// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Minting extension of the KIP37 standard as defined in the KIP.
 * See http://kips.klaytn.com/KIPs/kip-37#minting-extension
 */
interface IKIP37Mintable {
    /**
     * @dev Creates a new `id` token type and assigns the caller as owner of `initialSupply` while
     * setting a `uri` for this token type
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `id` must not already exist
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event with 0X0 as the `from` account, for the `intialSupply` tokens
     */
    function create(
        uint256 id,
        uint256 initialSupply,
        string calldata uri_
    ) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Mints an `amount` of new `id` tokens and assigns `to` as owner
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event with 0X0 as the `from` account, for the `amount` tokens
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `id` must exist
     * - `to` must not be the zero address
     */
    function mint(
        uint256 id,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev For each item in `toList`, mints an `amount[i]` of new `id` tokens and assigns `toList[i]` as owner
     *
     * Emits multiple {TransferSingle} events with 0X0 as the `from` account, for the `amount` tokens
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `id` must exist
     * - each `toList[i]` must not be the zero address
     * - `toList` and `amounts` must have the same number of elements
     */
    function mint(
        uint256 id,
        address[] calldata toList,
        uint256[] calldata amounts
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Mints multiple KIP37 token types `ids` in a batch and assigns the tokens according to the variables `to` and `amounts`.
     *
     *
     * Emits a {TransferBatch} event with 0X0 as the `from` account, for the `amount` tokens
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` must not be the zero address
     * - each`ids[i]` must exist
     * - `ids` and `amounts` must have the same number of elements
     */
    function mintBatch(
        address to,
        uint256[] calldata ids,
        uint256[] calldata amounts
    ) external;
}

// File: contracts/KIP/token/KIP37/extensions/IKIP37Pausable.sol


// Klaytn Contract Library v1.0.0 (KIP/token/KIP37/extensions/IKIP37Pausable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Pausing extension of the KIP37 standard as defined in the KIP.
 * See http://kips.klaytn.com/KIPs/kip-37#pausing-extension
 */
interface IKIP37Pausable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the contract is paused, false otherwise
     */
    function paused() external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Pause any function which triggers {KIP37-_beforeTokenTransfer}
     *
     * Emits a {Paused} event.
     */
    function pause() external;

    /**
     * @dev Resume normal function from the contract paused state
     *
     * Emits a {Unpaused} event.
     */
    function unpause() external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the token type `id` is paused, false otherwise
     */
    function paused(uint256 id) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Pause any function which triggers {KIP37-_beforeTokenTransfer} when token `id` is invoked
     *
     * Emits a {TokenPaused} event.
     */
    function pause(uint256 id) external;

    /**
     * @dev Resume normal function from the token type `id` paused state
     *
     * Emits a {TokenUnpaused} event.
     */
    function unpause(uint256 id) external;
}

// File: contracts/utils/structs/EnumerableSet.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (utils/structs/EnumerableSet.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Library for managing
 * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set_(abstract_data_type)[sets] of primitive
 * types.
 *
 * Sets have the following properties:
 *
 * - Elements are added, removed, and checked for existence in constant time
 * (O(1)).
 * - Elements are enumerated in O(n). No guarantees are made on the ordering.
 *
 * ```
 * contract Example {
 *     // Add the library methods
 *     using EnumerableSet for EnumerableSet.AddressSet;
 *
 *     // Declare a set state variable
 *     EnumerableSet.AddressSet private mySet;
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * As of v3.3.0, sets of type `bytes32` (`Bytes32Set`), `address` (`AddressSet`)
 * and `uint256` (`UintSet`) are supported.
 *
 * [WARNING]
 * ====
 *  Trying to delete such a structure from storage will likely result in data corruption, rendering the structure unusable.
 *  See https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/pull/11843[ethereum/solidity#11843] for more info.
 *
 *  In order to clean an EnumerableSet, you can either remove all elements one by one or create a fresh instance using an array of EnumerableSet.
 * ====
 */
library EnumerableSet {
    // To implement this library for multiple types with as little code
    // repetition as possible, we write it in terms of a generic Set type with
    // bytes32 values.
    // The Set implementation uses private functions, and user-facing
    // implementations (such as AddressSet) are just wrappers around the
    // underlying Set.
    // This means that we can only create new EnumerableSets for types that fit
    // in bytes32.

    struct Set {
        // Storage of set values
        bytes32[] _values;
        // Position of the value in the `values` array, plus 1 because index 0
        // means a value is not in the set.
        mapping(bytes32 => uint256) _indexes;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Add a value to a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was added to the set, that is if it was not
     * already present.
     */
    function _add(Set storage set, bytes32 value) private returns (bool) {
        if (!_contains(set, value)) {
            set._values.push(value);
            // The value is stored at length-1, but we add 1 to all indexes
            // and use 0 as a sentinel value
            set._indexes[value] = set._values.length;
            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was removed from the set, that is if it was
     * present.
     */
    function _remove(Set storage set, bytes32 value) private returns (bool) {
        // We read and store the value's index to prevent multiple reads from the same storage slot
        uint256 valueIndex = set._indexes[value];

        if (valueIndex != 0) {
            // Equivalent to contains(set, value)
            // To delete an element from the _values array in O(1), we swap the element to delete with the last one in
            // the array, and then remove the last element (sometimes called as 'swap and pop').
            // This modifies the order of the array, as noted in {at}.

            uint256 toDeleteIndex = valueIndex - 1;
            uint256 lastIndex = set._values.length - 1;

            if (lastIndex != toDeleteIndex) {
                bytes32 lastValue = set._values[lastIndex];

                // Move the last value to the index where the value to delete is
                set._values[toDeleteIndex] = lastValue;
                // Update the index for the moved value
                set._indexes[lastValue] = valueIndex; // Replace lastValue's index to valueIndex
            }

            // Delete the slot where the moved value was stored
            set._values.pop();

            // Delete the index for the deleted slot
            delete set._indexes[value];

            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the value is in the set. O(1).
     */
    function _contains(Set storage set, bytes32 value) private view returns (bool) {
        return set._indexes[value] != 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of values on the set. O(1).
     */
    function _length(Set storage set) private view returns (uint256) {
        return set._values.length;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value stored at position `index` in the set. O(1).
     *
     * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the
     * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}.
     */
    function _at(Set storage set, uint256 index) private view returns (bytes32) {
        return set._values[index];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the entire set in an array
     *
     * WARNING: This operation will copy the entire storage to memory, which can be quite expensive. This is designed
     * to mostly be used by view accessors that are queried without any gas fees. Developers should keep in mind that
     * this function has an unbounded cost, and using it as part of a state-changing function may render the function
     * uncallable if the set grows to a point where copying to memory consumes too much gas to fit in a block.
     */
    function _values(Set storage set) private view returns (bytes32[] memory) {
        return set._values;
    }

    // Bytes32Set

    struct Bytes32Set {
        Set _inner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Add a value to a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was added to the set, that is if it was not
     * already present.
     */
    function add(Bytes32Set storage set, bytes32 value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _add(set._inner, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was removed from the set, that is if it was
     * present.
     */
    function remove(Bytes32Set storage set, bytes32 value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _remove(set._inner, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the value is in the set. O(1).
     */
    function contains(Bytes32Set storage set, bytes32 value) internal view returns (bool) {
        return _contains(set._inner, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of values in the set. O(1).
     */
    function length(Bytes32Set storage set) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return _length(set._inner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value stored at position `index` in the set. O(1).
     *
     * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the
     * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}.
     */
    function at(Bytes32Set storage set, uint256 index) internal view returns (bytes32) {
        return _at(set._inner, index);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the entire set in an array
     *
     * WARNING: This operation will copy the entire storage to memory, which can be quite expensive. This is designed
     * to mostly be used by view accessors that are queried without any gas fees. Developers should keep in mind that
     * this function has an unbounded cost, and using it as part of a state-changing function may render the function
     * uncallable if the set grows to a point where copying to memory consumes too much gas to fit in a block.
     */
    function values(Bytes32Set storage set) internal view returns (bytes32[] memory) {
        return _values(set._inner);
    }

    // AddressSet

    struct AddressSet {
        Set _inner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Add a value to a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was added to the set, that is if it was not
     * already present.
     */
    function add(AddressSet storage set, address value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _add(set._inner, bytes32(uint256(uint160(value))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was removed from the set, that is if it was
     * present.
     */
    function remove(AddressSet storage set, address value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _remove(set._inner, bytes32(uint256(uint160(value))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the value is in the set. O(1).
     */
    function contains(AddressSet storage set, address value) internal view returns (bool) {
        return _contains(set._inner, bytes32(uint256(uint160(value))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of values in the set. O(1).
     */
    function length(AddressSet storage set) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return _length(set._inner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value stored at position `index` in the set. O(1).
     *
     * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the
     * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}.
     */
    function at(AddressSet storage set, uint256 index) internal view returns (address) {
        return address(uint160(uint256(_at(set._inner, index))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the entire set in an array
     *
     * WARNING: This operation will copy the entire storage to memory, which can be quite expensive. This is designed
     * to mostly be used by view accessors that are queried without any gas fees. Developers should keep in mind that
     * this function has an unbounded cost, and using it as part of a state-changing function may render the function
     * uncallable if the set grows to a point where copying to memory consumes too much gas to fit in a block.
     */
    function values(AddressSet storage set) internal view returns (address[] memory) {
        bytes32[] memory store = _values(set._inner);
        address[] memory result;

        assembly {
            result := store
        }

        return result;
    }

    // UintSet

    struct UintSet {
        Set _inner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Add a value to a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was added to the set, that is if it was not
     * already present.
     */
    function add(UintSet storage set, uint256 value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _add(set._inner, bytes32(value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was removed from the set, that is if it was
     * present.
     */
    function remove(UintSet storage set, uint256 value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _remove(set._inner, bytes32(value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the value is in the set. O(1).
     */
    function contains(UintSet storage set, uint256 value) internal view returns (bool) {
        return _contains(set._inner, bytes32(value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of values on the set. O(1).
     */
    function length(UintSet storage set) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return _length(set._inner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value stored at position `index` in the set. O(1).
     *
     * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the
     * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}.
     */
    function at(UintSet storage set, uint256 index) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return uint256(_at(set._inner, index));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the entire set in an array
     *
     * WARNING: This operation will copy the entire storage to memory, which can be quite expensive. This is designed
     * to mostly be used by view accessors that are queried without any gas fees. Developers should keep in mind that
     * this function has an unbounded cost, and using it as part of a state-changing function may render the function
     * uncallable if the set grows to a point where copying to memory consumes too much gas to fit in a block.
     */
    function values(UintSet storage set) internal view returns (uint256[] memory) {
        bytes32[] memory store = _values(set._inner);
        uint256[] memory result;

        assembly {
            result := store
        }

        return result;
    }
}

// File: contracts/utils/Strings.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Strings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library Strings {
    bytes16 private constant _HEX_SYMBOLS = "0123456789abcdef";
    uint8 private constant _ADDRESS_LENGTH = 20;

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        // Inspired by OraclizeAPI's implementation - MIT licence
        // https://github.com/oraclize/ethereum-api/blob/b42146b063c7d6ee1358846c198246239e9360e8/oraclizeAPI_0.4.25.sol

        if (value == 0) {
            return "0";
        }
        uint256 temp = value;
        uint256 digits;
        while (temp != 0) {
            digits++;
            temp /= 10;
        }
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(digits);
        while (value != 0) {
            digits -= 1;
            buffer[digits] = bytes1(uint8(48 + uint256(value % 10)));
            value /= 10;
        }
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        if (value == 0) {
            return "0x00";
        }
        uint256 temp = value;
        uint256 length = 0;
        while (temp != 0) {
            length++;
            temp >>= 8;
        }
        return toHexString(value, length);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = _HEX_SYMBOLS[value & 0xf];
            value >>= 4;
        }
        require(value == 0, "Strings: hex length insufficient");
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its not checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return toHexString(uint256(uint160(addr)), _ADDRESS_LENGTH);
    }
}

// File: contracts/access/IAccessControl.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (access/IAccessControl.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev External interface of AccessControl declared to support ERC165 detection.
 */
interface IAccessControl {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `newAdminRole` is set as ``role``'s admin role, replacing `previousAdminRole`
     *
     * `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` is the starting admin for all roles, despite
     * {RoleAdminChanged} not being emitted signaling this.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    event RoleAdminChanged(bytes32 indexed role, bytes32 indexed previousAdminRole, bytes32 indexed newAdminRole);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` is granted `role`.
     *
     * `sender` is the account that originated the contract call, an admin role
     * bearer except when using {AccessControl-_setupRole}.
     */
    event RoleGranted(bytes32 indexed role, address indexed account, address indexed sender);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` is revoked `role`.
     *
     * `sender` is the account that originated the contract call:
     *   - if using `revokeRole`, it is the admin role bearer
     *   - if using `renounceRole`, it is the role bearer (i.e. `account`)
     */
    event RoleRevoked(bytes32 indexed role, address indexed account, address indexed sender);

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if `account` has been granted `role`.
     */
    function hasRole(bytes32 role, address account) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the admin role that controls `role`. See {grantRole} and
     * {revokeRole}.
     *
     * To change a role's admin, use {AccessControl-_setRoleAdmin}.
     */
    function getRoleAdmin(bytes32 role) external view returns (bytes32);

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     */
    function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     */
    function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from the calling account.
     *
     * Roles are often managed via {grantRole} and {revokeRole}: this function's
     * purpose is to provide a mechanism for accounts to lose their privileges
     * if they are compromised (such as when a trusted device is misplaced).
     *
     * If the calling account had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must be `account`.
     */
    function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;
}

// File: contracts/access/IAccessControlEnumerable.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (access/IAccessControlEnumerable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;


/**
 * @dev External interface of AccessControlEnumerable declared to support ERC165 detection.
 */
interface IAccessControlEnumerable is IAccessControl {
    /**
     * @dev Returns one of the accounts that have `role`. `index` must be a
     * value between 0 and {getRoleMemberCount}, non-inclusive.
     *
     * Role bearers are not sorted in any particular way, and their ordering may
     * change at any point.
     *
     * WARNING: When using {getRoleMember} and {getRoleMemberCount}, make sure
     * you perform all queries on the same block. See the following
     * https://forum.openzeppelin.com/t/iterating-over-elements-on-enumerableset-in-openzeppelin-contracts/2296[forum post]
     * for more information.
     */
    function getRoleMember(bytes32 role, uint256 index) external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of accounts that have `role`. Can be used
     * together with {getRoleMember} to enumerate all bearers of a role.
     */
    function getRoleMemberCount(bytes32 role) external view returns (uint256);
}

// File: contracts/KIP/token/KIP37/extensions/IKIP37Burnable.sol


// Klaytn Contract Library v1.0.0 (KIP/token/KIP37/extensions/IKIP37Burnable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @title KIP37 Non-Fungible Token Standard, optional burnable extension
 * @dev See http://kips.klaytn.com/KIPs/kip-37#burning-extension
 */
interface IKIP37Burnable {
    /**
     * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens of token type `id` from `from`
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event with the 0x0 address as `to`.
     */
    function burn(
        address account,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Destroys each amount `amounts[i]` tokens of each token type `ids[i]` from `from`
     *
     * Emits a {TransferBatch} event with the 0x0 address as `to`.
     */
    function burnBatch(
        address account,
        uint256[] calldata ids,
        uint256[] calldata amounts
    ) external;
}

// File: contracts/utils/Context.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }
}

// File: contracts/access/Ownable.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (access/Ownable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;


/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
abstract contract Ownable is Context {
    address private _owner;

    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    constructor() {
        _transferOwnership(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        require(owner() == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions anymore. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
        _transferOwnership(address(0));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
        require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
        _transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
        address oldOwner = _owner;
        _owner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
    }
}

// File: contracts/security/Pausable.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (security/Pausable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;


/**
 * @dev Contract module which allows children to implement an emergency stop
 * mechanism that can be triggered by an authorized account.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the
 * modifiers `whenNotPaused` and `whenPaused`, which can be applied to
 * the functions of your contract. Note that they will not be pausable by
 * simply including this module, only once the modifiers are put in place.
 */
abstract contract Pausable is Context {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the pause is triggered by `account`.
     */
    event Paused(address account);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the pause is lifted by `account`.
     */
    event Unpaused(address account);

    bool private _paused;

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract in unpaused state.
     */
    constructor() {
        _paused = false;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the contract is paused, and false otherwise.
     */
    function paused() public view virtual returns (bool) {
        return _paused;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is not paused.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must not be paused.
     */
    modifier whenNotPaused() {
        require(!paused(), "Pausable: paused");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is paused.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must be paused.
     */
    modifier whenPaused() {
        require(paused(), "Pausable: not paused");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Triggers stopped state.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must not be paused.
     */
    function _pause() internal virtual whenNotPaused {
        _paused = true;
        emit Paused(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns to normal state.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must be paused.
     */
    function _unpause() internal virtual whenPaused {
        _paused = false;
        emit Unpaused(_msgSender());
    }
}

// File: contracts/utils/Address.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (utils/Address.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.1;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library Address {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     * ====
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
     *
     * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
     * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
     * constructor.
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
        // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
        // of the constructor execution.

        return account.code.length > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCall(target, data, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        require(isContract(target), "Address: static call to non-contract");

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(isContract(target), "Address: delegate call to non-contract");

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verifies that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason using the provided one.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function verifyCallResult(
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
            if (returndata.length > 0) {
                // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly

                assembly {
                    let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                    revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
                }
            } else {
                revert(errorMessage);
            }
        }
    }
}

// File: contracts/utils/introspection/IERC165.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/IERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC165 standard, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[EIP].
 *
 * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
 * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
 *
 * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
 */
interface IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[EIP section]
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}

// File: contracts/utils/introspection/ERC165.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/ERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;


/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC165} interface.
 *
 * Contracts that want to implement ERC165 should inherit from this contract and override {supportsInterface} to check
 * for the additional interface id that will be supported. For example:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
 *     return interfaceId == type(MyInterface).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Alternatively, {ERC165Storage} provides an easier to use but more expensive implementation.
 */
abstract contract ERC165 is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IERC165).interfaceId;
    }
}

// File: contracts/access/AccessControl.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (access/AccessControl.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;





/**
 * @dev Contract module that allows children to implement role-based access
 * control mechanisms. This is a lightweight version that doesn't allow enumerating role
 * members except through off-chain means by accessing the contract event logs. Some
 * applications may benefit from on-chain enumerability, for those cases see
 * {AccessControlEnumerable}.
 *
 * Roles are referred to by their `bytes32` identifier. These should be exposed
 * in the external API and be unique. The best way to achieve this is by
 * using `public constant` hash digests:
 *
 * ```
 * bytes32 public constant MY_ROLE = keccak256("MY_ROLE");
 * ```
 *
 * Roles can be used to represent a set of permissions. To restrict access to a
 * function call, use {hasRole}:
 *
 * ```
 * function foo() public {
 *     require(hasRole(MY_ROLE, msg.sender));
 *     ...
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Roles can be granted and revoked dynamically via the {grantRole} and
 * {revokeRole} functions. Each role has an associated admin role, and only
 * accounts that have a role's admin role can call {grantRole} and {revokeRole}.
 *
 * By default, the admin role for all roles is `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`, which means
 * that only accounts with this role will be able to grant or revoke other
 * roles. More complex role relationships can be created by using
 * {_setRoleAdmin}.
 *
 * WARNING: The `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` is also its own admin: it has permission to
 * grant and revoke this role. Extra precautions should be taken to secure
 * accounts that have been granted it.
 */
abstract contract AccessControl is Context, IAccessControl, ERC165 {
    struct RoleData {
        mapping(address => bool) members;
        bytes32 adminRole;
    }

    mapping(bytes32 => RoleData) private _roles;

    bytes32 public constant DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE = 0x00;

    /**
     * @dev Modifier that checks that an account has a specific role. Reverts
     * with a standardized message including the required role.
     *
     * The format of the revert reason is given by the following regular expression:
     *
     *  /^AccessControl: account (0x[0-9a-f]{40}) is missing role (0x[0-9a-f]{64})$/
     *
     * _Available since v4.1._
     */
    modifier onlyRole(bytes32 role) {
        _checkRole(role);
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IAccessControl).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if `account` has been granted `role`.
     */
    function hasRole(bytes32 role, address account) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return _roles[role].members[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revert with a standard message if `_msgSender()` is missing `role`.
     * Overriding this function changes the behavior of the {onlyRole} modifier.
     *
     * Format of the revert message is described in {_checkRole}.
     *
     * _Available since v4.6._
     */
    function _checkRole(bytes32 role) internal view virtual {
        _checkRole(role, _msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revert with a standard message if `account` is missing `role`.
     *
     * The format of the revert reason is given by the following regular expression:
     *
     *  /^AccessControl: account (0x[0-9a-f]{40}) is missing role (0x[0-9a-f]{64})$/
     */
    function _checkRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal view virtual {
        if (!hasRole(role, account)) {
            revert(
                string(
                    abi.encodePacked(
                        "AccessControl: account ",
                        Strings.toHexString(uint160(account), 20),
                        " is missing role ",
                        Strings.toHexString(uint256(role), 32)
                    )
                )
            );
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the admin role that controls `role`. See {grantRole} and
     * {revokeRole}.
     *
     * To change a role's admin, use {_setRoleAdmin}.
     */
    function getRoleAdmin(bytes32 role) public view virtual override returns (bytes32) {
        return _roles[role].adminRole;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleGranted} event.
     */
    function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override onlyRole(getRoleAdmin(role)) {
        _grantRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleRevoked} event.
     */
    function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override onlyRole(getRoleAdmin(role)) {
        _revokeRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from the calling account.
     *
     * Roles are often managed via {grantRole} and {revokeRole}: this function's
     * purpose is to provide a mechanism for accounts to lose their privileges
     * if they are compromised (such as when a trusted device is misplaced).
     *
     * If the calling account had been revoked `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must be `account`.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleRevoked} event.
     */
    function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override {
        require(account == _msgSender(), "AccessControl: can only renounce roles for self");

        _revokeRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event. Note that unlike {grantRole}, this function doesn't perform any
     * checks on the calling account.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleGranted} event.
     *
     * [WARNING]
     * ====
     * This function should only be called from the constructor when setting
     * up the initial roles for the system.
     *
     * Using this function in any other way is effectively circumventing the admin
     * system imposed by {AccessControl}.
     * ====
     *
     * NOTE: This function is deprecated in favor of {_grantRole}.
     */
    function _setupRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual {
        _grantRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets `adminRole` as ``role``'s admin role.
     *
     * Emits a {RoleAdminChanged} event.
     */
    function _setRoleAdmin(bytes32 role, bytes32 adminRole) internal virtual {
        bytes32 previousAdminRole = getRoleAdmin(role);
        _roles[role].adminRole = adminRole;
        emit RoleAdminChanged(role, previousAdminRole, adminRole);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleGranted} event.
     */
    function _grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual {
        if (!hasRole(role, account)) {
            _roles[role].members[account] = true;
            emit RoleGranted(role, account, _msgSender());
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
     *
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleRevoked} event.
     */
    function _revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual {
        if (hasRole(role, account)) {
            _roles[role].members[account] = false;
            emit RoleRevoked(role, account, _msgSender());
        }
    }
}

// File: contracts/access/AccessControlEnumerable.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (access/AccessControlEnumerable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;




/**
 * @dev Extension of {AccessControl} that allows enumerating the members of each role.
 */
abstract contract AccessControlEnumerable is IAccessControlEnumerable, AccessControl {
    using EnumerableSet for EnumerableSet.AddressSet;

    mapping(bytes32 => EnumerableSet.AddressSet) private _roleMembers;

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IAccessControlEnumerable).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns one of the accounts that have `role`. `index` must be a
     * value between 0 and {getRoleMemberCount}, non-inclusive.
     *
     * Role bearers are not sorted in any particular way, and their ordering may
     * change at any point.
     *
     * WARNING: When using {getRoleMember} and {getRoleMemberCount}, make sure
     * you perform all queries on the same block. See the following
     * https://forum.openzeppelin.com/t/iterating-over-elements-on-enumerableset-in-openzeppelin-contracts/2296[forum post]
     * for more information.
     */
    function getRoleMember(bytes32 role, uint256 index) public view virtual override returns (address) {
        return _roleMembers[role].at(index);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of accounts that have `role`. Can be used
     * together with {getRoleMember} to enumerate all bearers of a role.
     */
    function getRoleMemberCount(bytes32 role) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _roleMembers[role].length();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload {_grantRole} to track enumerable memberships
     */
    function _grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual override {
        super._grantRole(role, account);
        _roleMembers[role].add(account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload {_revokeRole} to track enumerable memberships
     */
    function _revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual override {
        super._revokeRole(role, account);
        _roleMembers[role].remove(account);
    }
}

// File: contracts/token/ERC1155/IERC1155Receiver.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (token/ERC1155/IERC1155Receiver.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;


/**
 * @dev _Available since v3.1._
 */
interface IERC1155Receiver is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Handles the receipt of a single ERC1155 token type. This function is
     * called at the end of a `safeTransferFrom` after the balance has been updated.
     *
     * NOTE: To accept the transfer, this must return
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155Received(address,address,uint256,uint256,bytes)"))`
     * (i.e. 0xf23a6e61, or its own function selector).
     *
     * @param operator The address which initiated the transfer (i.e. msg.sender)
     * @param from The address which previously owned the token
     * @param id The ID of the token being transferred
     * @param value The amount of tokens being transferred
     * @param data Additional data with no specified format
     * @return `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155Received(address,address,uint256,uint256,bytes)"))` if transfer is allowed
     */
    function onERC1155Received(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 value,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes4);

    /**
     * @dev Handles the receipt of a multiple ERC1155 token types. This function
     * is called at the end of a `safeBatchTransferFrom` after the balances have
     * been updated.
     *
     * NOTE: To accept the transfer(s), this must return
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155BatchReceived(address,address,uint256[],uint256[],bytes)"))`
     * (i.e. 0xbc197c81, or its own function selector).
     *
     * @param operator The address which initiated the batch transfer (i.e. msg.sender)
     * @param from The address which previously owned the token
     * @param ids An array containing ids of each token being transferred (order and length must match values array)
     * @param values An array containing amounts of each token being transferred (order and length must match ids array)
     * @param data Additional data with no specified format
     * @return `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155BatchReceived(address,address,uint256[],uint256[],bytes)"))` if transfer is allowed
     */
    function onERC1155BatchReceived(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256[] calldata ids,
        uint256[] calldata values,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes4);
}

// File: contracts/KIP/utils/introspection/IKIP13.sol


// Klaytn Contract Library v1.0.0 (KIP/utils/introspection/IKIP13.sol)
// Based on OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.5.0 (utils/introspection/IERC165.sol)
// https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/releases/tag/v4.5.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the KIP13 standard as defined in the KIP.
 *
 * See - http://kips.klaytn.com/KIPs/kip-13-interface_query_standard
 */
interface IKIP13 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`.
     * See - http://kips.klaytn.com/KIPs/kip-13-interface_query_standard#how-interface-identifiers-are-defined
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - implementation of this function call must use less than 30 000 gas
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}

// File: contracts/KIP/interfaces/IKIP13.sol


// Klaytn Contract Library v1.0.0 (KIP/interfaces/IKIP13.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;


// File: contracts/KIP/utils/introspection/KIP13.sol


// Klaytn Contract Library v1.0.0 (KIP/utils/introspection/KIP13.sol)
// Based on OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.5.0 (utils/introspection/ERC165.sol)
// https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/releases/tag/v4.5.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;


/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IKIP13} interface.
 *
 * Contracts that want to implement KIP13 should inherit from this contract and override {supportsInterface} to check
 * for the additional interface id that will be supported. For example:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
 *     return interfaceId == type(MyInterface).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Alternatively, {KIP13Storage} provides an easier to use but more expensive implementation.
 */
abstract contract KIP13 is IKIP13 {
    /**
     * @dev See {IKIP13-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IKIP13).interfaceId;
    }
}

// File: contracts/KIP/token/KIP37/IKIP37Receiver.sol


// Klaytn Contract Library v1.0.0 (KIP/token/KIP37/IKIP37Receiver.sol)
// Based on OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.5.0 (token/ERC1155/IERC1155Receiver.sol)
// https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/releases/tag/v4.5.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;


/**
 * @dev
 */
interface IKIP37Receiver is IKIP13 {
    /**
     * @dev Handles the receipt of a single KIP37 token type. This function is
     * called at the end of a `safeTransferFrom` after the balance has been updated.
     *
     * NOTE: To accept the transfer, this must return
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onKIP37Received(address,address,uint256,uint256,bytes)"))`
     * (i.e. 0xf23a6e61, or its own function selector).
     *
     * @param operator The address which initiated the transfer (i.e. msg.sender)
     * @param from The address which previously owned the token
     * @param id The ID of the token being transferred
     * @param amount The amount of tokens being transferred
     * @param data Additional data with no specified format
     * @return `bytes4(keccak256("onKIP37Received(address,address,uint256,uint256,bytes)"))` if transfer is allowed
     */
    function onKIP37Received(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes4);

    /**
     * @dev Handles the receipt of a multiple KIP37 token types. This function
     * is called at the end of a `safeBatchTransferFrom` after the balances have
     * been updated.
     *
     * NOTE: To accept the transfer(s), this must return
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onKIP37BatchReceived(address,address,uint256[],uint256[],bytes)"))`
     * (i.e. 0xbc197c81, or its own function selector).
     *
     * @param operator The address which initiated the batch transfer (i.e. msg.sender)
     * @param from The address which previously owned the token
     * @param ids An array containing ids of each token being transferred (order and length must match amounts array)
     * @param amounts An array containing amounts of each token being transferred (order and length must match ids array)
     * @param data Additional data with no specified format
     * @return `bytes4(keccak256("onKIP37BatchReceived(address,address,uint256[],uint256[],bytes)"))` if transfer is allowed
     */
    function onKIP37BatchReceived(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256[] calldata ids,
        uint256[] calldata amounts,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes4);
}

// File: contracts/KIP/token/KIP37/IKIP37.sol


// Klaytn Contract Library v1.0.0 (KIP/token/KIP37/IKIP37.sol)
// Based on OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.5.0 (token/ERC1155/IERC1155.sol)
// https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/releases/tag/v4.5.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;


/**
 * @dev Required interface of an KIP37 compliant contract, as defined in the
 * http://kips.klaytn.com/KIPs/kip-37#kip37-interface[KIP].
 *
 */
interface IKIP37 is IKIP13 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `amount` tokens of token type `id` are transferred from `from` to `to` by `operator`.
     */
    event TransferSingle(
        address indexed operator,
        address indexed from,
        address indexed to,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount
    );

    /**
     * @dev Equivalent to multiple {TransferSingle} events, where `operator`, `from` and `to` are the same for all
     * transfers.
     */
    event TransferBatch(
        address indexed operator,
        address indexed from,
        address indexed to,
        uint256[] ids,
        uint256[] amounts
    );

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` grants or revokes permission to `operator` to transfer their tokens, according to
     * `approved`.
     */
    event ApprovalForAll(address indexed owner, address indexed operator, bool approved);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the URI for token type `id` changes to `value`, if it is a non-programmatic URI.
     *
     * If an {URI} event was emitted for `id`, the standard
     * http://kips.klaytn.com/KIPs/kip-37#metadata-extension[guarantees] that `value` will equal the value
     * returned by {IKIP37Metadata-uri}.
     */
    event URI(string value, uint256 indexed id);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens of token type `id` owned by `owner`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `owner` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function balanceOf(address owner, uint256 id) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:kip37.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {balanceOf}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `owners` and `ids` must have the same length.
     */
    function balanceOfBatch(address[] calldata owners, uint256[] calldata ids) external view returns (uint256[] memory);

    /**
     * @dev Grants or revokes permission to `operator` to transfer the caller's tokens, according to `approved`,
     *
     * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `operator` cannot be the caller.
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `operator` is approved to transfer ``owner``'s tokens.
     *
     * See {setApprovalForAll}.
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Transfers `amount` tokens of token type `id` from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be have been approved to spend ``from``'s tokens via {setApprovalForAll}.
     * - `from` must have a balance of tokens of type `id` of at least `amount`.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IKIP37Receiver-onKIP37Received} and return the
     * acceptance magic amount.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:kip37.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {safeTransferFrom}.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferBatch} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `ids` and `amounts` must have the same length.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IKIP37Receiver-onKIP37BatchReceived} and return the
     * acceptance magic amount.
     */
    function safeBatchTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] calldata ids,
        uint256[] calldata amounts,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external;

    /**
        @notice Get the total supply of the token type requested.
        @param _id      ID of the token
        @return         The supply of the token type requested
    */
    function totalSupply(uint256 _id) external view returns (uint256);
}

// File: contracts/KIP/token/KIP37/extensions/IKIP37MetadataURI.sol


// Klaytn Contract Library v1.0.0 (KIP/token/KIP37/extensions/IKIP37MetadataURI.sol)
// Based on OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.5.0 (token/ERC1155/extensions/IERC1155MetadataURI.sol)
// https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/releases/tag/v4.5.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;


/**
 * @dev Interface of the optional KIP37Metadata Extension interface, as defined
 * in the http://kips.klaytn.com/KIPs/kip-37#metadata-extension[KIP].
 *
 */
interface IKIP37MetadataURI is IKIP37 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the URI for token type `id`.
     *
     * If the `\{id\}` substring is present in the URI, it must be replaced by
     * clients with the actual token type ID.
     */
    function uri(uint256 id) external view returns (string memory);
}

// File: contracts/KIP/token/KIP37/KIP37.sol


// Klaytn Contract Library v1.0.0 (KIP/token/KIP37/KIP37.sol)
// Based on OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.5.0 (token/ERC1155/ERC1155.sol)
// https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/releases/tag/v4.5.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;








/**
 * @dev Implementation of the basic standard multi-token.
 * See http://kips.klaytn.com/KIPs/kip-37
 * Originally based on code by Enjin: https://github.com/enjin/erc-1155
 *
 */
contract KIP37 is KIP13, IKIP37, IKIP37MetadataURI, Context {
    using Address for address;

    // Mapping from token ID to account balances
    mapping(uint256 => mapping(address => uint256)) private _balances;

    // Mapping from token ID to  token's circulating supply
    mapping(uint256 => uint256) private _totalSupply;

    // Mapping from account to operator approvals
    mapping(address => mapping(address => bool)) private _operatorApprovals;

    // Used as the URI for all token types by relying on ID substitution, e.g. https://token-cdn-domain/{id}.json
    string private _uri;

    /**
     * @dev See {_setURI}.
     */
    constructor(string memory uri_) {
        _setURI(uri_);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IKIP13-supportsInterface}.
     */

    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override(KIP13, IKIP13) returns (bool) {
        return
            interfaceId == type(IKIP37).interfaceId ||
            interfaceId == type(IKIP37MetadataURI).interfaceId ||
            KIP13.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IKIP37Metadata-uri}.
     *
     * This implementation returns the same URI for *all* token types. It relies
     * on the token type ID substitution mechanism
     * http://kips.klaytn.com/KIPs/kip-37#metadata-extension[defined in the KIP].
     *
     * Clients calling this function must replace the `\{id\}` substring with the
     * actual token type ID.
     */
    function uri(uint256) public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return _uri;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Total amount of tokens in with a given id.
     */
    function totalSupply(uint256 id) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _totalSupply[id];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IKIP37-balanceOf}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `owner` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function balanceOf(address owner, uint256 id) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        require(owner != address(0), "KIP37: address zero is not a valid owner");
        return _balances[id][owner];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IKIP37-balanceOfBatch}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `owners` and `ids` must have the same length.
     */
    function balanceOfBatch(address[] memory owners, uint256[] memory ids)
        public
        view
        virtual
        override
        returns (uint256[] memory)
    {
        require(owners.length == ids.length, "KIP37: owners and ids length mismatch");

        uint256[] memory batchBalances = new uint256[](owners.length);

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < owners.length; ++i) {
            batchBalances[i] = balanceOf(owners[i], ids[i]);
        }

        return batchBalances;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IKIP37-setApprovalForAll}.
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) public virtual override {
        _setApprovalForAll(_msgSender(), operator, approved);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IKIP37-isApprovedForAll}.
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return _operatorApprovals[owner][operator];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IKIP37-safeTransferFrom}.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes memory data
    ) public virtual override {
        require(
            from == _msgSender() || isApprovedForAll(from, _msgSender()),
            "KIP37: caller is not owner nor approved"
        );
        _safeTransferFrom(from, to, id, amount, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IKIP37-safeBatchTransferFrom}.
     */
    function safeBatchTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) public virtual override {
        require(
            from == _msgSender() || isApprovedForAll(from, _msgSender()),
            "KIP37: transfer caller is not owner nor approved"
        );
        _safeBatchTransferFrom(from, to, ids, amounts, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers `amount` tokens of token type `id` from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have a balance of tokens of type `id` of at least `amount`.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IKIP37Receiver-onKIP37Received} and return the
     * acceptance magic amount.
     */
    function _safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {
        require(to != address(0), "KIP37: transfer to the zero address");

        address operator = _msgSender();
        uint256[] memory ids = _asSingletonArray(id);
        uint256[] memory amounts = _asSingletonArray(amount);

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);

        uint256 fromBalance = _balances[id][from];
        require(fromBalance >= amount, "KIP37: insufficient balance for transfer");
        unchecked {
            _balances[id][from] = fromBalance - amount;
        }
        _balances[id][to] += amount;

        emit TransferSingle(operator, from, to, id, amount);

        _afterTokenTransfer(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);

        _doSafeTransferAcceptanceCheck(operator, from, to, id, amount, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:kip37.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {_safeTransferFrom}.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferBatch} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IKIP37Receiver-onKIP37BatchReceived} and return the
     * acceptance magic amount.
     */
    function _safeBatchTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {
        require(ids.length == amounts.length, "KIP37: ids and amounts length mismatch");
        require(to != address(0), "KIP37: transfer to the zero address");

        address operator = _msgSender();

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < ids.length; ++i) {
            uint256 id = ids[i];
            uint256 amount = amounts[i];

            uint256 fromBalance = _balances[id][from];
            require(fromBalance >= amount, "KIP37: insufficient balance for transfer");
            unchecked {
                _balances[id][from] = fromBalance - amount;
            }
            _balances[id][to] += amount;
        }

        emit TransferBatch(operator, from, to, ids, amounts);

        _afterTokenTransfer(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);

        _doSafeBatchTransferAcceptanceCheck(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets a new URI for all token types, by relying on the token type ID
     * substitution mechanism
     * http://kips.klaytn.com/KIPs/kip-37#metadata-extension[defined in the KIP].
     *
     * By this mechanism, any occurrence of the `\{id\}` substring in either the
     * URI or any of the amounts in the JSON file at said URI will be replaced by
     * clients with the token type ID.
     *
     * For example, the `https://token-cdn-domain/\{id\}.json` URI would be
     * interpreted by clients as
     * `https://token-cdn-domain/000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000004cce0.json`
     * for token type ID 0x4cce0.
     *
     * See {uri}.
     *
     * Because these URIs cannot be meaningfully represented by the {URI} event,
     * this function emits no events.
     */
    function _setURI(string memory newuri) internal virtual {
        _uri = newuri;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Creates `amount` tokens of token type `id`, and assigns them to `to`.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IKIP37Receiver-onKIP37Received} and return the
     * acceptance magic amount.
     */
    function _mint(
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {
        require(to != address(0), "KIP37: mint to the zero address");

        address operator = _msgSender();
        uint256[] memory ids = _asSingletonArray(id);
        uint256[] memory amounts = _asSingletonArray(amount);

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts, data);

        _balances[id][to] += amount;
        emit TransferSingle(operator, address(0), to, id, amount);

        _afterTokenTransfer(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts, data);

        _doSafeTransferAcceptanceCheck(operator, address(0), to, id, amount, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:kip37.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {_mint}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `ids` and `amounts` must have the same length.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IKIP37Receiver-onKIP37BatchReceived} and return the
     * acceptance magic amount.
     */
    function _mintBatch(
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {
        require(to != address(0), "KIP37: mint to the zero address");
        require(ids.length == amounts.length, "KIP37: ids and amounts length mismatch");

        address operator = _msgSender();

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts, data);

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
            _balances[ids[i]][to] += amounts[i];
        }

        emit TransferBatch(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts);

        _afterTokenTransfer(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts, data);

        _doSafeBatchTransferAcceptanceCheck(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens of token type `id` from `from`
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have at least `amount` tokens of token type `id`.
     */
    function _burn(
        address from,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual {
        require(from != address(0), "KIP37: burn from the zero address");

        address operator = _msgSender();
        uint256[] memory ids = _asSingletonArray(id);
        uint256[] memory amounts = _asSingletonArray(amount);

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, address(0), ids, amounts, "");

        uint256 fromBalance = _balances[id][from];
        require(fromBalance >= amount, "KIP37: burn amount exceeds balance");
        unchecked {
            _balances[id][from] = fromBalance - amount;
        }

        emit TransferSingle(operator, from, address(0), id, amount);

        _afterTokenTransfer(operator, from, address(0), ids, amounts, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:kip37.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {_burn}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `ids` and `amounts` must have the same length.
     */
    function _burnBatch(
        address from,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts
    ) internal virtual {
        require(from != address(0), "KIP37: burn from the zero address");
        require(ids.length == amounts.length, "KIP37: ids and amounts length mismatch");

        address operator = _msgSender();

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, address(0), ids, amounts, "");

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
            uint256 id = ids[i];
            uint256 amount = amounts[i];

            uint256 fromBalance = _balances[id][from];
            require(fromBalance >= amount, "KIP37: burn amount exceeds balance");
            unchecked {
                _balances[id][from] = fromBalance - amount;
            }
        }

        emit TransferBatch(operator, from, address(0), ids, amounts);

        _afterTokenTransfer(operator, from, address(0), ids, amounts, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Approve `operator` to operate on all of `owner` tokens
     *
     * Emits a {ApprovalForAll} event.
     */
    function _setApprovalForAll(
        address owner,
        address operator,
        bool approved
    ) internal virtual {
        require(owner != operator, "KIP37: setting approval status for self");
        _operatorApprovals[owner][operator] = approved;
        emit ApprovalForAll(owner, operator, approved);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called before any token transfer. This includes minting
     * and burning, as well as batched variants.
     *
     * The same hook is called on both single and batched variants. For single
     * transfers, the length of the `id` and `amount` arrays will be 1.
     *
     * Calling conditions (for each `id` and `amount` pair):
     *
     * - When `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens
     * of token type `id` will be  transferred to `to`.
     * - When `from` is zero, `amount` tokens of token type `id` will be minted
     * for `to`.
     * - when `to` is zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens of token type `id`
     * will be burned.
     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
     * - `ids` and `amounts` have the same, non-zero length.
     *
     * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
     */
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(
        address, /** operator */
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory /** data */
    ) internal virtual {
        // checks to update circulating supply of given token IDs
        if (from == address(0)) {
            for (uint256 i = 0; i < ids.length; ++i) {
                _totalSupply[ids[i]] += amounts[i];
            }
        }

        if (to == address(0)) {
            for (uint256 i = 0; i < ids.length; ++i) {
                uint256 id = ids[i];
                uint256 amount = amounts[i];
                uint256 supply = _totalSupply[id];
                require(supply >= amount, "KIP37: burn amount exceeds totalSupply");
                unchecked {
                    _totalSupply[id] = supply - amount;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called after any token transfer. This includes minting
     * and burning, as well as batched variants.
     *
     * The same hook is called on both single and batched variants. For single
     * transfers, the length of the `id` and `amount` arrays will be 1.
     *
     * Calling conditions (for each `id` and `amount` pair):
     *
     * - When `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens
     * of token type `id` will be  transferred to `to`.
     * - When `from` is zero, `amount` tokens of token type `id` will be minted
     * for `to`.
     * - when `to` is zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens of token type `id`
     * will be burned.
     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
     * - `ids` and `amounts` have the same, non-zero length.
     *
     * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
     */
    function _afterTokenTransfer(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {}

    function _doSafeTransferAcceptanceCheck(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes memory data
    ) private {
        require(
            _checkOnKIP37Received(operator, from, to, id, amount, data) ||
                _checkOnERC1155Received(operator, from, to, id, amount, data),
            "KIP37: transfer to non IKIP37Receiver/IERC1155Receiver implementer"
        );
    }

    function _doSafeBatchTransferAcceptanceCheck(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) private {
        require(
            _checkOnKIP37BatchReceived(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data) ||
                _checkOnERC1155BatchReceived(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data),
            "KIP37: transfer to non IKIP37Receiver/IERC1155Receiver implementer"
        );
    }

    function _asSingletonArray(uint256 element) private pure returns (uint256[] memory) {
        uint256[] memory array = new uint256[](1);
        array[0] = element;

        return array;
    }

    function _checkOnKIP37Received(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes memory data
    ) private returns (bool) {
        if (to.isContract()) {
            try IKIP37Receiver(to).onKIP37Received(operator, from, id, amount, data) returns (bytes4 retval) {
                return retval == IKIP37Receiver.onKIP37Received.selector;
            } catch (bytes memory reason) {
                if (reason.length == 0) {
                    return false;
                } else {
                    assembly {
                        revert(add(32, reason), mload(reason))
                    }
                }
            }
        } else {
            return true;
        }
    }

    function _checkOnKIP37BatchReceived(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) private returns (bool) {
        if (to.isContract()) {
            try IKIP37Receiver(to).onKIP37BatchReceived(operator, from, ids, amounts, data) returns (bytes4 retval) {
                return retval == IKIP37Receiver.onKIP37BatchReceived.selector;
            } catch (bytes memory reason) {
                if (reason.length == 0) {
                    return false;
                } else {
                    assembly {
                        revert(add(32, reason), mload(reason))
                    }
                }
            }
        } else {
            return true;
        }
    }

    function _checkOnERC1155Received(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes memory data
    ) private returns (bool) {
        if (to.isContract()) {
            try IERC1155Receiver(to).onERC1155Received(operator, from, id, amount, data) returns (bytes4 retval) {
                return retval == IERC1155Receiver.onERC1155Received.selector;
            } catch (bytes memory reason) {
                if (reason.length == 0) {
                    return false;
                } else {
                    assembly {
                        revert(add(32, reason), mload(reason))
                    }
                }
            }
        } else {
            return true;
        }
    }

    function _checkOnERC1155BatchReceived(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) private returns (bool) {
        if (to.isContract()) {
            try IERC1155Receiver(to).onERC1155BatchReceived(operator, from, ids, amounts, data) returns (
                bytes4 retval
            ) {
                return retval == IERC1155Receiver.onERC1155BatchReceived.selector;
            } catch (bytes memory reason) {
                if (reason.length == 0) {
                    return false;
                } else {
                    assembly {
                        revert(add(32, reason), mload(reason))
                    }
                }
            }
        } else {
            return true;
        }
    }
}

// File: contracts/KIP/token/KIP37/extensions/KIP37Supply.sol


// Klaytn Contract Library v1.0.0 (KIP/token/KIP37/extensions/KIP37Supply.sol)
// Based on OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.5.0 (token/ERC1155/extensions/ERC1155Supply.sol)
// as per standard KIP37 totalSupply function already implemented at ../KIP31.sol thus here only implemented exists function
// https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/releases/tag/v4.5.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;


/**
 * @dev Extension of KIP37 that adds legacy exists function.
 *
 * Useful for scenarios where Fungible and Non-fungible tokens have to be
 * verified that either it already exists/minted or not.
 */
abstract contract KIP37Supply is KIP37 {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates whether any token exist with a given id, or not.
     */
    function exists(uint256 id) public view virtual returns (bool) {
        return KIP37.totalSupply(id) > 0;
    }
}

// File: contracts/KIP/token/KIP37/extensions/KIP37URIStorage.sol


// Klaytn Contract Library v1.0.0 (KIP/token/KIP37/extensions/KIP37URIStorage.sol)
// Based on OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.5.0 (token/ERC1155/extensions/ERC1155URIStorage.sol)
// https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/releases/tag/v4.5.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;



/**
 * @dev KIP37 token with storage based token URI management.
 * Inspired by the KIP37URIStorage extension
 */
abstract contract KIP37URIStorage is KIP37 {
    using Strings for uint256;

    // Optional base URI
    string internal _baseURI = "";

    // Optional mapping for token URIs
    mapping(uint256 => string) internal _tokenURIs;

    /**
     * @dev See {IKIP37MetadataURI-uri}.
     *
     * This implementation returns the concatenation of the `_baseURI`
     * and the token-specific uri if the latter is set
     *
     * This enables the following behaviors:
     *
     * - if `_tokenURIs[tokenId]` is set, then the result is the concatenation
     *   of `_baseURI` and `_tokenURIs[tokenId]` (keep in mind that `_baseURI`
     *   is empty per default);
     *
     * - if `_tokenURIs[tokenId]` is NOT set then we fallback to `super.uri()`
     *   which in most cases will contain `KIP37._uri`;
     *
     * - if `_tokenURIs[tokenId]` is NOT set, and if the parents do not have a
     *   uri value set, then the result is empty.
     */
    function uri(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        string memory tokenURI = _tokenURIs[tokenId];

        // If token URI is set, concatenate base URI and tokenURI (via abi.encodePacked).
        return bytes(tokenURI).length > 0 ? string(abi.encodePacked(_baseURI, tokenURI)) : super.uri(tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets `tokenURI` as the tokenURI of `tokenId`.
     */
    function _setURI(uint256 tokenId, string memory tokenURI) internal virtual {
        _tokenURIs[tokenId] = tokenURI;
        emit URI(uri(tokenId), tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets `baseURI` as the `_baseURI` for all tokens
     */
    function _setBaseURI(string memory baseURI) internal virtual {
        _baseURI = baseURI;
    }
}

// File: contracts/KIP/token/KIP37/extensions/KIP37Mintable.sol


// Klaytn Contract Library v1.0.0 (KIP/token/KIP37/extensions/KIP37Mintable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;





/**
 * @dev Extension of KIP37 that supports permissioned token type creation and token minting
 * See http://kips.klaytn.com/KIPs/kip-37#minting-extension
 */
abstract contract KIP37Mintable is KIP37, KIP37URIStorage, IKIP37Mintable, AccessControlEnumerable {
    bytes32 public constant MINTER_ROLE = keccak256("KIP37_MINTER_ROLE");

    mapping(uint256 => address) public creators;

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `interfaceId` is implemented and false otherwise
     *
     * See {IKIP13} and {IERC165}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId)
        public
        view
        virtual
        override(KIP37, AccessControlEnumerable)
        returns (bool)
    {
        return
            interfaceId == type(IKIP37Mintable).interfaceId ||
            KIP37.supportsInterface(interfaceId) ||
            AccessControlEnumerable.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IKIP37MetadataURI-uri}.
     *
     * This implementation returns the concatenation of the `_baseURI`
     * and the token-specific uri if the latter is set
     *
     * This enables the following behaviors:
     *
     * - if `_tokenURIs[tokenId]` is set, then the result is the concatenation
     *   of `_baseURI` and `_tokenURIs[tokenId]` (keep in mind that `_baseURI`
     *   is empty per default);
     *
     * - if `_tokenURIs[tokenId]` is NOT set then we fallback to `super.uri()`
     *   which in most cases will contain `KIP37._uri`;
     *
     * - if `_tokenURIs[tokenId]` is NOT set, and if the parents do not have a
     *   uri value set, then the result is empty.
     */
    function uri(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override(KIP37, KIP37URIStorage) returns (string memory) {
        return KIP37URIStorage.uri(tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Creates a new `id` token type and assigns the caller as owner of `initialSupply` while
     * setting a `uri` for this token type
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `id` must not already exist
     * - for this implementation, caller must have the role MINTER_ROLE
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event with 0X0 as the `from` account, for the `intialSupply` tokens
     *
     * If non zero length `uri_` is submitted, emits a {URI} event
     */
    function create(
        uint256 id,
        uint256 initialSupply,
        string memory uri_
    ) public virtual override onlyRole(MINTER_ROLE) returns (bool) {
        require(!_exists(id), "KIP37: token already created");

        creators[id] = _msgSender();

        _mint(_msgSender(), id, initialSupply, "");

        if (bytes(uri_).length > 0) {
            _tokenURIs[id] = uri_;
            emit URI(uri_, id);
        }
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Mints an `amount` of new `id` tokens and assigns `to` as owner
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event with 0X0 as the `from` account, for the `amount` tokens
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `id` must exist
     * - `to` must not be the zero address
     */
    function mint(
        uint256 id,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) public virtual override {
        require(_exists(id), "KIP37: nonexistent token");
        require(hasRole(MINTER_ROLE, _msgSender()), "KIP37: must have minter role to mint");

        _mint(to, id, amount, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev For each item in `toList`, mints an `amount[i]` of new `id` tokens and assigns `toList[i]` as owner
     *
     * Emits multiple {TransferSingle} events with 0X0 as the `from` account, for the `amount` tokens
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `id` must exist
     * - each `toList[i]` must not be the zero address
     * - `toList` and `amounts` must have the same number of elements
     */
    function mint(
        uint256 id,
        address[] memory toList,
        uint256[] memory amounts
    ) public virtual override {
        require(_exists(id), "KIP37: nonexistent token");
        require(hasRole(MINTER_ROLE, _msgSender()), "KIP37: must have minter role to mint");
        require(toList.length == amounts.length, "KIP37: toList and amounts length mismatch");
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < toList.length; ++i) {
            address to = toList[i];
            uint256 amount = amounts[i];
            _mint(to, id, amount, "");
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Mints multiple KIP37 token types `ids` in a batch and assigns the tokens according to the variables `to` and `amounts`.
     *
     *
     * Emits a {TransferBatch} event with 0X0 as the `from` account, for the `amount` tokens
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` must not be the zero address
     * - each`ids[i]` must exist
     * - `ids` and `amounts` must have the same number of elements
     */
    function mintBatch(
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts
    ) public virtual override {
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < ids.length; ++i) {
            require(_exists(ids[i]), "KIP37: nonexistent token");
        }
        require(hasRole(MINTER_ROLE, _msgSender()), "KIP37: must have minter role to mint");
        _mintBatch(to, ids, amounts, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function for checking if an `id` token type has already been created
     */
    function _exists(uint256 id) internal view returns (bool) {
        address creator = creators[id];
        return creator != address(0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Check if `account` has the assigned Minter role via {AccessControl-hasRole}
     */
    function isMinter(address account) public view returns (bool) {
        return hasRole(MINTER_ROLE, account);
    }

    /**
     * Emits a {RoleGranted} event
     */
    function addMinter(address account) public onlyRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
        grantRole(MINTER_ROLE, account);
    }

    /**
     * Emits a {RoleRevoked} event
     */
    function renounceMinter() public {
        renounceRole(MINTER_ROLE, _msgSender());
    }
}

// File: contracts/KIP/token/KIP37/extensions/KIP37Pausable.sol


// Klaytn Contract Library v1.0.0 (KIP/token/KIP37/extensions/KIP37Pausable.sol)
// Based on OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.5.0 (token/ERC1155/extensions/ERC1155Pausable.sol)
// https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/releases/tag/v4.5.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;





/**
 * @dev KIP37 token with contract wide (or token specific) pausable token transfers, minting and burning.
 *
 * Useful for scenarios such as preventing trades until the end of an evaluation
 * period, or having an emergency switch for freezing all token transfers in the
 * event of a large bug.
 */
abstract contract KIP37Pausable is KIP37, AccessControlEnumerable, Pausable, IKIP37Pausable {
    bytes32 public constant PAUSER_ROLE = keccak256("KIP37_PAUSER_ROLE");

    mapping(uint256 => bool) private _tokenPaused;

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a token type is paused
     */
    event TokenPaused(address account, uint256 id);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a token type is unpaused
     */
    event TokenUnpaused(address account, uint256 id);

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `interfaceId` is implemented and false otherwise
     *
     * See {IKIP13} and {IERC165}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId)
        public
        view
        virtual
        override(KIP37, AccessControlEnumerable)
        returns (bool)
    {
        return
            interfaceId == type(IKIP37Pausable).interfaceId ||
            KIP37.supportsInterface(interfaceId) ||
            AccessControlEnumerable.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IKIP37Pausable-pause}
     *
     * Emits a {Paused} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - caller must have the {PAUSER_ROLE}
     */
    function pause() public virtual override onlyRole(PAUSER_ROLE) {
        _pause();
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IKIP37Pausable-unpause}
     *
     * Emits a {Unpaused} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - caller must have the {PAUSER_ROLE}
     */
    function unpause() public virtual override onlyRole(PAUSER_ROLE) {
        _unpause();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the contract is paused, false otherwise
     */
    function paused() public view override(IKIP37Pausable, Pausable) returns (bool) {
        return Pausable.paused();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the token type `id` is paused, false otherwise
     */
    function paused(uint256 id) public view override returns (bool) {
        return _tokenPaused[id];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IKIP37Pausable-pause(uint256 id)}
     *
     * Emits a {TokenPaused} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `id` must not be already paused
     * - caller must have the {PAUSER_ROLE}
     */
    function pause(uint256 id) public virtual override onlyRole(PAUSER_ROLE) {
        require(_tokenPaused[id] == false, "KIP37Pausable: token already paused");
        _tokenPaused[id] = true;
        emit TokenPaused(_msgSender(), id);
    }

    function unpause(uint256 id) public virtual override onlyRole(PAUSER_ROLE) {
        require(_tokenPaused[id] == true, "KIP37Pausable: token already unpaused");
        _tokenPaused[id] = false;
        emit TokenUnpaused(_msgSender(), id);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Check if `account` has the assigned Pauser role via {AccessControl-hasRole}
     */
    function isPauser(address _account) public view returns (bool) {
        return hasRole(PAUSER_ROLE, _account);
    }

    /**
     * Emits a {RoleGranted} event
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - caller must have the {AccessControl-DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE}
     */
    function addPauser(address _account) public onlyRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
        grantRole(PAUSER_ROLE, _account);
    }

    /**
     * Emits a {RoleRevoked} event
     */
    function renouncePauser() public {
        renounceRole(PAUSER_ROLE, msg.sender);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {KIP37-_beforeTokenTransfer}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the contract must not be paused.
     */
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual override {
        super._beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < ids.length; ++i) {
            uint256 id = ids[i];
            require(!paused(id), "KIP37Pausable: token transfer while paused");
        }
        require(!paused(), "KIP37Pausable: token transfer while paused");
    }
}

// File: contracts/KIP/token/KIP37/extensions/KIP37Burnable.sol


// Klaytn Contract Library v1.0.0 (KIP/token/KIP37/extensions/KIP37Burnable.sol)
// Based on OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.5.0 (token/ERC1155/extensions/ERC1155Burnable.sol)
// https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/releases/tag/v4.5.0

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;



/**
 * @dev Extension of {KIP37} that allows token holders to destroy both their
 * own tokens and those that they have been approved to use.
 */
abstract contract KIP37Burnable is KIP37, IKIP37Burnable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `interfaceId` is implemented and false otherwise
     *
     * See {IKIP13}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IKIP37Burnable).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens of token type `id` from `from`
     * See {KIP37-_burn}
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have at least `amount` tokens of token type `id`.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event with the 0x0 address as `to`.
     */
    function burn(
        address account,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount
    ) public virtual override {
        require(
            account == _msgSender() || isApprovedForAll(account, _msgSender()),
            "KIP37: caller is not owner nor approved"
        );

        _burn(account, id, amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys each amount `amounts[i]` tokens of each token type `ids[i]` from `from`
     * See {KIP37-_burnBatch}
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have at least `amounts[i]` tokens of token type `ids[i]`.
     * - `ids` and `amounts` must have the same length.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferBatch} event with the 0x0 address as `to`.
     */
    function burnBatch(
        address account,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts
    ) public virtual override {
        require(
            account == _msgSender() || isApprovedForAll(account, _msgSender()),
            "KIP37: caller is not owner nor approved"
        );

        _burnBatch(account, ids, amounts);
    }
}

// File: contracts/KIP/token/KIP37/KIP37Token.sol


pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

contract KIP37Token is KIP37, KIP37Burnable, KIP37Mintable, KIP37Pausable, KIP37Supply, Ownable {
    constructor(string memory uri_) KIP37(uri_) {
        _setupRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, _msgSender());
        _setupRole(MINTER_ROLE, _msgSender());
        _setupRole(PAUSER_ROLE, _msgSender());
    }

    function uri(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override(KIP37, KIP37Mintable) returns (string memory) {
        return KIP37Mintable.uri(tokenId);
    }

    function _beforeTokenTransfer(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
        )
        internal
        override(KIP37, KIP37Pausable) {
            super._beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);
    }

    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId)
        public
        view
        override(KIP37, KIP37Burnable, KIP37Mintable, KIP37Pausable)
        returns (bool) {
        return
            KIP37Burnable.supportsInterface(interfaceId) ||
            KIP37Mintable.supportsInterface(interfaceId) ||
            KIP37Pausable.supportsInterface(interfaceId) ||
            KIP37.supportsInterface(interfaceId) ;
    }
}