/******************************************************************************
 *
 * Project:  SDTS Translator
 * Purpose:  Implementation of SDTSPolygonReader and SDTSRawPolygon classes.
 * Author:   Frank Warmerdam, warmerdam@pobox.com
 *
 ******************************************************************************
 * Copyright (c) 1999, Frank Warmerdam
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 ****************************************************************************/

#include "sdts_al.h"

#include <cmath>

/************************************************************************/
/* ==================================================================== */
/*                            SDTSRawPolygon                            */
/*                                                                      */
/*      This is a simple class for holding the data related with a      */
/*      polygon feature.                                                */
/* ==================================================================== */
/************************************************************************/

/************************************************************************/
/*                           SDTSRawPolygon()                           */
/************************************************************************/

SDTSRawPolygon::SDTSRawPolygon()
    : nEdges(0), papoEdges(nullptr), nRings(0), nVertices(0),
      panRingStart(nullptr), padfX(nullptr), padfY(nullptr), padfZ(nullptr)
{
    nAttributes = 0;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                          ~SDTSRawPolygon()                           */
/************************************************************************/

SDTSRawPolygon::~SDTSRawPolygon()

{
    CPLFree(papoEdges);
    CPLFree(panRingStart);
    CPLFree(padfX);
    CPLFree(padfY);
    CPLFree(padfZ);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                                Read()                                */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Read a record from the passed SDTSPolygonReader, and assign the */
/*      values from that record to this object.  This is the bulk of    */
/*      the work in this whole file.                                    */
/************************************************************************/

int SDTSRawPolygon::Read(DDFRecord *poRecord)

{
    /* ==================================================================== */
    /*      Loop over fields in this record, looking for those we           */
    /*      recognise, and need.                                            */
    /* ==================================================================== */
    for (int iField = 0; iField < poRecord->GetFieldCount(); iField++)
    {
        DDFField *poField = poRecord->GetField(iField);
        if (poField == nullptr)
            return FALSE;
        DDFFieldDefn *poFieldDefn = poField->GetFieldDefn();
        if (poFieldDefn == nullptr)
            return FALSE;

        const char *pszFieldName = poFieldDefn->GetName();

        if (EQUAL(pszFieldName, "POLY"))
        {
            oModId.Set(poField);
        }

        else if (EQUAL(pszFieldName, "ATID"))
        {
            ApplyATID(poField);
        }
    }

    return TRUE;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                              AddEdge()                               */
/************************************************************************/

void SDTSRawPolygon::AddEdge(SDTSRawLine *poNewLine)

{
    nEdges++;

    papoEdges = reinterpret_cast<SDTSRawLine **>(
        CPLRealloc(papoEdges, sizeof(void *) * nEdges));
    papoEdges[nEdges - 1] = poNewLine;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           AddEdgeToRing()                            */
/************************************************************************/

void SDTSRawPolygon::AddEdgeToRing(int nVertToAdd, double *padfXToAdd,
                                   double *padfYToAdd, double *padfZToAdd,
                                   int bReverse, int bDropVertex)

{
    int iStart = 0;
    int iEnd = nVertToAdd - 1;
    int iStep = 1;

    if (bDropVertex && bReverse)
    {
        iStart = nVertToAdd - 2;
        iEnd = 0;
        iStep = -1;
    }
    else if (bDropVertex && !bReverse)
    {
        iStart = 1;
        iEnd = nVertToAdd - 1;
        iStep = 1;
    }
    else if (!bDropVertex && !bReverse)
    {
        iStart = 0;
        iEnd = nVertToAdd - 1;
        iStep = 1;
    }
    else if (!bDropVertex && bReverse)
    {
        iStart = nVertToAdd - 1;
        iEnd = 0;
        iStep = -1;
    }

    for (int i = iStart; i != (iEnd + iStep); i += iStep)
    {
        padfX[nVertices] = padfXToAdd[i];
        padfY[nVertices] = padfYToAdd[i];
        padfZ[nVertices] = padfZToAdd[i];

        nVertices++;
    }
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           AssembleRings()                            */
/************************************************************************/

/**
 * Form border lines (arcs) into outer and inner rings.
 *
 * See SDTSPolygonReader::AssemblePolygons() for a simple one step process
 * to assembling geometry for all polygons in a transfer.
 *
 * This method will assemble the lines attached to a polygon into
 * an outer ring, and zero or more inner rings.  Before calling it is
 * necessary that all the lines associated with this polygon have already
 * been attached.  Normally this is accomplished by calling
 * SDTSLineReader::AttachToPolygons() on all line layers that might
 * contain edges related to this layer.
 *
 * This method then forms the lines into rings.  Rings are formed by:
 * <ol>
 * <li> Take a previously unconsumed line, and start a ring with it.  Mark
 *      it as consumed, and keep track of its start and end node ids as
 *      being the start and end node ids of the ring.
 * <li> If the rings start id is the same as the end node id then this ring
 *      is completely formed, return to step 1.
 * <li> Search all unconsumed lines for a line with the same start or end
 *      node id as the rings current node id.  If none are found then the
 *      assembly has failed.  Return to step 1 but report failure on
 *      completion.
 * <li> Once found, add the line to the current ring, dropping the duplicated
 *      vertex and reverse order if necessary.  Mark the line as consumed,
 *      and update the rings end node id accordingly.
 * <li> go to step 2.
 * </ol>
 *
 * Once ring assembly from lines is complete, another pass is made to
 * order the rings such that the exterior ring is first, the first ring
 * has counter-clockwise vertex ordering and the inner rings have clockwise
 * vertex ordering.  This is accomplished based on the assumption that the
 * outer ring has the largest area, and using the +/- sign of area to establish
 * direction of rings.
 *
 * @return TRUE if all rings assembled without problems or FALSE if a problem
 * occurred.  If a problem occurs rings are still formed from all lines, but
 * some of the rings will not be closed, and rings will have no particular
 * order or direction.
 */

int SDTSRawPolygon::AssembleRings()

{
    if (nRings > 0)
        return TRUE;

    if (nEdges == 0)
        return FALSE;

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Setup array of line markers indicating if they have been        */
    /*      added to a ring yet.                                            */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    int nRemainingEdges = nEdges;

    int *panEdgeConsumed =
        reinterpret_cast<int *>(CPLCalloc(sizeof(int), nEdges));

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Allocate ring arrays.                                           */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    panRingStart = reinterpret_cast<int *>(CPLMalloc(sizeof(int) * nEdges));

    nVertices = 0;
    for (int iEdge = 0; iEdge < nEdges; iEdge++)
    {
        if (papoEdges[iEdge]->nVertices < 2)
        {
            panEdgeConsumed[iEdge] = TRUE;
            nRemainingEdges--;
        }
        else
        {
            nVertices += papoEdges[iEdge]->nVertices;
        }
    }

    padfX = reinterpret_cast<double *>(CPLMalloc(sizeof(double) * nVertices));
    padfY = reinterpret_cast<double *>(CPLMalloc(sizeof(double) * nVertices));
    padfZ = reinterpret_cast<double *>(CPLMalloc(sizeof(double) * nVertices));

    nVertices = 0;

    /* ==================================================================== */
    /*      Loop generating rings.                                          */
    /* ==================================================================== */
    bool bSuccess = true;

    while (nRemainingEdges > 0)
    {
        /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
         */
        /*      Find the first unconsumed edge. */
        /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
         */
        int iEdge = 0;
        for (; panEdgeConsumed[iEdge]; iEdge++)
        {
        }

        SDTSRawLine *poEdge = papoEdges[iEdge];

        /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
         */
        /*      Start a new ring, copying in the current line directly */
        /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
         */
        panRingStart[nRings++] = nVertices;

        AddEdgeToRing(poEdge->nVertices, poEdge->padfX, poEdge->padfY,
                      poEdge->padfZ, FALSE, FALSE);

        panEdgeConsumed[iEdge] = TRUE;
        nRemainingEdges--;

        const int nStartNode = poEdge->oStartNode.nRecord;
        int nLinkNode = poEdge->oEndNode.nRecord;

        /* ====================================================================
         */
        /*      Loop adding edges to this ring until we make a whole pass */
        /*      within finding anything to add. */
        /* ====================================================================
         */
        bool bWorkDone = true;

        while (nLinkNode != nStartNode && nRemainingEdges > 0 && bWorkDone)
        {
            bWorkDone = false;

            for (iEdge = 0; iEdge < nEdges; iEdge++)
            {
                if (panEdgeConsumed[iEdge])
                    continue;

                poEdge = papoEdges[iEdge];
                if (poEdge->oStartNode.nRecord == nLinkNode)
                {
                    AddEdgeToRing(poEdge->nVertices, poEdge->padfX,
                                  poEdge->padfY, poEdge->padfZ, FALSE, TRUE);
                    nLinkNode = poEdge->oEndNode.nRecord;
                }
                else if (poEdge->oEndNode.nRecord == nLinkNode)
                {
                    AddEdgeToRing(poEdge->nVertices, poEdge->padfX,
                                  poEdge->padfY, poEdge->padfZ, TRUE, TRUE);
                    nLinkNode = poEdge->oStartNode.nRecord;
                }
                else
                {
                    continue;
                }

                panEdgeConsumed[iEdge] = TRUE;
                nRemainingEdges--;
                bWorkDone = true;
            }
        }

        /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
         */
        /*      Did we fail to complete the ring? */
        /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
         */
        if (nLinkNode != nStartNode)
            bSuccess = false;
    } /* next ring */

    CPLFree(panEdgeConsumed);

    if (!bSuccess)
        return bSuccess;

    /* ==================================================================== */
    /*      Compute the area of each ring.  The sign will be positive       */
    /*      for counter clockwise rings, otherwise negative.                */
    /*                                                                      */
    /*      The algorithm used in this function was taken from _Graphics    */
    /*      Gems II_, James Arvo, 1991, Academic Press, Inc., section 1.1,  */
    /*      "The Area of a Simple Polygon", Jon Rokne, pp. 5-6.             */
    /* ==================================================================== */
    double dfMaxArea = 0.0;
    int iBiggestRing = -1;

    double *padfRingArea =
        reinterpret_cast<double *>(CPLCalloc(sizeof(double), nRings));

    for (int iRing = 0; iRing < nRings; iRing++)
    {
        int nRingVertices;
        if (iRing == nRings - 1)
            nRingVertices = nVertices - panRingStart[iRing];
        else
            nRingVertices = panRingStart[iRing + 1] - panRingStart[iRing];

        double dfSum1 = 0.0;
        double dfSum2 = 0.0;
        for (int i = panRingStart[iRing];
             i < panRingStart[iRing] + nRingVertices - 1; i++)
        {
            dfSum1 += padfX[i] * padfY[i + 1];
            dfSum2 += padfY[i] * padfX[i + 1];
        }

        padfRingArea[iRing] = (dfSum1 - dfSum2) / 2;

        if (std::abs(padfRingArea[iRing]) > dfMaxArea)
        {
            dfMaxArea = std::abs(padfRingArea[iRing]);
            iBiggestRing = iRing;
        }
    }

    if (iBiggestRing < 0)
    {
        CPLFree(padfRingArea);
        return FALSE;
    }

    /* ==================================================================== */
    /*      Make a new set of vertices, and copy the largest ring into      */
    /*      it, adjusting the direction if necessary to ensure that this    */
    /*      outer ring is counter clockwise.                                */
    /* ==================================================================== */
    double *padfXRaw = padfX;
    double *padfYRaw = padfY;
    double *padfZRaw = padfZ;
    int *panRawRingStart = panRingStart;
    int nRawVertices = nVertices;
    int nRawRings = nRings;

    padfX = reinterpret_cast<double *>(CPLMalloc(sizeof(double) * nVertices));
    padfY = reinterpret_cast<double *>(CPLMalloc(sizeof(double) * nVertices));
    padfZ = reinterpret_cast<double *>(CPLMalloc(sizeof(double) * nVertices));
    panRingStart = reinterpret_cast<int *>(CPLMalloc(sizeof(int) * nRawRings));
    nVertices = 0;
    nRings = 0;

    int nRingVertices;
    if (iBiggestRing == nRawRings - 1)
        nRingVertices = nRawVertices - panRawRingStart[iBiggestRing];
    else
        nRingVertices =
            panRawRingStart[iBiggestRing + 1] - panRawRingStart[iBiggestRing];

    panRingStart[nRings++] = 0;
    AddEdgeToRing(nRingVertices, padfXRaw + panRawRingStart[iBiggestRing],
                  padfYRaw + panRawRingStart[iBiggestRing],
                  padfZRaw + panRawRingStart[iBiggestRing],
                  padfRingArea[iBiggestRing] < 0.0, FALSE);

    /* ==================================================================== */
    /*      Add the rest of the rings, which must be holes, in clockwise    */
    /*      order.                                                          */
    /* ==================================================================== */
    for (int iRing = 0; iRing < nRawRings; iRing++)
    {
        if (iRing == iBiggestRing)
            continue;

        if (iRing == nRawRings - 1)
            nRingVertices = nRawVertices - panRawRingStart[iRing];
        else
            nRingVertices = panRawRingStart[iRing + 1] - panRawRingStart[iRing];

        panRingStart[nRings++] = nVertices;
        AddEdgeToRing(nRingVertices, padfXRaw + panRawRingStart[iRing],
                      padfYRaw + panRawRingStart[iRing],
                      padfZRaw + panRawRingStart[iRing],
                      padfRingArea[iRing] > 0.0, FALSE);
    }

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Cleanup                                                         */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    CPLFree(padfXRaw);
    CPLFree(padfYRaw);
    CPLFree(padfZRaw);
    CPLFree(padfRingArea);
    CPLFree(panRawRingStart);

    CPLFree(papoEdges);
    papoEdges = nullptr;
    nEdges = 0;

    return TRUE;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                                Dump()                                */
/************************************************************************/

void SDTSRawPolygon::Dump(FILE *fp)

{
    fprintf(fp, "SDTSRawPolygon %s: ", oModId.GetName());

    for (int i = 0; i < nAttributes; i++)
        fprintf(fp, "  ATID[%d]=%s", i, paoATID[i].GetName());

    fprintf(fp, "\n");
}

/************************************************************************/
/* ==================================================================== */
/*                             SDTSPolygonReader                        */
/*                                                                      */
/*      This is the class used to read a Polygon module.                */
/* ==================================================================== */
/************************************************************************/

/************************************************************************/
/*                           SDTSPolygonReader()                          */
/************************************************************************/

SDTSPolygonReader::SDTSPolygonReader() : bRingsAssembled(FALSE)
{
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                             ~SDTSPolygonReader()                     */
/************************************************************************/

SDTSPolygonReader::~SDTSPolygonReader()
{
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                               Close()                                */
/************************************************************************/

void SDTSPolygonReader::Close()

{
    oDDFModule.Close();
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                                Open()                                */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Open the requested line file, and prepare to start reading      */
/*      data records.                                                   */
/************************************************************************/

int SDTSPolygonReader::Open(const char *pszFilename)

{
    return oDDFModule.Open(pszFilename);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            GetNextPolygon()                          */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Fetch the next feature as an STDSRawPolygon.                    */
/************************************************************************/

SDTSRawPolygon *SDTSPolygonReader::GetNextPolygon()

{
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Read a record.                                                  */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    if (oDDFModule.GetFP() == nullptr)
        return nullptr;

    DDFRecord *poRecord = oDDFModule.ReadRecord();

    if (poRecord == nullptr)
        return nullptr;

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Transform into a Polygon feature.                                 */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    SDTSRawPolygon *poRawPolygon = new SDTSRawPolygon();

    if (poRawPolygon->Read(poRecord))
    {
        return poRawPolygon;
    }

    delete poRawPolygon;
    return nullptr;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           AssembleRings()                            */
/************************************************************************/

/**
 * Assemble geometry for a polygon transfer.
 *
 * This method takes care of attaching lines from all the line layers in
 * this transfer to this polygon layer, assembling the lines into rings on
 * the polygons, and then cleaning up unnecessary intermediate results.
 *
 * Currently this method will leave the line layers rewound to the beginning
 * but indexed, and the polygon layer rewound but indexed.  In the future
 * it may restore reading positions, and possibly flush line indexes if they
 * were not previously indexed.
 *
 * This method does nothing if the rings have already been assembled on
 * this layer using this method.
 *
 * See SDTSRawPolygon::AssembleRings() for more information on how the lines
 * are assembled into rings.
 *
 * @param poTransfer the SDTSTransfer that this reader is a part of.  Used
 * to get a list of line layers that might be needed.
 * @param iPolyLayer the polygon reader instance number, used to avoid
 * processing lines for other layers.
 */

void SDTSPolygonReader::AssembleRings(SDTSTransfer *poTransfer, int iPolyLayer)

{
    if (bRingsAssembled)
        return;

    bRingsAssembled = TRUE;

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      To write polygons we need to build them from their related      */
    /*      arcs.  We don't know off hand which arc (line) layers           */
    /*      contribute so we process all line layers, attaching them to     */
    /*      polygons as appropriate.                                        */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    for (int iLineLayer = 0; iLineLayer < poTransfer->GetLayerCount();
         iLineLayer++)
    {
        if (poTransfer->GetLayerType(iLineLayer) != SLTLine)
            continue;

        SDTSLineReader *poLineReader = reinterpret_cast<SDTSLineReader *>(
            poTransfer->GetLayerIndexedReader(iLineLayer));
        if (poLineReader == nullptr)
            continue;

        poLineReader->AttachToPolygons(poTransfer, iPolyLayer);
        poLineReader->Rewind();
    }

    if (!IsIndexed())
        return;

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Scan all polygons indexed on this reader, and assemble their    */
    /*      rings.                                                          */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    Rewind();

    SDTSFeature *poFeature = nullptr;
    while ((poFeature = GetNextFeature()) != nullptr)
    {
        SDTSRawPolygon *poPoly = reinterpret_cast<SDTSRawPolygon *>(poFeature);

        poPoly->AssembleRings();
    }

    Rewind();
}