Let the entire function have only one-order zeros, and these zeros are non-zero.
And there is a sequence of encircling paths . Satisfy the following:
, is a positive number that is independent of . Then can be expressed as an infinite product:
Each factor in the product . It is zero only at point . They are called the prime factors of.
The Weierstrass factorization theorem asserts that every entire function can be represented as a (possibly infinite) product involving its zeroes.
Let be an entire function, and let be the non-zero zeros of repeated according to multiplicity; suppose also that has a zero at of order. Then there exists an entire function and a sequence of integers such that
The case given by the fundamental theorem of algebra is incorporated here. If the sequence is finite then we can take , and to obtain ,
Examples of factorization
The trigonometric functions sine and cosine have the factorizations
while the gamma function has factorization,
where is the Euler–Mascheroni constant. The cosine identity can be seen as special case of