/******************************************************************************
 *
 * Project:  PCI .aux Driver
 * Purpose:  Implementation of PAuxDataset
 * Author:   Frank Warmerdam, warmerdam@pobox.com
 *
 ******************************************************************************
 * Copyright (c) 1999, Frank Warmerdam
 * Copyright (c) 2008-2010, Even Rouault <even dot rouault at spatialys.com>
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 ****************************************************************************/

#include "cpl_string.h"
#include "gdal_frmts.h"
#include "gdal_priv.h"
#include "ogr_spatialref.h"
#include "rawdataset.h"

#include <cmath>

/************************************************************************/
/* ==================================================================== */
/*                              PAuxDataset                             */
/* ==================================================================== */
/************************************************************************/

class PAuxRasterBand;

class PAuxDataset final : public RawDataset
{
    friend class PAuxRasterBand;

    VSILFILE *fpImage;  // Image data file.

    int nGCPCount;
    GDAL_GCP *pasGCPList;
    OGRSpatialReference m_oGCPSRS{};

    void ScanForGCPs();
    static OGRSpatialReference PCI2SRS(const char *pszGeosys,
                                       const char *pszProjParams);

    OGRSpatialReference m_oSRS{};

    CPL_DISALLOW_COPY_ASSIGN(PAuxDataset)

    CPLErr Close() override;

  public:
    PAuxDataset();
    ~PAuxDataset() override;

    // TODO(schwehr): Why are these public?
    char *pszAuxFilename;
    char **papszAuxLines;

    const OGRSpatialReference *GetSpatialRef() const override
    {
        return m_oSRS.IsEmpty() ? nullptr : &m_oSRS;
    }

    CPLErr GetGeoTransform(GDALGeoTransform &gt) const override;

    int GetGCPCount() override;

    const OGRSpatialReference *GetGCPSpatialRef() const override
    {
        return m_oGCPSRS.IsEmpty() ? nullptr : &m_oGCPSRS;
    }

    const GDAL_GCP *GetGCPs() override;

    char **GetFileList() override;

    static GDALDataset *Open(GDALOpenInfo *);
};

/************************************************************************/
/* ==================================================================== */
/*                           PAuxRasterBand                             */
/* ==================================================================== */
/************************************************************************/

class PAuxRasterBand final : public RawRasterBand
{
    CPL_DISALLOW_COPY_ASSIGN(PAuxRasterBand)

  public:
    PAuxRasterBand(GDALDataset *poDS, int nBand, VSILFILE *fpRaw,
                   vsi_l_offset nImgOffset, int nPixelOffset, int nLineOffset,
                   GDALDataType eDataType, int bNativeOrder);

    ~PAuxRasterBand() override;

    double GetNoDataValue(int *pbSuccess = nullptr) override;

    GDALColorTable *GetColorTable() override;
    GDALColorInterp GetColorInterpretation() override;
};

/************************************************************************/
/*                           PAuxRasterBand()                           */
/************************************************************************/

PAuxRasterBand::PAuxRasterBand(GDALDataset *poDSIn, int nBandIn,
                               VSILFILE *fpRawIn, vsi_l_offset nImgOffsetIn,
                               int nPixelOffsetIn, int nLineOffsetIn,
                               GDALDataType eDataTypeIn, int bNativeOrderIn)
    : RawRasterBand(poDSIn, nBandIn, fpRawIn, nImgOffsetIn, nPixelOffsetIn,
                    nLineOffsetIn, eDataTypeIn, bNativeOrderIn,
                    RawRasterBand::OwnFP::NO)
{
    PAuxDataset *poPDS = cpl::down_cast<PAuxDataset *>(poDS);

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Does this channel have a description?                           */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    char szTarget[128] = {'\0'};

    snprintf(szTarget, sizeof(szTarget), "ChanDesc-%d", nBand);
    if (CSLFetchNameValue(poPDS->papszAuxLines, szTarget) != nullptr)
        GDALRasterBand::SetDescription(
            CSLFetchNameValue(poPDS->papszAuxLines, szTarget));

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      See if we have colors.  Currently we must have color zero,      */
    /*      but this should not really be a limitation.                     */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    snprintf(szTarget, sizeof(szTarget), "METADATA_IMG_%d_Class_%d_Color",
             nBand, 0);
    if (CSLFetchNameValue(poPDS->papszAuxLines, szTarget) != nullptr)
    {
        poCT = new GDALColorTable();

        for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
        {
            snprintf(szTarget, sizeof(szTarget),
                     "METADATA_IMG_%d_Class_%d_Color", nBand, i);
            const char *pszLine =
                CSLFetchNameValue(poPDS->papszAuxLines, szTarget);
            while (pszLine && *pszLine == ' ')
                pszLine++;

            int nRed = 0;
            int nGreen = 0;
            int nBlue = 0;
            // TODO(schwehr): Replace sscanf with something safe.
            if (pszLine != nullptr && STARTS_WITH_CI(pszLine, "(RGB:") &&
                sscanf(pszLine + 5, "%d %d %d", &nRed, &nGreen, &nBlue) == 3)
            {
                GDALColorEntry oColor = {static_cast<short>(nRed),
                                         static_cast<short>(nGreen),
                                         static_cast<short>(nBlue), 255};

                poCT->SetColorEntry(i, &oColor);
            }
        }
    }
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                          ~PAuxRasterBand()                           */
/************************************************************************/

PAuxRasterBand::~PAuxRasterBand()

{
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           GetNoDataValue()                           */
/************************************************************************/

double PAuxRasterBand::GetNoDataValue(int *pbSuccess)

{
    char szTarget[128] = {'\0'};
    snprintf(szTarget, sizeof(szTarget), "METADATA_IMG_%d_NO_DATA_VALUE",
             nBand);

    PAuxDataset *poPDS = cpl::down_cast<PAuxDataset *>(poDS);
    const char *pszLine = CSLFetchNameValue(poPDS->papszAuxLines, szTarget);

    if (pbSuccess != nullptr)
        *pbSuccess = (pszLine != nullptr);

    if (pszLine == nullptr)
        return -1.0e8;

    return CPLAtof(pszLine);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           GetColorTable()                            */
/************************************************************************/

GDALColorTable *PAuxRasterBand::GetColorTable()

{
    return poCT;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                       GetColorInterpretation()                       */
/************************************************************************/

GDALColorInterp PAuxRasterBand::GetColorInterpretation()

{
    if (poCT == nullptr)
        return GCI_Undefined;

    return GCI_PaletteIndex;
}

/************************************************************************/
/* ==================================================================== */
/*                              PAuxDataset                             */
/* ==================================================================== */
/************************************************************************/

/************************************************************************/
/*                            PAuxDataset()                             */
/************************************************************************/

PAuxDataset::PAuxDataset()
    : fpImage(nullptr), nGCPCount(0), pasGCPList(nullptr),
      pszAuxFilename(nullptr), papszAuxLines(nullptr)
{
    m_oSRS.SetAxisMappingStrategy(OAMS_TRADITIONAL_GIS_ORDER);
    m_oGCPSRS.SetAxisMappingStrategy(OAMS_TRADITIONAL_GIS_ORDER);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            ~PAuxDataset()                            */
/************************************************************************/

PAuxDataset::~PAuxDataset()

{
    PAuxDataset::Close();
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                              Close()                                 */
/************************************************************************/

CPLErr PAuxDataset::Close()
{
    CPLErr eErr = CE_None;
    if (nOpenFlags != OPEN_FLAGS_CLOSED)
    {
        if (PAuxDataset::FlushCache(true) != CE_None)
            eErr = CE_Failure;

        if (fpImage != nullptr)
        {
            if (VSIFCloseL(fpImage) != 0)
            {
                CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_FileIO, "I/O error");
                eErr = CE_Failure;
            }
        }

        GDALDeinitGCPs(nGCPCount, pasGCPList);
        CPLFree(pasGCPList);

        CPLFree(pszAuxFilename);
        CSLDestroy(papszAuxLines);

        if (GDALPamDataset::Close() != CE_None)
            eErr = CE_Failure;
    }
    return eErr;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            GetFileList()                             */
/************************************************************************/

char **PAuxDataset::GetFileList()

{
    char **papszFileList = RawDataset::GetFileList();
    papszFileList = CSLAddString(papszFileList, pszAuxFilename);
    return papszFileList;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                              PCI2SRS()                               */
/*                                                                      */
/*      Convert PCI coordinate system to WKT.  For now this is very     */
/*      incomplete, but can be filled out in the future.                */
/************************************************************************/

OGRSpatialReference PAuxDataset::PCI2SRS(const char *pszGeosys,
                                         const char *pszProjParams)

{
    while (*pszGeosys == ' ')
        pszGeosys++;

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Parse projection parameters array.                              */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    double adfProjParams[16] = {0.0};

    if (pszProjParams != nullptr)
    {
        char **papszTokens = CSLTokenizeString(pszProjParams);

        for (int i = 0;
             i < 16 && papszTokens != nullptr && papszTokens[i] != nullptr; i++)
            adfProjParams[i] = CPLAtof(papszTokens[i]);

        CSLDestroy(papszTokens);
    }

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Convert to SRS.                                                 */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    OGRSpatialReference oSRS;
    oSRS.SetAxisMappingStrategy(OAMS_TRADITIONAL_GIS_ORDER);
    if (oSRS.importFromPCI(pszGeosys, nullptr, adfProjParams) != OGRERR_NONE)
    {
        oSRS.Clear();
    }

    return oSRS;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            ScanForGCPs()                             */
/************************************************************************/

void PAuxDataset::ScanForGCPs()

{
    const int MAX_GCP = 256;

    nGCPCount = 0;
    CPLAssert(pasGCPList == nullptr);
    pasGCPList = static_cast<GDAL_GCP *>(CPLCalloc(sizeof(GDAL_GCP), MAX_GCP));

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Get the GCP coordinate system.                                  */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    const char *pszMapUnits =
        CSLFetchNameValue(papszAuxLines, "GCP_1_MapUnits");
    const char *pszProjParams =
        CSLFetchNameValue(papszAuxLines, "GCP_1_ProjParms");

    if (pszMapUnits != nullptr)
        m_oGCPSRS = PCI2SRS(pszMapUnits, pszProjParams);

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Collect standalone GCPs.  They look like:                       */
    /*                                                                      */
    /*      GCP_1_n = row, col, x, y [,z [,"id"[, "desc"]]]                 */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    for (int i = 0; nGCPCount < MAX_GCP; i++)
    {
        char szName[50] = {'\0'};
        snprintf(szName, sizeof(szName), "GCP_1_%d", i + 1);
        if (CSLFetchNameValue(papszAuxLines, szName) == nullptr)
            break;

        char **papszTokens = CSLTokenizeStringComplex(
            CSLFetchNameValue(papszAuxLines, szName), " ", TRUE, FALSE);

        if (CSLCount(papszTokens) >= 4)
        {
            GDALInitGCPs(1, pasGCPList + nGCPCount);

            pasGCPList[nGCPCount].dfGCPX = CPLAtof(papszTokens[2]);
            pasGCPList[nGCPCount].dfGCPY = CPLAtof(papszTokens[3]);
            pasGCPList[nGCPCount].dfGCPPixel = CPLAtof(papszTokens[0]);
            pasGCPList[nGCPCount].dfGCPLine = CPLAtof(papszTokens[1]);

            if (CSLCount(papszTokens) > 4)
                pasGCPList[nGCPCount].dfGCPZ = CPLAtof(papszTokens[4]);

            CPLFree(pasGCPList[nGCPCount].pszId);
            if (CSLCount(papszTokens) > 5)
            {
                pasGCPList[nGCPCount].pszId = CPLStrdup(papszTokens[5]);
            }
            else
            {
                snprintf(szName, sizeof(szName), "GCP_%d", i + 1);
                pasGCPList[nGCPCount].pszId = CPLStrdup(szName);
            }

            if (CSLCount(papszTokens) > 6)
            {
                CPLFree(pasGCPList[nGCPCount].pszInfo);
                pasGCPList[nGCPCount].pszInfo = CPLStrdup(papszTokens[6]);
            }

            nGCPCount++;
        }

        CSLDestroy(papszTokens);
    }
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            GetGCPCount()                             */
/************************************************************************/

int PAuxDataset::GetGCPCount()

{
    return nGCPCount;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                               GetGCP()                               */
/************************************************************************/

const GDAL_GCP *PAuxDataset::GetGCPs()

{
    return pasGCPList;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                          GetGeoTransform()                           */
/************************************************************************/

CPLErr PAuxDataset::GetGeoTransform(GDALGeoTransform &gt) const

{
    if (CSLFetchNameValue(papszAuxLines, "UpLeftX") == nullptr ||
        CSLFetchNameValue(papszAuxLines, "UpLeftY") == nullptr ||
        CSLFetchNameValue(papszAuxLines, "LoRightX") == nullptr ||
        CSLFetchNameValue(papszAuxLines, "LoRightY") == nullptr)
    {
        gt = GDALGeoTransform();
        return CE_Failure;
    }

    const double dfUpLeftX =
        CPLAtof(CSLFetchNameValue(papszAuxLines, "UpLeftX"));
    const double dfUpLeftY =
        CPLAtof(CSLFetchNameValue(papszAuxLines, "UpLeftY"));
    const double dfLoRightX =
        CPLAtof(CSLFetchNameValue(papszAuxLines, "LoRightX"));
    const double dfLoRightY =
        CPLAtof(CSLFetchNameValue(papszAuxLines, "LoRightY"));

    gt[0] = dfUpLeftX;
    gt[1] = (dfLoRightX - dfUpLeftX) / GetRasterXSize();
    gt[2] = 0.0;
    gt[3] = dfUpLeftY;
    gt[4] = 0.0;
    gt[5] = (dfLoRightY - dfUpLeftY) / GetRasterYSize();

    return CE_None;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                                Open()                                */
/************************************************************************/

GDALDataset *PAuxDataset::Open(GDALOpenInfo *poOpenInfo)

{
    if (poOpenInfo->nHeaderBytes < 1 ||
        (!poOpenInfo->IsSingleAllowedDriver("PAux") &&
         poOpenInfo->IsExtensionEqualToCI("zarr")))
    {
        return nullptr;
    }

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      If this is an .aux file, fetch out and form the name of the     */
    /*      file it references.                                             */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */

    CPLString osTarget = poOpenInfo->pszFilename;

    if (poOpenInfo->IsExtensionEqualToCI("aux") &&
        STARTS_WITH_CI(reinterpret_cast<char *>(poOpenInfo->pabyHeader),
                       "AuxilaryTarget: "))
    {
        const char *pszSrc =
            reinterpret_cast<const char *>(poOpenInfo->pabyHeader + 16);

        char szAuxTarget[1024] = {'\0'};
        for (int i = 0; i < static_cast<int>(sizeof(szAuxTarget)) - 1 &&
                        pszSrc[i] != 10 && pszSrc[i] != 13 && pszSrc[i] != '\0';
             i++)
        {
            szAuxTarget[i] = pszSrc[i];
        }
        szAuxTarget[sizeof(szAuxTarget) - 1] = '\0';

        if (CPLHasPathTraversal(szAuxTarget))
        {
            CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined,
                     "Path traversal detected in %s", szAuxTarget);
            return nullptr;
        }
        const std::string osPath(CPLGetPathSafe(poOpenInfo->pszFilename));
        osTarget = CPLFormFilenameSafe(osPath.c_str(), szAuxTarget, nullptr);
    }

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Now we need to tear apart the filename to form a .aux           */
    /*      filename.                                                       */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    CPLString osAuxFilename = CPLResetExtensionSafe(osTarget, "aux");

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Do we have a .aux file?                                         */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    CSLConstList papszSiblingFiles = poOpenInfo->GetSiblingFiles();
    if (papszSiblingFiles != nullptr &&
        CSLFindString(papszSiblingFiles, CPLGetFilename(osAuxFilename)) == -1)
    {
        return nullptr;
    }

    VSILFILE *fp = VSIFOpenL(osAuxFilename, "r");
    if (fp == nullptr)
    {
        osAuxFilename = CPLResetExtensionSafe(osTarget, "AUX");
        fp = VSIFOpenL(osAuxFilename, "r");
    }

    if (fp == nullptr)
        return nullptr;

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Is this file a PCI .aux file?  Check the first line for the     */
    /*      telltale AuxilaryTarget keyword.                                */
    /*                                                                      */
    /*      At this point we should be verifying that it refers to our      */
    /*      binary file, but that is a pretty involved test.                */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    CPLPushErrorHandler(CPLQuietErrorHandler);
    const char *pszLine = CPLReadLine2L(fp, 1024, nullptr);
    CPLPopErrorHandler();

    CPL_IGNORE_RET_VAL(VSIFCloseL(fp));

    if (pszLine == nullptr || (!STARTS_WITH_CI(pszLine, "AuxilaryTarget") &&
                               !STARTS_WITH_CI(pszLine, "AuxiliaryTarget")))
    {
        CPLErrorReset();
        return nullptr;
    }

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Create a corresponding GDALDataset.                             */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    auto poDS = std::make_unique<PAuxDataset>();

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Load the .aux file into a string list suitable to be            */
    /*      searched with CSLFetchNameValue().                              */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    poDS->papszAuxLines = CSLLoad2(osAuxFilename, 1024, 1024, nullptr);
    poDS->pszAuxFilename = CPLStrdup(osAuxFilename);

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Find the RawDefinition line to establish overall parameters.    */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    pszLine = CSLFetchNameValue(poDS->papszAuxLines, "RawDefinition");

    // It seems PCI now writes out .aux files without RawDefinition in
    // some cases.  See bug 947.
    if (pszLine == nullptr)
    {
        return nullptr;
    }

    const CPLStringList aosTokens(CSLTokenizeString(pszLine));

    if (aosTokens.size() < 3)
    {
        CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined,
                 "RawDefinition missing or corrupt in %s.",
                 poOpenInfo->pszFilename);
        return nullptr;
    }

    poDS->nRasterXSize = atoi(aosTokens[0]);
    poDS->nRasterYSize = atoi(aosTokens[1]);
    int l_nBands = atoi(aosTokens[2]);
    poDS->eAccess = poOpenInfo->eAccess;

    if (!GDALCheckDatasetDimensions(poDS->nRasterXSize, poDS->nRasterYSize) ||
        !GDALCheckBandCount(l_nBands, FALSE))
    {
        return nullptr;
    }

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Open the file.                                                  */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    if (poOpenInfo->eAccess == GA_Update)
    {
        poDS->fpImage = VSIFOpenL(osTarget, "rb+");

        if (poDS->fpImage == nullptr)
        {
            CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_OpenFailed,
                     "File %s is missing or read-only, check permissions.",
                     osTarget.c_str());
            return nullptr;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        poDS->fpImage = VSIFOpenL(osTarget, "rb");

        if (poDS->fpImage == nullptr)
        {
            CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_OpenFailed,
                     "File %s is missing or unreadable.", osTarget.c_str());
            return nullptr;
        }
    }

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Collect raw definitions of each channel and create              */
    /*      corresponding bands.                                            */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    for (int i = 0; i < l_nBands; i++)
    {
        char szDefnName[32] = {'\0'};
        snprintf(szDefnName, sizeof(szDefnName), "ChanDefinition-%d", i + 1);

        pszLine = CSLFetchNameValue(poDS->papszAuxLines, szDefnName);
        if (pszLine == nullptr)
        {
            continue;
        }

        const CPLStringList aosTokensBand(CSLTokenizeString(pszLine));
        if (aosTokensBand.size() < 4)
        {
            // Skip the band with broken description
            continue;
        }

        GDALDataType eType = GDT_Unknown;
        if (EQUAL(aosTokensBand[0], "16U"))
            eType = GDT_UInt16;
        else if (EQUAL(aosTokensBand[0], "16S"))
            eType = GDT_Int16;
        else if (EQUAL(aosTokensBand[0], "32R"))
            eType = GDT_Float32;
        else
            eType = GDT_Byte;

        bool bNative = true;
        if (CSLCount(aosTokensBand) > 4)
        {
#ifdef CPL_LSB
            bNative = EQUAL(aosTokensBand[4], "Swapped");
#else
            bNative = EQUAL(aosTokensBand[4], "Unswapped");
#endif
        }

        const vsi_l_offset nBandOffset = CPLScanUIntBig(
            aosTokensBand[1], static_cast<int>(strlen(aosTokensBand[1])));
        const int nPixelOffset = atoi(aosTokensBand[2]);
        const int nLineOffset = atoi(aosTokensBand[3]);

        if (nPixelOffset <= 0 || nLineOffset <= 0)
        {
            // Skip the band with broken offsets.
            continue;
        }

        auto poBand = std::make_unique<PAuxRasterBand>(
            poDS.get(), poDS->nBands + 1, poDS->fpImage, nBandOffset,
            nPixelOffset, nLineOffset, eType, bNative);
        if (!poBand->IsValid())
            return nullptr;
        poDS->SetBand(poDS->nBands + 1, std::move(poBand));
    }

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Get the projection.                                             */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    const char *pszMapUnits =
        CSLFetchNameValue(poDS->papszAuxLines, "MapUnits");
    const char *pszProjParams =
        CSLFetchNameValue(poDS->papszAuxLines, "ProjParams");

    if (pszMapUnits != nullptr)
    {
        poDS->m_oSRS = PCI2SRS(pszMapUnits, pszProjParams);
    }

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Initialize any PAM information.                                 */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    poDS->SetDescription(osTarget);
    poDS->TryLoadXML();

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Check for overviews.                                            */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    poDS->oOvManager.Initialize(poDS.get(), osTarget);

    poDS->ScanForGCPs();

    return poDS.release();
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                         GDALRegister_PAux()                          */
/************************************************************************/

void GDALRegister_PAux()

{
    if (GDALGetDriverByName("PAux") != nullptr)
        return;

    GDALDriver *poDriver = new GDALDriver();

    poDriver->SetDescription("PAux");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DCAP_RASTER, "YES");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DMD_LONGNAME, "PCI .aux Labelled");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DMD_HELPTOPIC, "drivers/raster/paux.html");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DCAP_VIRTUALIO, "YES");

    poDriver->pfnOpen = PAuxDataset::Open;

    GetGDALDriverManager()->RegisterDriver(poDriver);
}