1 | <div align="center">
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2 | <br>
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3 | <br>
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4 | <img width="360" src="media/logo.svg" alt="Got">
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5 | <br>
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6 | <br>
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7 | <br>
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8 | <p align="center">Huge thanks to <a href="https://moxy.studio"><img src="https://sindresorhus.com/assets/thanks/moxy-logo.svg" width="150"></a> for sponsoring me!
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9 | </p>
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10 | <br>
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11 | <br>
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12 | </div>
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13 |
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14 | > Simplified HTTP requests
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15 |
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16 | [![Build Status: Linux](https://travis-ci.org/sindresorhus/got.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/sindresorhus/got) [![Coverage Status](https://coveralls.io/repos/github/sindresorhus/got/badge.svg?branch=master)](https://coveralls.io/github/sindresorhus/got?branch=master) [![Downloads](https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/got.svg)](https://npmjs.com/got) [![Install size](https://packagephobia.now.sh/badge?p=got)](https://packagephobia.now.sh/result?p=got)
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17 |
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18 | Got is a human-friendly and powerful HTTP request library.
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19 |
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20 | It was created because the popular [`request`](https://github.com/request/request) package is bloated: [![Install size](https://packagephobia.now.sh/badge?p=request)](https://packagephobia.now.sh/result?p=request)
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21 |
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22 | Got is for Node.js. For browsers, we recommend [Ky](https://github.com/sindresorhus/ky).
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23 |
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24 |
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25 | ## Highlights
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26 |
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27 | - [Promise & stream API](#api)
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28 | - [Request cancelation](#aborting-the-request)
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29 | - [RFC compliant caching](#cache-adapters)
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30 | - [Follows redirects](#followredirect)
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31 | - [Retries on failure](#retry)
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32 | - [Progress events](#onuploadprogress-progress)
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33 | - [Handles gzip/deflate](#decompress)
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34 | - [Timeout handling](#timeout)
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35 | - [Errors with metadata](#errors)
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36 | - [JSON mode](#json)
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37 | - [WHATWG URL support](#url)
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38 | - [Electron support](#useelectronnet)
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39 | - [Instances with custom defaults](#instances)
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40 | - [Composable](advanced-creation.md#merging-instances)
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41 | - [Used by ~2000 packages and ~500K repos](https://github.com/sindresorhus/got/network/dependents)
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42 | - Actively maintained
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43 |
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44 | [See how Got compares to other HTTP libraries](#comparison)
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45 |
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46 |
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47 | ## Install
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48 |
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49 | ```
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50 | $ npm install got
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51 | ```
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52 |
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53 | <a href="https://www.patreon.com/sindresorhus">
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54 | <img src="https://c5.patreon.com/external/logo/become_a_patron_button@2x.png" width="160">
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55 | </a>
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56 |
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57 |
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58 | ## Usage
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59 |
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60 | ```js
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61 | const got = require('got');
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62 |
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63 | (async () => {
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64 | try {
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65 | const response = await got('sindresorhus.com');
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66 | console.log(response.body);
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67 | //=> '<!doctype html> ...'
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68 | } catch (error) {
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69 | console.log(error.response.body);
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70 | //=> 'Internal server error ...'
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71 | }
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72 | })();
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73 | ```
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74 |
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75 | ###### Streams
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76 |
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77 | ```js
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78 | const fs = require('fs');
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79 | const got = require('got');
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80 |
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81 | got.stream('sindresorhus.com').pipe(fs.createWriteStream('index.html'));
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82 |
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83 | // For POST, PUT, and PATCH methods `got.stream` returns a `stream.Writable`
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84 | fs.createReadStream('index.html').pipe(got.stream.post('sindresorhus.com'));
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85 | ```
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86 |
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87 |
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88 | ### API
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89 |
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90 | It's a `GET` request by default, but can be changed by using different methods or in the `options`.
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91 |
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92 | #### got(url, [options])
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93 |
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94 | Returns a Promise for a [`response` object](#response) or a [stream](#streams-1) if `options.stream` is set to true.
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95 |
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96 | ##### url
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97 |
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98 | Type: `string` `Object`
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99 |
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100 | The URL to request, as a string, a [`https.request` options object](https://nodejs.org/api/https.html#https_https_request_options_callback), or a [WHATWG `URL`](https://nodejs.org/api/url.html#url_class_url).
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101 |
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102 | Properties from `options` will override properties in the parsed `url`.
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103 |
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104 | If no protocol is specified, it will default to `https`.
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105 |
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106 | ##### options
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107 |
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108 | Type: `Object`
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109 |
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110 | Any of the [`https.request`](https://nodejs.org/api/https.html#https_https_request_options_callback) options.
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111 |
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112 | ###### baseUrl
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113 |
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114 | Type: `string` `Object`
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115 |
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116 | When specified, `url` will be prepended by `baseUrl`.<br>
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117 | If you specify an absolute URL, it will skip the `baseUrl`.
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118 |
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119 | Very useful when used with `got.extend()` to create niche-specific Got instances.
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120 |
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121 | Can be a string or a [WHATWG `URL`](https://nodejs.org/api/url.html#url_class_url).
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122 |
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123 | Backslash at the end of `baseUrl` and at the beginning of the `url` argument is optional:
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124 |
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125 | ```js
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126 | await got('hello', {baseUrl: 'https://example.com/v1'});
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127 | //=> 'https://example.com/v1/hello'
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128 |
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129 | await got('/hello', {baseUrl: 'https://example.com/v1/'});
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130 | //=> 'https://example.com/v1/hello'
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131 |
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132 | await got('/hello', {baseUrl: 'https://example.com/v1'});
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133 | //=> 'https://example.com/v1/hello'
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134 | ```
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135 |
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136 | ###### headers
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137 |
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138 | Type: `Object`<br>
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139 | Default: `{}`
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140 |
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141 | Request headers.
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142 |
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143 | Existing headers will be overwritten. Headers set to `null` will be omitted.
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144 |
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145 | ###### stream
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146 |
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147 | Type: `boolean`<br>
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148 | Default: `false`
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149 |
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150 | Returns a `Stream` instead of a `Promise`. This is equivalent to calling `got.stream(url, [options])`.
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151 |
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152 | ###### body
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153 |
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154 | Type: `string` `Buffer` `stream.Readable` [`form-data` instance](https://github.com/form-data/form-data)
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155 |
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156 | *If you provide this option, `got.stream()` will be read-only.*
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157 |
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158 | The body that will be sent with a `POST` request.
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159 |
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160 | If present in `options` and `options.method` is not set, `options.method` will be set to `POST`.
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161 |
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162 | The `content-length` header will be automatically set if `body` is a `string` / `Buffer` / `fs.createReadStream` instance / [`form-data` instance](https://github.com/form-data/form-data), and `content-length` and `transfer-encoding` are not manually set in `options.headers`.
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163 |
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164 | ###### cookieJar
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165 |
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166 | Type: [`tough.CookieJar` instance](https://github.com/salesforce/tough-cookie#cookiejar)
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167 |
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168 | Cookie support. You don't have to care about parsing or how to store them. [Example.](#cookies)
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169 |
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170 | **Note:** `options.headers.cookie` will be overridden.
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171 |
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172 | ###### encoding
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173 |
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174 | Type: `string` `null`<br>
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175 | Default: `'utf8'`
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176 |
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177 | [Encoding](https://nodejs.org/api/buffer.html#buffer_buffers_and_character_encodings) to be used on `setEncoding` of the response data. If `null`, the body is returned as a [`Buffer`](https://nodejs.org/api/buffer.html) (binary data).
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178 |
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179 | ###### form
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180 |
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181 | Type: `boolean`<br>
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182 | Default: `false`
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183 |
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184 | *If you provide this option, `got.stream()` will be read-only.*
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185 |
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186 | If set to `true` and `Content-Type` header is not set, it will be set to `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`.
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187 |
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188 | `body` must be a plain object. It will be converted to a query string using [`(new URLSearchParams(object)).toString()`](https://nodejs.org/api/url.html#url_constructor_new_urlsearchparams_obj).
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189 |
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190 | ###### json
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191 |
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192 | Type: `boolean`<br>
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193 | Default: `false`
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194 |
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195 | *If you use `got.stream()`, this option will be ignored.*
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196 |
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197 | If set to `true` and `Content-Type` header is not set, it will be set to `application/json`.
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198 |
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199 | Parse response body with `JSON.parse` and set `accept` header to `application/json`. If used in conjunction with the `form` option, the `body` will the stringified as querystring and the response parsed as JSON.
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200 |
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201 | `body` must be a plain object or array and will be stringified.
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202 |
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203 | ###### query
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204 |
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205 | Type: `string` `Object` [`URLSearchParams`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/URLSearchParams)
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206 |
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207 | Query string object that will be added to the request URL. This will override the query string in `url`.
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208 |
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209 | ###### timeout
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210 |
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211 | Type: `number` `Object`
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212 |
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213 | Milliseconds to wait for the server to end the response before aborting the request with [`got.TimeoutError`](#gottimeouterror) error (a.k.a. `request` property). By default, there's no timeout.
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214 |
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215 | This also accepts an `object` with the following fields to constrain the duration of each phase of the request lifecycle:
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216 |
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217 | - `lookup` starts when a socket is assigned and ends when the hostname has been resolved. Does not apply when using a Unix domain socket.
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218 | - `connect` starts when `lookup` completes (or when the socket is assigned if lookup does not apply to the request) and ends when the socket is connected.
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219 | - `secureConnect` starts when `connect` completes and ends when the handshaking process completes (HTTPS only).
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220 | - `socket` starts when the socket is connected. See [request.setTimeout](https://nodejs.org/api/http.html#http_request_settimeout_timeout_callback).
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221 | - `response` starts when the request has been written to the socket and ends when the response headers are received.
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222 | - `send` starts when the socket is connected and ends with the request has been written to the socket.
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223 | - `request` starts when the request is initiated and ends when the response's end event fires.
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224 |
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225 | ###### retry
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226 |
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227 | Type: `number` `Object`<br>
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228 | Default:
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229 | - retries: `2`
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230 | - methods: `GET` `PUT` `HEAD` `DELETE` `OPTIONS` `TRACE`
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231 | - statusCodes: [`408`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/408) [`413`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/413) [`429`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/429) [`500`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/500) [`502`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/502) [`503`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/503) [`504`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/504)
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232 | - maxRetryAfter: `undefined`
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233 |
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234 | An object representing `retries`, `methods`, `statusCodes` and `maxRetryAfter` fields for the time until retry, allowed methods, allowed status codes and maximum [`Retry-After`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Retry-After) time.
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235 |
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236 | If `maxRetryAfter` is set to `undefined`, it will use `options.timeout`.<br>
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237 | If [`Retry-After`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Retry-After) header is greater than `maxRetryAfter`, it will cancel the request.
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238 |
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239 | Delays between retries counts with function `1000 * Math.pow(2, retry) + Math.random() * 100`, where `retry` is attempt number (starts from 0).
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240 |
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241 | The `retries` property can be a `number` or a `function` with `retry` and `error` arguments. The function must return a delay in milliseconds (`0` return value cancels retry).
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242 |
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243 | **Note:** It retries only on the specified methods, status codes, and on these network errors:
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244 | - `ETIMEDOUT`: One of the [timeout](#timeout) limits were reached.
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245 | - `ECONNRESET`: Connection was forcibly closed by a peer.
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246 | - `EADDRINUSE`: Could not bind to any free port.
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247 | - `ECONNREFUSED`: Connection was refused by the server.
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248 | - `EPIPE`: The remote side of the stream being written has been closed.
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249 |
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250 | ###### followRedirect
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251 |
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252 | Type: `boolean`<br>
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253 | Default: `true`
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254 |
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255 | Defines if redirect responses should be followed automatically.
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256 |
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257 | Note that if a `303` is sent by the server in response to any request type (`POST`, `DELETE`, etc.), Got will automatically request the resource pointed to in the location header via `GET`. This is in accordance with [the spec](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-6.4.4).
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258 |
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259 | ###### decompress
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260 |
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261 | Type: `boolean`<br>
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262 | Default: `true`
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263 |
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264 | Decompress the response automatically. This will set the `accept-encoding` header to `gzip, deflate` unless you set it yourself.
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265 |
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266 | If this is disabled, a compressed response is returned as a `Buffer`. This may be useful if you want to handle decompression yourself or stream the raw compressed data.
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267 |
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268 | ###### cache
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269 |
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270 | Type: `Object`<br>
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271 | Default: `false`
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272 |
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273 | [Cache adapter instance](#cache-adapters) for storing cached data.
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274 |
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275 | ###### request
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276 |
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277 | Type: `Function`<br>
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278 | Default: `http.request` `https.request` *(depending on the protocol)*
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279 |
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280 | Custom request function. The main purpose of this is to [support HTTP2 using a wrapper](#experimental-http2-support).
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281 |
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282 | ###### useElectronNet
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283 |
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284 | Type: `boolean`<br>
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285 | Default: `false`
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286 |
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287 | When used in Electron, Got will use [`electron.net`](https://electronjs.org/docs/api/net/) instead of the Node.js `http` module. According to the Electron docs, it should be fully compatible, but it's not entirely. See [#443](https://github.com/sindresorhus/got/issues/443) and [#461](https://github.com/sindresorhus/got/issues/461).
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288 |
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289 | ###### throwHttpErrors
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290 |
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291 | Type: `boolean`<br>
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292 | Default: `true`
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293 |
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294 | Determines if a `got.HTTPError` is thrown for error responses (non-2xx status codes).
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295 |
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296 | If this is disabled, requests that encounter an error status code will be resolved with the `response` instead of throwing. This may be useful if you are checking for resource availability and are expecting error responses.
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297 |
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298 | ###### agent
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299 |
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300 | Same as the [`agent` option](https://nodejs.org/api/http.html#http_http_request_url_options_callback) for `http.request`, but with an extra feature:
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301 |
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302 | If you require different agents for different protocols, you can pass a map of agents to the `agent` option. This is necessary because a request to one protocol might redirect to another. In such a scenario, Got will switch over to the right protocol agent for you.
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303 |
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304 | ```js
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305 | const got = require('got');
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306 | const HttpAgent = require('agentkeepalive');
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307 | const {HttpsAgent} = HttpAgent;
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308 |
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309 | got('sindresorhus.com', {
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310 | agent: {
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311 | http: new HttpAgent(),
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312 | https: new HttpsAgent()
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313 | }
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314 | });
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315 | ```
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316 |
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317 | ###### hooks
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318 |
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319 | Type: `Object<string, Function[]>`<br>
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320 | Default: `{beforeRequest: []}`
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321 |
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322 | Hooks allow modifications during the request lifecycle. Hook functions may be async and are run serially.
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323 |
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324 | ###### hooks.beforeRequest
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325 |
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326 | Type: `Function[]`<br>
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327 | Default: `[]`
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328 |
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329 | Called with the normalized request options. Got will make no further changes to the request before it is sent. This is especially useful in conjunction with [`got.extend()`](#instances) and [`got.create()`](advanced-creation.md) when you want to create an API client that, for example, uses HMAC-signing.
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330 |
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331 | See the [AWS section](#aws) for an example.
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332 |
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333 | **Note**: Modifying the `body` is not recommended because the `content-length` header has already been computed and assigned.
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334 |
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335 | #### Response
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336 |
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337 | The response object will typically be a [Node.js HTTP response stream](https://nodejs.org/api/http.html#http_class_http_incomingmessage), however, if returned from the cache it will be a [response-like object](https://github.com/lukechilds/responselike) which behaves in the same way.
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338 |
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339 | ##### body
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340 |
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341 | Type: `string` `Object` *(depending on `options.json`)*
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342 |
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343 | The result of the request.
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344 |
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345 | ##### url
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346 |
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347 | Type: `string`
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348 |
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349 | The request URL or the final URL after redirects.
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350 |
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351 | ##### requestUrl
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352 |
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353 | Type: `string`
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354 |
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355 | The original request URL.
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356 |
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357 | ##### timings
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358 |
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359 | Type: `Object`
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360 |
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361 | The object contains the following properties:
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362 |
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363 | - `start` - Time when the request started.
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364 | - `socket` - Time when a socket was assigned to the request.
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365 | - `lookup` - Time when the DNS lookup finished.
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366 | - `connect` - Time when the socket successfully connected.
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367 | - `upload` - Time when the request finished uploading.
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368 | - `response` - Time when the request fired the `response` event.
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369 | - `end` - Time when the response fired the `end` event.
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370 | - `error` - Time when the request fired the `error` event.
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371 | - `phases`
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372 | - `wait` - `timings.socket - timings.start`
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373 | - `dns` - `timings.lookup - timings.socket`
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374 | - `tcp` - `timings.connect - timings.lookup`
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375 | - `request` - `timings.upload - timings.connect`
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376 | - `firstByte` - `timings.response - timings.upload`
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377 | - `download` - `timings.end - timings.response`
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378 | - `total` - `timings.end - timings.start` or `timings.error - timings.start`
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379 |
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380 | **Note**: The time is a `number` representing the milliseconds elapsed since the UNIX epoch.
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381 |
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382 | ##### fromCache
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383 |
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384 | Type: `boolean`
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385 |
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386 | Whether the response was retrieved from the cache.
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387 |
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388 | ##### redirectUrls
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389 |
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390 | Type: `Array`
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391 |
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392 | The redirect URLs.
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393 |
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394 | ##### retryCount
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395 |
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396 | Type: `number`
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397 |
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398 | The number of times the request was retried.
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399 |
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400 | #### Streams
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401 |
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402 | **Note**: Progress events, redirect events and request/response events can also be used with promises.
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403 |
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404 | #### got.stream(url, [options])
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405 |
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406 | Sets `options.stream` to `true`.
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407 |
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408 | Returns a [duplex stream](https://nodejs.org/api/stream.html#stream_class_stream_duplex) with additional events:
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409 |
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410 | ##### .on('request', request)
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411 |
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412 | `request` event to get the request object of the request.
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413 |
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414 | **Tip**: You can use `request` event to abort request:
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415 |
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416 | ```js
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417 | got.stream('github.com')
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418 | .on('request', request => setTimeout(() => request.abort(), 50));
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419 | ```
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420 |
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421 | ##### .on('response', response)
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422 |
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423 | The `response` event to get the response object of the final request.
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424 |
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425 | ##### .on('redirect', response, nextOptions)
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426 |
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427 | The `redirect` event to get the response object of a redirect. The second argument is options for the next request to the redirect location.
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428 |
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429 | ##### .on('uploadProgress', progress)
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430 | ##### .on('downloadProgress', progress)
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431 |
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432 | Progress events for uploading (sending a request) and downloading (receiving a response). The `progress` argument is an object like:
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433 |
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434 | ```js
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435 | {
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436 | percent: 0.1,
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437 | transferred: 1024,
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438 | total: 10240
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439 | }
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440 | ```
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441 |
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442 | If it's not possible to retrieve the body size (can happen when streaming), `total` will be `null`.
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443 |
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444 | ```js
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445 | (async () => {
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446 | const response = await got('sindresorhus.com')
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447 | .on('downloadProgress', progress => {
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448 | // Report download progress
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449 | })
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450 | .on('uploadProgress', progress => {
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451 | // Report upload progress
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452 | });
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453 |
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454 | console.log(response);
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455 | })();
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456 | ```
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457 |
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458 | ##### .on('error', error, body, response)
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459 |
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460 | The `error` event emitted in case of a protocol error (like `ENOTFOUND` etc.) or status error (4xx or 5xx). The second argument is the body of the server response in case of status error. The third argument is a response object.
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461 |
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462 | #### got.get(url, [options])
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463 | #### got.post(url, [options])
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464 | #### got.put(url, [options])
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465 | #### got.patch(url, [options])
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466 | #### got.head(url, [options])
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467 | #### got.delete(url, [options])
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468 |
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469 | Sets `options.method` to the method name and makes a request.
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470 |
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471 | ### Instances
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472 |
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473 | #### got.extend([options])
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474 |
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475 | Configure a new `got` instance with default `options`. `options` are merged with the parent instance's `defaults.options` using [`got.mergeOptions`](#gotmergeoptionsparentoptions-newoptions).
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476 |
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477 | ```js
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478 | const client = got.extend({
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479 | baseUrl: 'https://example.com',
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480 | headers: {
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481 | 'x-unicorn': 'rainbow'
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482 | }
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483 | });
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484 |
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485 | client.get('/demo');
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486 |
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487 | /* HTTP Request =>
|
488 | * GET /demo HTTP/1.1
|
489 | * Host: example.com
|
490 | * x-unicorn: rainbow
|
491 | */
|
492 | ```
|
493 |
|
494 | ```js
|
495 | (async () => {
|
496 | const client = got.extend({
|
497 | baseUrl: 'httpbin.org',
|
498 | headers: {
|
499 | 'x-foo': 'bar'
|
500 | }
|
501 | });
|
502 | const {headers} = (await client.get('/headers', {json: true})).body;
|
503 | //=> headers['x-foo'] === 'bar'
|
504 |
|
505 | const jsonClient = client.extend({
|
506 | json: true,
|
507 | headers: {
|
508 | 'x-baz': 'qux'
|
509 | }
|
510 | });
|
511 | const {headers: headers2} = (await jsonClient.get('/headers')).body;
|
512 | //=> headers2['x-foo'] === 'bar'
|
513 | //=> headers2['x-baz'] === 'qux'
|
514 | })();
|
515 | ```
|
516 |
|
517 | *Need more control over the behavior of Got? Check out the [`got.create()`](advanced-creation.md).*
|
518 |
|
519 | #### got.mergeOptions(parentOptions, newOptions)
|
520 |
|
521 | Extends parent options. Avoid using [object spread](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Spread_syntax#Spread_in_object_literals) as it doesn't work recursively:
|
522 |
|
523 | ```js
|
524 | const a = {headers: {cat: 'meow', wolf: ['bark', 'wrrr']}};
|
525 | const b = {headers: {cow: 'moo', wolf: ['auuu']}};
|
526 |
|
527 | {...a, ...b} // => {headers: {cow: 'moo', wolf: ['auuu']}}
|
528 | got.mergeOptions(a, b) // => {headers: {cat: 'meow', cow: 'moo', wolf: ['auuu']}}
|
529 | ```
|
530 |
|
531 | Options are deeply merged to a new object. The value of each key is determined as follows:
|
532 |
|
533 | - If the new property is set to `undefined`, it keeps the old one.
|
534 | - If the parent property is an instance of `URL` and the new value is a `string` or `URL`, a new URL instance is created: [`new URL(new, parent)`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/URL/URL#Syntax).
|
535 | - If the new property is a plain `Object`:
|
536 | - If the parent property is a plain `Object` too, both values are merged recursively into a new `Object`.
|
537 | - Otherwise, only the new value is deeply cloned.
|
538 | - If the new property is an `Array`, it overwrites the old one with a deep clone of the new property.
|
539 | - Otherwise, the new value is assigned to the key.
|
540 |
|
541 | ## Errors
|
542 |
|
543 | Each error contains (if available) `statusCode`, `statusMessage`, `host`, `hostname`, `method`, `path`, `protocol` and `url` properties to make debugging easier.
|
544 |
|
545 | In Promise mode, the `response` is attached to the error.
|
546 |
|
547 | #### got.CacheError
|
548 |
|
549 | When a cache method fails, for example, if the database goes down or there's a filesystem error.
|
550 |
|
551 | #### got.RequestError
|
552 |
|
553 | When a request fails. Contains a `code` property with error class code, like `ECONNREFUSED`.
|
554 |
|
555 | #### got.ReadError
|
556 |
|
557 | When reading from response stream fails.
|
558 |
|
559 | #### got.ParseError
|
560 |
|
561 | When `json` option is enabled, server response code is 2xx, and `JSON.parse` fails.
|
562 |
|
563 | #### got.HTTPError
|
564 |
|
565 | When the server response code is not 2xx. Includes `statusCode`, `statusMessage`, and `redirectUrls` properties.
|
566 |
|
567 | #### got.MaxRedirectsError
|
568 |
|
569 | When the server redirects you more than ten times. Includes a `redirectUrls` property, which is an array of the URLs Got was redirected to before giving up.
|
570 |
|
571 | #### got.UnsupportedProtocolError
|
572 |
|
573 | When given an unsupported protocol.
|
574 |
|
575 | #### got.CancelError
|
576 |
|
577 | When the request is aborted with `.cancel()`.
|
578 |
|
579 | #### got.TimeoutError
|
580 |
|
581 | When the request is aborted due to a [timeout](#timeout)
|
582 |
|
583 | ## Aborting the request
|
584 |
|
585 | The promise returned by Got has a [`.cancel()`](https://github.com/sindresorhus/p-cancelable) method which when called, aborts the request.
|
586 |
|
587 | ```js
|
588 | (async () => {
|
589 | const request = got(url, options);
|
590 |
|
591 | // …
|
592 |
|
593 | // In another part of the code
|
594 | if (something) {
|
595 | request.cancel();
|
596 | }
|
597 |
|
598 | // …
|
599 |
|
600 | try {
|
601 | await request;
|
602 | } catch (error) {
|
603 | if (request.isCanceled) { // Or `error instanceof got.CancelError`
|
604 | // Handle cancelation
|
605 | }
|
606 |
|
607 | // Handle other errors
|
608 | }
|
609 | })();
|
610 | ```
|
611 |
|
612 | <a name="cache-adapters"></a>
|
613 | ## Cache
|
614 |
|
615 | Got implements [RFC 7234](http://httpwg.org/specs/rfc7234.html) compliant HTTP caching which works out of the box in-memory and is easily pluggable with a wide range of storage adapters. Fresh cache entries are served directly from the cache, and stale cache entries are revalidated with `If-None-Match`/`If-Modified-Since` headers. You can read more about the underlying cache behavior in the [`cacheable-request` documentation](https://github.com/lukechilds/cacheable-request).
|
616 |
|
617 | You can use the JavaScript `Map` type as an in-memory cache:
|
618 |
|
619 | ```js
|
620 | const got = require('got');
|
621 | const map = new Map();
|
622 |
|
623 | (async () => {
|
624 | let response = await got('sindresorhus.com', {cache: map});
|
625 | console.log(response.fromCache);
|
626 | //=> false
|
627 |
|
628 | response = await got('sindresorhus.com', {cache: map});
|
629 | console.log(response.fromCache);
|
630 | //=> true
|
631 | })();
|
632 | ```
|
633 |
|
634 | Got uses [Keyv](https://github.com/lukechilds/keyv) internally to support a wide range of storage adapters. For something more scalable you could use an [official Keyv storage adapter](https://github.com/lukechilds/keyv#official-storage-adapters):
|
635 |
|
636 | ```
|
637 | $ npm install @keyv/redis
|
638 | ```
|
639 |
|
640 | ```js
|
641 | const got = require('got');
|
642 | const KeyvRedis = require('@keyv/redis');
|
643 |
|
644 | const redis = new KeyvRedis('redis://user:pass@localhost:6379');
|
645 |
|
646 | got('sindresorhus.com', {cache: redis});
|
647 | ```
|
648 |
|
649 | Got supports anything that follows the Map API, so it's easy to write your own storage adapter or use a third-party solution.
|
650 |
|
651 | For example, the following are all valid storage adapters:
|
652 |
|
653 | ```js
|
654 | const storageAdapter = new Map();
|
655 | // Or
|
656 | const storageAdapter = require('./my-storage-adapter');
|
657 | // Or
|
658 | const QuickLRU = require('quick-lru');
|
659 | const storageAdapter = new QuickLRU({maxSize: 1000});
|
660 |
|
661 | got('sindresorhus.com', {cache: storageAdapter});
|
662 | ```
|
663 |
|
664 | View the [Keyv docs](https://github.com/lukechilds/keyv) for more information on how to use storage adapters.
|
665 |
|
666 |
|
667 | ## Proxies
|
668 |
|
669 | You can use the [`tunnel`](https://github.com/koichik/node-tunnel) package with the `agent` option to work with proxies:
|
670 |
|
671 | ```js
|
672 | const got = require('got');
|
673 | const tunnel = require('tunnel-agent');
|
674 |
|
675 | got('sindresorhus.com', {
|
676 | agent: tunnel.httpOverHttp({
|
677 | proxy: {
|
678 | host: 'localhost'
|
679 | }
|
680 | })
|
681 | });
|
682 | ```
|
683 |
|
684 | Check out [`global-tunnel`](https://github.com/np-maintain/global-tunnel) if you want to configure proxy support for all HTTP/HTTPS traffic in your app.
|
685 |
|
686 |
|
687 | ## Cookies
|
688 |
|
689 | You can use the [`tough-cookie`](https://github.com/salesforce/tough-cookie) package:
|
690 |
|
691 | ```js
|
692 | const got = require('got');
|
693 | const {CookieJar} = require('tough-cookie');
|
694 |
|
695 | const cookieJar = new CookieJar();
|
696 | cookieJar.setCookie('foo=bar', 'https://www.google.com');
|
697 |
|
698 | got('google.com', {cookieJar});
|
699 | ```
|
700 |
|
701 |
|
702 | ## Form data
|
703 |
|
704 | You can use the [`form-data`](https://github.com/form-data/form-data) package to create POST request with form data:
|
705 |
|
706 | ```js
|
707 | const fs = require('fs');
|
708 | const got = require('got');
|
709 | const FormData = require('form-data');
|
710 | const form = new FormData();
|
711 |
|
712 | form.append('my_file', fs.createReadStream('/foo/bar.jpg'));
|
713 |
|
714 | got.post('google.com', {
|
715 | body: form
|
716 | });
|
717 | ```
|
718 |
|
719 |
|
720 | ## OAuth
|
721 |
|
722 | You can use the [`oauth-1.0a`](https://github.com/ddo/oauth-1.0a) package to create a signed OAuth request:
|
723 |
|
724 | ```js
|
725 | const got = require('got');
|
726 | const crypto = require('crypto');
|
727 | const OAuth = require('oauth-1.0a');
|
728 |
|
729 | const oauth = OAuth({
|
730 | consumer: {
|
731 | key: process.env.CONSUMER_KEY,
|
732 | secret: process.env.CONSUMER_SECRET
|
733 | },
|
734 | signature_method: 'HMAC-SHA1',
|
735 | hash_function: (baseString, key) => crypto.createHmac('sha1', key).update(baseString).digest('base64')
|
736 | });
|
737 |
|
738 | const token = {
|
739 | key: process.env.ACCESS_TOKEN,
|
740 | secret: process.env.ACCESS_TOKEN_SECRET
|
741 | };
|
742 |
|
743 | const url = 'https://api.twitter.com/1.1/statuses/home_timeline.json';
|
744 |
|
745 | got(url, {
|
746 | headers: oauth.toHeader(oauth.authorize({url, method: 'GET'}, token)),
|
747 | json: true
|
748 | });
|
749 | ```
|
750 |
|
751 |
|
752 | ## Unix Domain Sockets
|
753 |
|
754 | Requests can also be sent via [unix domain sockets](http://serverfault.com/questions/124517/whats-the-difference-between-unix-socket-and-tcp-ip-socket). Use the following URL scheme: `PROTOCOL://unix:SOCKET:PATH`.
|
755 |
|
756 | - `PROTOCOL` - `http` or `https` *(optional)*
|
757 | - `SOCKET` - Absolute path to a unix domain socket, for example: `/var/run/docker.sock`
|
758 | - `PATH` - Request path, for example: `/v2/keys`
|
759 |
|
760 | ```js
|
761 | got('http://unix:/var/run/docker.sock:/containers/json');
|
762 |
|
763 | // Or without protocol (HTTP by default)
|
764 | got('unix:/var/run/docker.sock:/containers/json');
|
765 | ```
|
766 |
|
767 |
|
768 | ## AWS
|
769 |
|
770 | Requests to AWS services need to have their headers signed. This can be accomplished by using the [`aws4`](https://www.npmjs.com/package/aws4) package. This is an example for querying an ["API Gateway"](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/apigateway/api-reference/signing-requests/) with a signed request.
|
771 |
|
772 | ```js
|
773 | const AWS = require('aws-sdk');
|
774 | const aws4 = require('aws4');
|
775 | const got = require('got');
|
776 |
|
777 | const chain = new AWS.CredentialProviderChain();
|
778 |
|
779 | // Create a Got instance to use relative paths and signed requests
|
780 | const awsClient = got.extend({
|
781 | baseUrl: 'https://<api-id>.execute-api.<api-region>.amazonaws.com/<stage>/',
|
782 | hooks: {
|
783 | beforeRequest: [
|
784 | async options => {
|
785 | const credentials = await chain.resolvePromise();
|
786 | aws4.sign(options, credentials);
|
787 | }
|
788 | ]
|
789 | }
|
790 | });
|
791 |
|
792 | const response = await awsClient('endpoint/path', {
|
793 | // Request-specific options
|
794 | });
|
795 | ```
|
796 |
|
797 |
|
798 | ## Testing
|
799 |
|
800 | You can test your requests by using the [`nock`](https://github.com/node-nock/nock) package to mock an endpoint:
|
801 |
|
802 | ```js
|
803 | const got = require('got');
|
804 | const nock = require('nock');
|
805 |
|
806 | nock('https://sindresorhus.com')
|
807 | .get('/')
|
808 | .reply(200, 'Hello world!');
|
809 |
|
810 | (async () => {
|
811 | const response = await got('sindresorhus.com');
|
812 | console.log(response.body);
|
813 | //=> 'Hello world!'
|
814 | })();
|
815 | ```
|
816 |
|
817 | If you need real integration tests you can use [`create-test-server`](https://github.com/lukechilds/create-test-server):
|
818 |
|
819 | ```js
|
820 | const got = require('got');
|
821 | const createTestServer = require('create-test-server');
|
822 |
|
823 | (async () => {
|
824 | const server = await createTestServer();
|
825 | server.get('/', 'Hello world!');
|
826 |
|
827 | const response = await got(server.url);
|
828 | console.log(response.body);
|
829 | //=> 'Hello world!'
|
830 |
|
831 | await server.close();
|
832 | })();
|
833 | ```
|
834 |
|
835 |
|
836 | ## Tips
|
837 |
|
838 | ### User Agent
|
839 |
|
840 | It's a good idea to set the `'user-agent'` header so the provider can more easily see how their resource is used. By default, it's the URL to this repo. You can omit this header by setting it to `null`.
|
841 |
|
842 | ```js
|
843 | const got = require('got');
|
844 | const pkg = require('./package.json');
|
845 |
|
846 | got('sindresorhus.com', {
|
847 | headers: {
|
848 | 'user-agent': `my-package/${pkg.version} (https://github.com/username/my-package)`
|
849 | }
|
850 | });
|
851 |
|
852 | got('sindresorhus.com', {
|
853 | headers: {
|
854 | 'user-agent': null
|
855 | }
|
856 | });
|
857 | ```
|
858 |
|
859 | ### 304 Responses
|
860 |
|
861 | Bear in mind; if you send an `if-modified-since` header and receive a `304 Not Modified` response, the body will be empty. It's your responsibility to cache and retrieve the body contents.
|
862 |
|
863 | ### Custom endpoints
|
864 |
|
865 | Use `got.extend()` to make it nicer to work with REST APIs. Especially if you use the `baseUrl` option.
|
866 |
|
867 | **Note:** Not to be confused with [`got.create()`](advanced-creation.md), which has no defaults.
|
868 |
|
869 | ```js
|
870 | const got = require('got');
|
871 | const pkg = require('./package.json');
|
872 |
|
873 | const custom = got.extend({
|
874 | baseUrl: 'example.com',
|
875 | json: true,
|
876 | headers: {
|
877 | 'user-agent': `my-package/${pkg.version} (https://github.com/username/my-package)`
|
878 | }
|
879 | });
|
880 |
|
881 | // Use `custom` exactly how you use `got`
|
882 | (async () => {
|
883 | const list = await custom('/v1/users/list');
|
884 | })();
|
885 | ```
|
886 |
|
887 | *Need to merge some instances into a single one? Check out [`got.mergeInstances()`](advanced-creation.md#merging-instances).*
|
888 |
|
889 | ### Experimental HTTP2 support
|
890 |
|
891 | Got provides an experimental support for HTTP2 using the [`http2-wrapper`](https://github.com/szmarczak/http2-wrapper) package:
|
892 |
|
893 | ```js
|
894 | const got = require('got');
|
895 | const {request} = require('http2-wrapper');
|
896 |
|
897 | const h2got = got.extend({request});
|
898 |
|
899 | (async () => {
|
900 | const {body} = await h2got('https://nghttp2.org/httpbin/headers');
|
901 | console.log(body);
|
902 | })();
|
903 | ```
|
904 |
|
905 | ## Comparison
|
906 |
|
907 | | | `got` | `request` | `node-fetch` | `axios` |
|
908 | |-----------------------|:------------:|:------------:|:------------:|:------------:|
|
909 | | HTTP/2 support | ❔ | ✖ | ✖ | ✖ |
|
910 | | Browser support | ✖ | ✖ | ✔* | ✔ |
|
911 | | Electron support | ✔ | ✖ | ✖ | ✖ |
|
912 | | Promise API | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
|
913 | | Stream API | ✔ | ✔ | ✖ | ✖ |
|
914 | | Request cancelation | ✔ | ✖ | ✖ | ✔ |
|
915 | | RFC compliant caching | ✔ | ✖ | ✖ | ✖ |
|
916 | | Cookies (out-of-box) | ✔ | ✔ | ✖ | ✖ |
|
917 | | Follows redirects | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
|
918 | | Retries on failure | ✔ | ✖ | ✖ | ✖ |
|
919 | | Progress events | ✔ | ✖ | ✖ | Browser only |
|
920 | | Handles gzip/deflate | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
|
921 | | Advanced timeouts | ✔ | ✖ | ✖ | ✖ |
|
922 | | Timings | ✔ | ✔ | ✖ | ✖ |
|
923 | | Errors with metadata | ✔ | ✖ | ✖ | ✔ |
|
924 | | JSON mode | ✔ | ✔ | ✖ | ✔ |
|
925 | | Custom defaults | ✔ | ✔ | ✖ | ✔ |
|
926 | | Composable | ✔ | ✖ | ✖ | ✖ |
|
927 | | Hooks | ✔ | ✖ | ✖ | ✔ |
|
928 | | Issues open | ![][gio] | ![][rio] | ![][nio] | ![][aio] |
|
929 | | Issues closed | ![][gic] | ![][ric] | ![][nic] | ![][aic] |
|
930 | | Downloads | ![][gd] | ![][rd] | ![][nd] | ![][ad] |
|
931 | | Coverage | ![][gc] | ![][rc] | ![][nc] | ![][ac] |
|
932 | | Build | ![][gb] | ![][rb] | ![][nb] | ![][ab] |
|
933 | | Bugs | ![][gbg] | ![][rbg] | ![][nbg] | ![][abg] |
|
934 | | Dependents | ![][gdp] | ![][rdp] | ![][ndp] | ![][adp] |
|
935 | | Install size | ![][gis] | ![][ris] | ![][nis] | ![][ais] |
|
936 |
|
937 | \* It's almost API compatible with the browser `fetch` API.<br>
|
938 | ❔ Experimental support.
|
939 |
|
940 |
|
941 | [gio]: https://img.shields.io/github/issues/sindresorhus/got.svg
|
942 | [rio]: https://img.shields.io/github/issues/request/request.svg
|
943 | [nio]: https://img.shields.io/github/issues/bitinn/node-fetch.svg
|
944 | [aio]: https://img.shields.io/github/issues/axios/axios.svg
|
945 |
|
946 |
|
947 | [gic]: https://img.shields.io/github/issues-closed/sindresorhus/got.svg
|
948 | [ric]: https://img.shields.io/github/issues-closed/request/request.svg
|
949 | [nic]: https://img.shields.io/github/issues-closed/bitinn/node-fetch.svg
|
950 | [aic]: https://img.shields.io/github/issues-closed/axios/axios.svg
|
951 |
|
952 |
|
953 | [gd]: https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/got.svg
|
954 | [rd]: https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/request.svg
|
955 | [nd]: https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/node-fetch.svg
|
956 | [ad]: https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/axios.svg
|
957 |
|
958 |
|
959 | [gc]: https://coveralls.io/repos/github/sindresorhus/got/badge.svg?branch=master
|
960 | [rc]: https://coveralls.io/repos/github/request/request/badge.svg?branch=master
|
961 | [nc]: https://coveralls.io/repos/github/bitinn/node-fetch/badge.svg?branch=master
|
962 | [ac]: https://coveralls.io/repos/github/mzabriskie/axios/badge.svg?branch=master
|
963 |
|
964 |
|
965 | [gb]: https://travis-ci.org/sindresorhus/got.svg?branch=master
|
966 | [rb]: https://travis-ci.org/request/request.svg?branch=master
|
967 | [nb]: https://travis-ci.org/bitinn/node-fetch.svg?branch=master
|
968 | [ab]: https://travis-ci.org/axios/axios.svg?branch=master
|
969 |
|
970 |
|
971 | [gbg]: https://badgen.net/github/label-issues/sindresorhus/got/bug/open
|
972 | [rbg]: https://badgen.net/github/label-issues/request/request/Needs%20investigation/open
|
973 | [nbg]: https://badgen.net/github/label-issues/bitinn/node-fetch/bug/open
|
974 | [abg]: https://badgen.net/github/label-issues/axios/axios/bug/open
|
975 |
|
976 |
|
977 | [gdp]: https://badgen.net/npm/dependents/got
|
978 | [rdp]: https://badgen.net/npm/dependents/request
|
979 | [ndp]: https://badgen.net/npm/dependents/node-fetch
|
980 | [adp]: https://badgen.net/npm/dependents/axios
|
981 |
|
982 |
|
983 | [gis]: https://packagephobia.now.sh/badge?p=got
|
984 | [ris]: https://packagephobia.now.sh/badge?p=request
|
985 | [nis]: https://packagephobia.now.sh/badge?p=node-fetch
|
986 | [ais]: https://packagephobia.now.sh/badge?p=axios
|
987 |
|
988 |
|
989 | ## Related
|
990 |
|
991 | - [gh-got](https://github.com/sindresorhus/gh-got) - Got convenience wrapper to interact with the GitHub API
|
992 | - [gl-got](https://github.com/singapore/gl-got) - Got convenience wrapper to interact with the GitLab API
|
993 | - [travis-got](https://github.com/samverschueren/travis-got) - Got convenience wrapper to interact with the Travis API
|
994 | - [graphql-got](https://github.com/kevva/graphql-got) - Got convenience wrapper to interact with GraphQL
|
995 | - [GotQL](https://github.com/khaosdoctor/gotql) - Got convenience wrapper to interact with GraphQL using JSON-parsed queries instead of strings
|
996 |
|
997 |
|
998 | ## Maintainers
|
999 |
|
1000 | [![Sindre Sorhus](https://github.com/sindresorhus.png?size=100)](https://sindresorhus.com) | [![Vsevolod Strukchinsky](https://github.com/floatdrop.png?size=100)](https://github.com/floatdrop) | [![Alexander Tesfamichael](https://github.com/AlexTes.png?size=100)](https://github.com/AlexTes) | [![Luke Childs](https://github.com/lukechilds.png?size=100)](https://github.com/lukechilds) | [![Szymon Marczak](https://github.com/szmarczak.png?size=100)](https://github.com/szmarczak) | [![Brandon Smith](https://github.com/brandon93s.png?size=100)](https://github.com/brandon93s)
|
1001 | ---|---|---|---|---|---
|
1002 | [Sindre Sorhus](https://sindresorhus.com) | [Vsevolod Strukchinsky](https://github.com/floatdrop) | [Alexander Tesfamichael](https://alextes.me) | [Luke Childs](https://github.com/lukechilds) | [Szymon Marczak](https://github.com/szmarczak) | [Brandon Smith](https://github.com/brandon93s)
|
1003 |
|
1004 |
|
1005 | ## License
|
1006 |
|
1007 | MIT
|