"factor": "WebSocket connection minutes", "unit": "minutes", "impact": "MEDIUM"}, {"factor": "Data transfer out", "unit": "GB", "impact": "LOW"}, ], "free_tier": "1M REST API calls, 1M HTTP API calls per month (12 months)", "optimization_tips": [ "Use HTTP API instead of REST API when features allow", "Enable caching for repeated requests", "Use request validation to reject invalid requests early", ], "calculator_link": "https://calculator.aws/#/addService/APIGateway" }, "DynamoDB": { "category": "Database - NoSQL", "pricing_model": "On-demand OR Provisioned capacity", "factors": [ {"factor": "Capacity mode", "unit": "type", "impact": "HIGH", "note": "On-demand vs Provisioned"}, {"factor": "Read request units (RRU/RCU)", "unit": "per million / per hour", "impact": "HIGH"}, {"factor": "Write request units (WRU/WCU)", "unit": "per million / per hour", "impact": "HIGH"}, {"factor": "Storage size", "unit": "GB", "impact": "MEDIUM"}, {"factor": "Global Tables (cross-region)", "unit": "replicated writes", "impact": "HIGH"}, {"factor": "Backup (on-demand, PITR)", "unit": "GB", "impact": "LOW"}, {"factor": "DAX (if used)", "unit": "node-hours", "impact": "MEDIUM"}, {"factor": "Streams (if enabled)", "unit": "read request units", "impact": "LOW"}, ], "free_tier": "25 GB storage, 25 RCU, 25 WCU (always free)", "optimization_tips": [ "Use On-demand for unpredictable traffic", "Use Provisioned + Auto-scaling for predictable traffic", "Consider Reserved Capacity for steady-state (up to 77% savings)", "Design for efficient access patterns to minimize RCU/WCU", "Use sparse indexes to reduce storage", ], "calculator_link": "https://calculator.aws/#/addService/DynamoDB" }, "S3": { "category": "Storage - Object", "pricing_model": "Pay per GB stored + requests + data transfer", "factors": [ {"factor": "Storage class", "unit": "type", "impact": "HIGH", "note": "Standard vs IA vs Glacier"}, {"factor": "Data stored", "unit": "GB", "impact": "HIGH"}, {"factor": "PUT/COPY/POST/LIST requests", "unit": "per 1,000", "impact": "MEDIUM"}, {"factor": "GET/SELECT requests", "unit": "per 1,000", "impact": "MEDIUM"}, {"factor": "Data transfer out", "unit": "GB", "impact": "HIGH"}, {"factor": "S3 Transfer Acceleration", "unit": "GB transferred", "impact": "LOW"}, ], "free_tier": "5 GB Standard storage, 20,000 GET, 2,000 PUT (12 months)", "optimization_tips": [ "Use S3 Intelligent-Tiering for unknown access patterns", "Set lifecycle policies to move to cheaper tiers", "Use CloudFront to reduce data transfer costs", "Enable S3 Analytics to understand access patterns", ], "calculator_link": "https://calculator.aws/#/addService/S3" }, "RDS": { "category": "Database - Relational", "pricing_model": "Pay per instance hour + storage + I/O", "factors": [ {"factor": "Instance class", "unit": "type", "impact": "HIGH"}, {"factor": "Multi-AZ deployment", "unit": "boolean", "impact": "HIGH", "note": "Doubles cost"}, {"factor": "Storage type and size", "unit": "GB", "impact": "MEDIUM"}, {"factor": "Provisioned IOPS (if applicable)", "unit": "IOPS", "impact": "MEDIUM"}, {"factor": "Backup storage", "unit": "GB", "impact": "LOW"}, {"factor": "Data transfer out", "unit": "GB", "impact": "LOW"}, {"factor": "Read replicas", "unit": "count", "impact": "HIGH"}, ], "free_tier": "750 hours db.t2.micro, 20 GB storage (12 months)", "optimization_tips": [ "Right-size instances based on actual utilization", "Use Reserved Instances for production (up to 72% savings)", "Consider Aurora Serverless v2 for variable workloads", "Use Graviton instances for better price/performance", ], "calculator_link": "https://calculator.aws/#/addService/RDS" }, "ECS": { "category": "Compute - Containers", "pricing_model": "Fargate: vCPU + Memory per second | EC2: instance costs", "factors": [ {"factor": "Launch type", "unit": "type", "impact": "HIGH", "note": "Fargate vs EC2"}, {"factor": "vCPU per task", "unit": "vCPU", "impact": "HIGH"}, {"factor": "Memory per task", "unit": "GB", "impact": "HIGH"}, {"factor": "Number of tasks", "unit": "count", "impact": "HIGH"}, {"factor": "Running hours per month", "unit": "hours", "impact": "HIGH"}, {"factor": "Fargate Spot (if used)", "unit": "percentage", "impact": "MEDIUM", "note": "Up to 70% savings"}, ], "free_tier": "None for Fargate, EC2 free tier applies", "optimization_tips": [ "Use Fargate Spot for fault-tolerant workloads", "Right-size task definitions", "Use Savings Plans for steady-state", "Consider ARM/Graviton for Fargate", ], "calculator_link": "https://calculator.aws/#/addService/Fargate" }, "CloudFront": { "category": "CDN", "pricing_model": "Pay per data transfer + requests", "factors": [ {"factor": "Data transfer out to internet", "unit": "GB", "impact": "HIGH"}, {"factor": "Data transfer to origin", "unit": "GB", "impact": "MEDIUM"}, {"factor": "HTTP/HTTPS requests", "unit": "per 10,000", "impact": "MEDIUM"}, {"factor": "Price class", "unit": "type", "impact": "MEDIUM", "note": "All edges vs subset"}, {"factor": "Lambda@Edge invocations", "unit": "requests", "impact": "LOW"}, ], "free_tier": "1 TB data transfer, 10M requests (12 months)", "optimization_tips": [ "Use Price Class 100 if serving mainly US/Europe", "Enable compression to reduce data transfer", "Set appropriate cache TTLs", ], "calculator_link": "https://calculator.aws/#/addService/CloudFront" }, "NAT Gateway": { "category": "Networking", "pricing_model": "Pay per hour + data processed", "factors": [ {"factor": "Number of NAT Gateways", "unit": "count", "impact": "HIGH"}, {"factor": "Hours running per month", "unit": "hours", "impact": "HIGH"}, {"factor": "Data processed", "unit": "GB", "impact": "HIGH"}, ], "free_tier": "None", "optimization_tips": [ "Use VPC Endpoints for AWS service traffic (free for S3, DynamoDB)", "Consider NAT Instance for low-traffic scenarios", "Review if all traffic really needs NAT Gateway", ], "calculator_link": "https://calculator.aws/#/addService/VPC" }, "VPC Endpoints": { "category": "Networking", "pricing_model": "Gateway: Free | Interface: hourly + data", "factors": [ {"factor": "Endpoint type", "unit": "type", "impact": "HIGH", "note": "Gateway (free) vs Interface"}, {"factor": "Interface endpoint hours", "unit": "hours per AZ", "impact": "MEDIUM"}, {"factor": "Data processed", "unit": "GB", "impact": "MEDIUM"}, ], "free_tier": "Gateway endpoints (S3, DynamoDB) are free", "optimization_tips": [ "Use Gateway endpoints for S3 and DynamoDB (free)", "Interface endpoints have cost per AZ - minimize AZ count if possible", ], "calculator_link": "https://calculator.aws/#/addService/VPC" }, "Secrets Manager": { "category": "Security", "pricing_model": "Pay per secret + API calls", "factors": [ {"factor": "Number of secrets stored", "unit": "secrets", "impact": "HIGH"}, {"factor": "API calls", "unit": "per 10,000", "impact": "LOW"}, ], "free_tier": "None (but Parameter Store standard is free)", "optimization_tips": [ "Use Parameter Store for non-rotating secrets (free)", "Batch secrets when possible", ], "calculator_link": "https://calculator.aws/#/addService/SecretsManager" }, } def detect_services(text: str) -> list: """Detect AWS services mentioned in text.""" service_keywords = { "Lambda": ["lambda", "serverless function"], "DynamoDB": ["dynamodb", "dynamo"], "S3": ["s3", "bucket", "object storage"], "RDS": ["rds", "postgres", "mysql", "aurora", "database"], "API Gateway": ["api gateway", "apigateway", "rest api", "http api"], "ECS": ["ecs", "container", "fargate"], "CloudFront": ["cloudfront", "cdn"], "NAT Gateway": ["nat gateway", "nat"], "VPC Endpoints": ["vpc endpoint", "privatelink"], "Secrets Manager": ["secrets manager"], } text_lower = text.lower() detected = [] for service, keywords in service_keywords.items(): if any(kw in text_lower for kw in keywords): detected.append(service) return detected if detected else ["Lambda", "API Gateway", "DynamoDB"] def generate_cost_report(services: list) -> dict: """Generate cost considerations report for given services.""" report = { "generated_at": datetime.now().isoformat(), "services": services, "total_factors": 0, "service_details": [], "general_tips": [ "Use AWS Pricing Calculator for actual estimates", "Enable Cost Explorer for usage analysis", "Set up AWS Budgets for alerts", "Tag resources for cost allocation", "Review monthly for optimization opportunities", ], "calculator_link": "https://calculator.aws/#/" } for service in services: if service in COST_FACTORS: details = COST_FACTORS[service].copy() report["service_details"].append({ "service": service, **details }) report["total_factors"] += len(details["factors"]) return report def main(): parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Generate Cost Considerations Report") parser.add_argument("--services", help="Comma-separated list of AWS services") parser.add_argument("--json", action="store_true", help="Output as JSON") args = parser.parse_args() # Get services from args or stdin if args.services: services = [s.strip() for s in args.services.split(",")] elif not sys.stdin.isatty(): text = sys.stdin.read() services = detect_services(text) else: services = ["Lambda", "API Gateway", "DynamoDB", "S3"] report = generate_cost_report(services) if args.json: print(json.dumps(report, indent=2)) else: print(f"\n{'='*70}") print("COST CONSIDERATIONS REPORT") print(f"{'='*70}") print(f"Generated: {report['generated_at']}") print(f"Services: {', '.join(services)}") print(f"Total factors to evaluate: {report['total_factors']}") print(f"\nāš ļø This report lists WHAT to consider, not actual costs.") print(f" Use AWS Pricing Calculator: {report['calculator_link']}") for service_data in report["service_details"]: print(f"\n{'='*70}") print(f"## {service_data['service']}") print(f" Category: {service_data['category']}") print(f" Pricing Model: {service_data['pricing_model']}") if service_data.get('free_tier'): print(f" Free Tier: {service_data['free_tier']}") print(f"\n šŸ“Š Cost Factors to Evaluate:") for factor in service_data['factors']: impact_icon = {"HIGH": "šŸ”“", "MEDIUM": "šŸŸ”", "LOW": "šŸŸ¢"}[factor["impact"]] note = f" ({factor['note']})" if factor.get('note') else "" print(f" {impact_icon} {factor['factor']} [{factor['unit']}]{note}") print(f"\n šŸ’” Optimization Tips:") for tip in service_data['optimization_tips']: print(f" ā€¢ {tip}") print(f"\n šŸ”— Calculator: {service_data['calculator_link']}") print(f"\n{'='*70}") print("GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS") print(f"{'='*70}") for tip in report["general_tips"]: print(f" ā€¢ {tip}") print(f"\n{'='*70}") print("Next Steps:") print(" 1. Gather actual usage estimates for each factor") print(" 2. Use AWS Pricing Calculator with your estimates") print(" 3. Consider Reserved Capacity / Savings Plans for production") print(" 4. Set up Cost Explorer and Budgets after deployment") print(f"{'='*70}\n") if __name__ == "__main__": main()