| 1 | pv
|
| 2 | ===
|
| 3 |
|
| 4 | 显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器
|
| 5 |
|
| 6 | ## 补充说明
|
| 7 |
|
| 8 | **pv命令** Pipe Viewer 的简称，由Andrew Wood 开发。意思是通过管道显示数据处理进度的信息。这些信息包括已经耗费的时间，完成的百分比(通过进度条显示)，当前的速度，全部传输的数据，以及估计剩余的时间。
|
| 9 |
|
| 10 | ## 下载安装
|
| 11 |
|
| 12 | ```shell
|
| 13 | # Debian 系的操作系统，如 Ubuntu
|
| 14 | sudo apt-get install pv
|
| 15 |
|
| 16 | # RedHat系的则这样：
|
| 17 | yum install pv
|
| 18 | ```
|
| 19 |
|
| 20 | ### 语法
|
| 21 |
|
| 22 | ```shell
|
| 23 | pv(选项)(参数)
|
| 24 | pv [OPTION] [FILE]...
|
| 25 | ```
|
| 26 |
|
| 27 | ### 选项
|
| 28 |
|
| 29 | ```shell
|
| 30 | -p, --progress show progress bar
|
| 31 | -t, --timer show elapsed time
|
| 32 | -e, --eta show estimated time of arrival (completion)
|
| 33 | -I, --fineta show absolute estimated time of arrival
|
| 34 | (completion)
|
| 35 | -r, --rate show data transfer rate counter
|
| 36 | -a, --average-rate show data transfer average rate counter
|
| 37 | -b, --bytes show number of bytes transferred
|
| 38 | -T, --buffer-percent show percentage of transfer buffer in use
|
| 39 | -A, --last-written NUM show NUM bytes last written
|
| 40 | -F, --format FORMAT set output format to FORMAT
|
| 41 | -n, --numeric 输出百分比
|
| 42 | -q, --quiet do not output any transfer information at all
|
| 43 |
|
| 44 | -W, --wait display nothing until first byte transferred
|
| 45 | -D, --delay-start SEC display nothing until SEC seconds have passed
|
| 46 | -s, --size SIZE set estimated data size to SIZE bytes
|
| 47 | -l, --line-mode count lines instead of bytes
|
| 48 | -0, --null lines are null-terminated
|
| 49 | -i, --interval SEC update every SEC seconds
|
| 50 | -w, --width WIDTH assume terminal is WIDTH characters wide
|
| 51 | -H, --height HEIGHT assume terminal is HEIGHT rows high
|
| 52 | -N, --name NAME prefix visual information with NAME
|
| 53 | -f, --force output even if standard error is not a terminal
|
| 54 | -c, --cursor use cursor positioning escape sequences
|
| 55 |
|
| 56 | -L, --rate-limit RATE limit transfer to RATE bytes per second
|
| 57 | -B, --buffer-size BYTES use a buffer size of BYTES
|
| 58 | -C, --no-splice never use splice(), always use read/write
|
| 59 | -E, --skip-errors skip read errors in input
|
| 60 | -S, --stop-at-size stop after --size bytes have been transferred
|
| 61 | -R, --remote PID update settings of process PID
|
| 62 |
|
| 63 | -P, --pidfile FILE save process ID in FILE
|
| 64 |
|
| 65 | -d, --watchfd PID[:FD] watch file FD opened by process PID
|
| 66 |
|
| 67 | -h, --help 显示帮助
|
| 68 | -V, --version 显示版本信息
|
| 69 | ```
|
| 70 |
|
| 71 |
|
| 72 | ### 实例
|
| 73 |
|
| 74 | 我们（在 linux 上使用命令行的用户）的大多数使用场景都会用到的命令是从一个 USB 驱动器拷贝电影文件到你的电脑。如果你使用 cp 来完成上面的任务，你会什么情况都不清楚，直到整个复制过程结束或者出错。
|
| 75 |
|
| 76 | ```shell
|
| 77 | # 复制文件会有进度
|
| 78 | linux [master●] % pv ~/Downloads/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1511.iso > ~/Desktop/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1511.iso
|
| 79 | # 下面输入信息
|
| 80 | 552MiB 0:00:02 [ 212MiB/s] [==================> ] 91% ETA 0:00:00
|
| 81 |
|
| 82 | # -L 可以让你修改 pv 命令的传输速率。
|
| 83 | # 使用 -L 选项来限制传输速率为2MB/s。
|
| 84 | pv -L 2m /media/himanshu/1AC2-A8E3/fNf.mkv > ./Desktop/fnf.mkv
|
| 85 | ```
|
| 86 |
|
| 87 |
|
| 88 | ```shell
|
| 89 | # 字符一个个匀速在命令行中显示出来
|
| 90 | echo "Tecmint[dot]com is a community of Linux Nerds and Geeks" | pv -qL 10
|
| 91 |
|
| 92 | # 压缩文件展示进度信息
|
| 93 | pv /media/himanshu/1AC2-A8E3/fnf.mkv | gzip > ./Desktop/fnf.log.gz
|
| 94 |
|
| 95 |
|
| 96 | # 用 dd 命令将 iso 写入磁盘，pv来实现进度条的显示
|
| 97 | sudo pv -cN source < /Users/kacperwang/Downloads/CentOS-7-x86_64-Everything-1511.iso | sudo dd of=/dev/disk2 bs=4m
|
| 98 | ## 显示下面进度
|
| 99 | source: 5.2GiB 5:11:41 [ 503KiB/s] [=====================> ] 71% ETA 2:01:56
|
| 100 | ```
|
| 101 |
|
| 102 | |
| \ | No newline at end of file |