# Model file format ## Model Each model should have a file corresponding to it in `src//models`. The name of the file should correspond to the name of the object the model is describing. e.g. for model **Event**, the file name should be **Event.json**. ### Properties #### type The type of object that this model describes. The name of the file should correspond to the name of the object the model is describing. ```json { "@type": "Event" } ``` #### subClassOf If this model is the subclass of another model or an external class _for which a local model does not exist_, this can be referenced here. When calling `loadModel`, all of the parent model properties will be inherited. ```json { "@type": "BabyChanging", "subClassOf": "#LocationFeatureSpecification" } ``` ```json { "@type": "FacilityUse", "subClassOf": "https://schema.org/Product" } ``` #### derivedFrom A url pointing to any external objects that this model derives from. Note this cannot be set when `subClassOf` is set to an external class. ```json { "derivedFrom": "https://schema.org/Event" } ``` #### hasId A `boolean` indicating whether this model has a JSON-LD `@id` property, which must always be in URL format. ```json { "hasId": true } ``` #### sampleId An example `@id`. ```json { "sampleId": "https://api.example.com/events/12345" } ``` #### isJsonLd Whether the this model is JSON-LD (defaults to `true`) ```json { "isJsonLd": false } ``` #### requiredFields An array of field names that are **REQUIRED** in the specification. This should only include fields that are explicitly mentioned in the OpenActive spec. ```json { "requiredFields": [ "id", "@context", "type" ] } ``` #### requiredOptions Where one of a collection of fields are required (e.g. an Event must have a `schema:startDate` or `oa:eventSchedule`), this can be specified here. ```json { "requiredOptions": [ { "description": [ "While these properties are marked as optional, a data publisher must provide either a schema:startDate or specify a oa:eventSchedule for an event." ], "options": [ "startDate", "eventSchedule" ] } ] } ``` #### recommendedFields An array of field names that are **RECOMMENDED** in the specification. This should only include fields that are explicitly mentioned in the OpenActive spec. ```json { "recommendedFields": [ "description", "image", "organizer" ] } ``` #### inSpec An array of field names that are defined in the specification. This should only include fields that are explicitly mentioned in the OpenActive spec. This **MUST** include **ALL** required, recommended and optional fields. ```json { "inSpec": [ "id", "@context", "name" ] } ``` #### notInSpec An array of field names that are not defined for a particular model, where it inherits fields from a parent class. ```json { "notInSpec": [ "eventSchedule" ] } ``` #### commonTypos An key-value object of common typos for field names. ```json { "commonTypos": { "offer": "offers" } } ``` #### fields A key-value object of Fields (see below). ```json { "fields": { "description": { "fieldName": "description", "requiredType": "https://schema.org/Text", "example": "An fast paced game that incorporates netball, handball and football.", "description": [ "A free text description of the event" ] } } } ``` #### description TODO #### namedExamples TODO ## Field ### Properties #### fieldName The name of the field. In the `Model.fields` or `Model.betaFields` layout, this should match the key of the field. ```json { "fieldName": "description" } ``` #### model The name of the model this field should conform to. This should reference another model that we have a local definition for. ```json { "model": "#Event" } ``` If this is an array of models, you can represent it as below: ```json { "model": "ArrayOf#Event" } ``` #### alternativeModels Alternative models this field should conform to. This should reference another model that we have a local definition for. ```json { "model": "#Event", "alternativeModels": [ "ArrayOf#Event" ] } ``` #### requiredType The schema.org type this field should conform to. ```json { "requiredType": "https://schema.org/url" } ``` If this is an array of values, you can represent it as below: ```json { "requiredType": "ArrayOf#https://schema.org/url" } ``` #### alternativeTypes Alternative schema.org types this field can conform to. ```json { "requiredType": "https://schema.org/url", "alternativeTypes": [ "ArrayOf#https://schema.org/url" ] } ``` #### minDecimalPlaces The minimum number of decimal places this field should have. ```json { "fieldName": "longitude", "sameAs": "https://schema.org/longitude", "requiredType": "https://schema.org/Number", "minDecimalPlaces": 3, "example": -0.083437, "description": [ "The longitude of a location. For example -0.083437 (WGS 84)." ] } ``` #### maxDecimalPlaces The maximum number of decimal places this field should have. ```json { "fieldName": "price", "sameAs": "https://schema.org/price", "requiredType": "https://schema.org/Number", "example": 33.00, "maxDecimalPlaces": 2, "description": [ "The offer price of the activity.", "This price should be specified without currency symbols and as a floating point number with two decimal places.", "The currency of the price should be expressed in the priceCurrency field." ] } ``` #### minValueInclusive The minimum value of a number, inclusive. ```json "repeatCount": { "fieldName": "repeatCount", "sameAs": "https://pending.schema.org/repeatCount", "requiredType": "https://schema.org/Integer", "example": 3, "description": [ "Defines the number of times a recurring Event will take place." ], "minValueInclusive": 1 }, ``` #### valueConstraint A specific constraint on the value of the property. Available constraints are: ##### `UriTemplate` A RFC 6570 compliant Uri Template represented as a string. ```json { "fieldName": "idTemplate", "sameAs": "https://openactive.io/idTemplate", "requiredType": "https://schema.org/Text", "example": "https://api.example.org/session-series/123/{startDate}", "description": [ "An RFC 6570 compliant URI template that can be used to generate a unique identifier (`@id`) for every event described by the schedule. This property is required if the data provider is supporting third-party booking via the Open Booking API, or providing complimentary individual `subEvent`s." ], "valueConstraint": "UriTemplate" }, ``` ##### `UUID` A lowercase universally unique identifier represented as a string. RFC 4122 Section 3 requires that UUID characters be generated in lower case. ```json { "fieldName": "identifier", "sameAs": "https://schema.org/identifier", "requiredType": "https://schema.org/Text", "example": "123e4567-e89b-12d3-a456-426614174000", "description": ["The Order UUID of the Order, OrderQuote or OrderProposal, which is required within the Orders feed."], "valueConstraint": "UUID" }, ``` #### allowReferencing Allow the property value to be an IRI referencing the `@id` of a JSON-LD object in another feed. ```json "superEvent": { "fieldName": "superEvent", "sameAs": "https://schema.org/superEvent", "model": "#Event", "allowReferencing": true }, ``` #### requireReferencingInValidationMode The value of this property must be an IRI in the specified validation modes. ```json "orderedItem": { "fieldName": "orderedItem", "sameAs": "https://schema.org/orderedItem", "model": "#Event", "allowReferencing": true, "requireReferencingInValidationMode": ["C1Request", "C2Request", "PRequest", "BRequest", "OrdersFeed"] }, ``` #### requiredContent If this property must be set to a specific value, this can be specified here. ```json { "fieldName": "type", "requiredType": "https://schema.org/Text", "requiredContent": "Event", "description": "", "example": "Event" } ``` #### description An array of strings (one per paragraph), describing this field. ```json { "description": [ "A URL to a web page (or section of a page) that describes the event." ] } ``` #### example An example value of this field, for documentation. ```json { "fieldName": "url", "requiredType": "https://schema.org/url", "description": [ "A URL to a web page (or section of a page) that describes the event." ], "example": "https://example.com/event/1234" } ``` #### options If this property must be set to a specific value picked from a list (e.g. an `enum`), the list values can be specified here. ```json { "fieldName": "eventStatus", "requiredType": "https://schema.org/url", "description": [ "The status of an event. Can be used to indicate rescheduled or cancelled events" ], "options": [ "https://schema.org/EventCancelled", "https://schema.org/EventPostponed", "https://schema.org/EventRescheduled", "https://schema.org/EventScheduled" ], "example": "https://schema.org/EventScheduled" } ``` #### inheritsTo If this property allows an object to pass values down for inheritance by the child, you can specify this in a number of ways. If all fields are inheritable: ```json { "fieldName": "subEvent", "inheritsTo": "*" } ``` To specify a blacklist of fields: ```json { "fieldName": "subEvent", "inheritsTo": { "exclude": ["id", "identifier", "subEvent", "superEvent"] } } ``` To specify a whitelist of fields: ```json { "fieldName": "subEvent", "inheritsTo": { "include": ["name", "description", "startDate", "endDate"] } } ``` `exclude` takes precedence over `include`. #### inheritsFrom If this property allows an object to inherit properties from it, you can specify this in a number of ways. If all fields are inheritable: ```json { "fieldName": "superEvent", "inheritsFrom": "*" } ``` To specify a blacklist of fields (anything not in this list will be inheritable): ```json { "fieldName": "superEvent", "inheritsFrom": { "exclude": ["id", "identifier", "subEvent", "superEvent"] } } ``` To specify a whitelist of fields (anything not in this list will not be inheritable): ```json { "fieldName": "subEvent", "inheritsFrom": { "include": ["name", "description", "startDate", "endDate"] } } ``` `exclude` takes precedence over `include`. #### deprecationGuidance If this field has been deprecated, `deprecationGuidance` must be provided: ```json { "fieldName": "ageRange", "deprecationGuidance": "Use `ageRestriction` instead of `ageRange` within the `Offer` for cases where the `Offer` is age restricted." } ``` Note that deprecation is different from schema.org's `supersededBy`, as deprecation can occur for a specific use of the property within a particular type rather than the entire property. ## Namespace resolution `sameAs` is REQUIRED, and must reflect the `fieldName` within the relevant namespace. ## DEPRECATED Namespace resolution > Although the section below still reflects the inner workings of the validator, `sameAs` is now REQUIRED to remove ambiguity and make the model files easier to parse by various tools. > It is expected that future versions of the OpenActive validator library will remove the namespace resolution logic specified below, and instead use the `sameAs` value provided. For each field within the model, the rules of resolution are thus: * *IF* `sameAs` is set on the field, use the namespace in there (see [example](https://github.com/openactive/data-models/blob/d5deb89c2395ba770b8cd943dedda9e996f76ac0/versions/2.x/models/Event.json#L115)) (the `activity` field is defined in the OA namespace, but `Event` is schema.org) * *ELSE IF* `derivedFrom` is set for the model, use the namespace in there (see [example](https://github.com/openactive/data-models/blob/06a0516f2f228d2045e63530c7754df35d3810f5/versions/2.x/models/EntryPoint.json#L3) * *ELSE IF* `derivedFrom` is set for a model further up the hierarchy as is specified via `subClassOf`, use the namespace in there * *ELSE IF* `subClassOf` at the base of the hierarchy is an external class, use the namespace in there * *ELSE* assume the field is in the OA namespace If the same field has been defined in two different namespaces (e.g. in both "`schema:`" and "`oa:`"), the oa.jsonld file would not be able to be generated, and the unit tests produce the error "namespaces should not have fields in multiple namespaces". Where the `sameAs` namespace is the same as the `derivedFrom` namespace, the use of `sameAs` is redundant.