<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!--

  Short S.23 flying boat flight model for JSBSim.

    Copyright (C) 2008 - 2013  Anders Gidenstam  (anders(at)gidenstam.org)

    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
    (at your option) any later version.
  
    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
    GNU General Public License for more details.
  
    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
    Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
  
-->
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="http://jsbsim.sourceforge.net/JSBSim.xsl"?>
<fdm_config name="Short S.23" version="2.0" release="BETA"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://jsbsim.sourceforge.net/JSBSim.xsd">

 <fileheader>
  <author>Anders Gidenstam / DATCOM+ / Aeromatic v 0.9</author>
  <email>anders at gidenstam dot org</email>

  <filecreationdate>2008-11-05</filecreationdate>
  <version>$Id: Short_S23.xml,v 1.13 2013/09/16 20:39:32 andgi Exp $</version>

  <description>Models a Short S.23 flying boat.</description>

  <license>
   <licenseName>GPL</licenseName>
   <licenseURL>http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html</licenseURL>
  </license>
  <note>
   This model was created using publicly available data, publicly available
   technical reports, textbooks, and guesses. It contains no proprietary or
   restricted data. It has been validated only to the extent that it may seem
   to "fly right", and possibly to comply to published, publicly known, 
   performance data (maximum speed, endurance, etc.). Thus, this model is
   meant for educational and entertainment purposes only.

   This simulation model is not endorsed by the manufacturer.

   This model is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
  </note>

  <reference refID="Sims:2000:AE"
             author="Phillip E. Sims"
             title="Adventurous Empires  The story of the Short Empire Flying-Boats"
             date="2000"/>
  <reference refID="Cassidy:2004:FE"
             author="Brian Cassidy"
             title="Flying Empires  Short 'C' class flying boats"
             date="2004"/>
  <reference refID="Short:RN-3-1-37"
             author="Short Bros."
             title="Short 'C' class aircraft  Maintenance Handbook"
             date="1937"/>
  <reference refID="ERefs:2008"
             author=""
             title="http://www.seawings.co.uk/EmpireRefspage.htm"
             date="5 Nov 2008"/>
  <reference refID="Dawson:1934:Clipper"
             author="John R. Dawson"
             title="A complete tank test of the hull of the Sikorsky S-40 flying boat - American Clipper Class;  NACA Thechnical Notes #512"
             date="1934"/>
  <reference refID="CAB:1943"
             author="http://www.enginehistory.org/Accessories/Carburetion/Carburetion.shtml"
             title="Carburetion as Applied to Bristol Aero Engines"
             date="1943"/>

 </fileheader>

<!--
  Aeromatic v 0.9 input:
  File:     Short S.23.xml
  Inputs:
    name:          Short S.23
    type:          multi-engine prop transport
    max weight:    40505.85 lb
    wing span:     114.01475 ft
    length:        88.2589 ft
    wing area:     1510.1142 sq-ft
    gear type:     tricycle
    retractable?:  no
    # engines:     4
    engine type:   piston
    engine layout: wings
    yaw damper?    no

  Outputs:
    wing loading:  26.82 lb/sq-ft
    CL-alpha:      4.9 per radian
    CL-0:          0.24
    CL-max:        1.4
    CD-0:          0.028
    K:             0.039

-->

 <documentation>
  The origin of the structural frame is at the nose of the aircraft.
  The coordinate system is aligned with the hull datum line.
  "The line of the keel from Frame 10 aft to Frames 20/21 formed the
   hull datum line." [Cassidy:2004:FE]
  Cf. also the 3d model coordinate system in the model XML file.
 </documentation>

 <metrics>
  <!-- Numbers from DATCOM. Appears to be the theoretical values where not
       manually set. -->
  <wingarea unit="FT2">     1510.0000  </wingarea>
  <wingspan unit="FT">       114.0000  </wingspan>
  <chord unit="FT">           16.4583  </chord>
  <htailarea unit="FT2">     226.6750  </htailarea>
  <htailarm unit="FT">        12.2147  </htailarm>
  <vtailarea unit="FT2">     319.0423  </vtailarea>
  <vtailarm unit="FT">        17.2533  </vtailarm>
<!-- Numbers from Aeromatic -->
<!--
   <wingarea  unit="FT2"> 1510.00 </wingarea>
   <wingspan  unit="FT" >  114.00 </wingspan>
   <wing_incidence>          2.00 </wing_incidence>
   <chord     unit="FT" >   13.24 </chord>
   <htailarea unit="FT2">  241.62 </htailarea>
   <htailarm  unit="FT" >   44.13 </htailarm>
   <vtailarea unit="FT2">  271.82 </vtailarea>
   <vtailarm  unit="FT" >   44.13 </vtailarm>
-->
   <location name="AERORP" unit="M">
     <x> 8.68 </x>
     <y> 0.00 </y>
     <z> 2.35 </z>
   </location>
   <location name="EYEPOINT" unit="M">
     <x> 2.05 </x>
     <y> 2.50 </y>
     <z> 0.00 </z>
   </location>
   <location name="VRP" unit="M">
     <x> 0.00 </x>
     <y> 0.00 </y>
     <z> 0.00 </z>
   </location>
 </metrics>

 <mass_balance>
  <documentation>
   The inertia was estimated by Aeromatic.
   CG location X-coordinate is based on [Short:RN-3-1-37].
   However, the document is not very clear. My assumption is that the
   datum marker plate is located on the bulkhead of frame 15/16.
   "C.G. is 4.56ft aft of datum point measured parallel to hull datum."
   "Datum plate in spar compartment is 19.65 in. aft of datum point measured
    parallel to hull datum. Permissible CG limits 55.5" to 66.8" aft of
    datum point measured parallel to hull datum." ([Short:RN-3-1-37])

   Based on the drawings the frame 15/16 bulkhead is 8.25 meters behind the
   origin of the FDM structural frame.

   Revised datum location based on 1:48 GA drawing: 7.728 meters behind the
   origin of the FDM structural frame.
   The resulting permissible range for the CG x coordinate is
   359.75in to 371.05in in the structural frame.

   Empty weight (incl. oil) according to [Cassidy:2004:FE] p.121: 23451 lbs.

   Tare weight according to [Short:RN-3-1-37]: 27845 lbs
   (including passenger compartments and some equipment.
  </documentation>
  <ixx unit="SLUG*FT2">    251174 </ixx>
  <iyy unit="SLUG*FT2">    180055 </iyy>
  <izz unit="SLUG*FT2">    426351 </izz>
  <emptywt unit="LBS" >     27528 </emptywt>
  <location name="CG" unit="M">
   <x> 9.12 </x>
   <y> 0.00 </y>
   <z> 1.10 </z>
  </location>

  <documentation>
   Adjustable payload pointmasses located according to [Short:RN-3-1-37].
  </documentation>
  <!-- Crew -->
  <pointmass name="Pilot">
   <weight unit="KG"> 85 </weight>
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  2.44 </x>
    <y> -0.5 </y>
    <z>  1.5 </z>
   </location>
  </pointmass>
  <pointmass name="Copilot">
   <weight unit="KG"> 85 </weight>
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  2.44 </x>
    <y>  0.5 </y>
    <z>  1.5 </z>
   </location>
  </pointmass>
  <pointmass name="Steward">
   <weight unit="KG"> 85 </weight>
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  7.0 </x>
    <y>  0.0 </y>
    <z>  0.0 </z>
   </location>
  </pointmass>
  <pointmass name="Flight Clerk">
   <!-- Originally the Flight Clerk's office was located on the aft end of the
        flight deck, but it was soon was moved down into the forward cabin.
   -->
   <weight unit="KG"> 85 </weight>
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  5.4 </x>
    <y>  0.0 </y>
    <z>  0.0 </z>
   </location>
  </pointmass>
  <pointmass name="W/T operator">
   <weight unit="KG"> 85 </weight>
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  3.2 </x>
    <y> -0.5 </y>
    <z>  1.5 </z>
   </location>
  </pointmass>

  <!-- Mail & Freight. -->
  <pointmass name="Spar Mail Compartment">
   <weight unit="KG"> 0.0 </weight>
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  9.3 </x>
    <y>  0.0 </y>
    <z>  1.5 </z>
   </location>
  </pointmass>
  <pointmass name="Forward upper mail compartment">
   <weight unit="KG"> 0.0 </weight>
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  6.2 </x>
    <y>  0.0 </y>
    <z>  1.5 </z>
   </location>
  </pointmass>
  <pointmass name="Rear freight compartment">
   <weight unit="KG"> 345.6 </weight> <!-- To get CG within the range. -->
   <location unit="M">
    <x> 19.1 </x>
    <y>  0.0 </y>
    <z>  1.5 </z>
   </location>
  </pointmass>
  <pointmass name="Freight in the Forward Cabin">
   <!-- Originally there were space for 7 passengers here but the cabin was
        soon converted to contain freight and the Flight Clerk's office. -->
   <weight unit="KG"> 0.0 </weight>
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  4.2 </x>
    <y>  0.0 </y>
    <z> -0.5 </z>
   </location>
  </pointmass>
  <pointmass name="Bullion locker">
   <weight unit="KG"> 0.0 </weight>
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  9.5 </x>
    <y>  0.0 </y>
    <z> -1.0 </z>
   </location>
  </pointmass>

  <!-- Passengers. -->
  <pointmass name="Passengers in the Spar Cabin (max 3)">
   <weight unit="KG"> 0.0 </weight>
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  9.5 </x>
    <y>  0.0 </y>
    <z>  0.0 </z>
   </location>
  </pointmass>
  <pointmass name="Passengers in the Promenade Cabin (max 8)">
   <weight unit="KG"> 0.0 </weight>
   <location unit="M">
    <x> 12.5 </x>
    <y>  0.0 </y>
    <z>  0.0 </z>
   </location>
  </pointmass>
  <pointmass name="Passengers in the Rear Cabin (max 6)">
   <weight unit="KG"> 0.0 </weight>
   <location unit="M">
    <x> 15.9 </x>
    <y>  0.0 </y>
    <z>  0.0 </z>
   </location>
  </pointmass>

  <!-- Fixed weights included in tare weight according to [Short:RN-3-1-37]. -->
  <pointmass name="Radio equipment">
   <weight unit="LBS"> 317.0 </weight>
   <location unit="M">
    <x> 3.8 </x>
    <y> 0.0 </y>
    <z> 0.0 </z>
   </location>
  </pointmass>

  <!--
     Oil tank contents. One mass per engine.
     These will be controlled by the engine model.
  -->
  <pointmass name="Oil Port Outer">
   <weight unit="LBS"> 117.3 </weight>
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  7.6 </x>
    <y> -8.0 </y>
    <z>  2.8 </z>
   </location>
  </pointmass>
  <pointmass name="Oil Port Inner">
   <weight unit="LBS"> 117.3 </weight>
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  7.3 </x>
    <y> -4.0 </y>
    <z>  2.6 </z>
   </location>
  </pointmass>
  <pointmass name="Oil Starboard Inner">
   <weight unit="LBS"> 117.3 </weight>
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  7.3 </x>
    <y>  4.0 </y>
    <z>  2.6 </z>
   </location>
  </pointmass>
  <pointmass name="Oil Starboard Outer">
   <weight unit="LBS"> 117.3 </weight>
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  7.6 </x>
    <y>  8.0 </y>
    <z>  2.8 </z>
   </location>
  </pointmass>

 </mass_balance>

 <ground_reactions>
  <documentation>
   The hydrostatic interactions of the hull are modelled by external forces.

   Total bouyancy of Type 2 float is 5000lb.
  </documentation>

  <contact type="BOGEY" name="LEFT_FLOAT">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  8.50 </x>
    <y> -9.75 </y>
    <z> -0.50 </z>
   </location>
   <static_friction>  0.0 </static_friction>
   <dynamic_friction> 0.8 </dynamic_friction>
   <rolling_friction> 0.0 </rolling_friction>
   <spring_coeff unit="LBS/FT">      1200.0 </spring_coeff>
   <damping_coeff unit="LBS/FT/SEC"> 1000.0 </damping_coeff>
   <max_steer unit="DEG">0</max_steer>
   <brake_group>NONE</brake_group>
   <retractable>0</retractable>
  </contact>

  <contact type="BOGEY" name="RIGHT_FLOAT">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  8.50 </x>
    <y>  9.75 </y>
    <z> -0.50 </z>
   </location>
   <static_friction>  0.0 </static_friction>
   <dynamic_friction> 0.8 </dynamic_friction>
   <rolling_friction> 0.0 </rolling_friction>
   <spring_coeff unit="LBS/FT">      1200.0 </spring_coeff>
   <damping_coeff unit="LBS/FT/SEC"> 1000.0 </damping_coeff>
   <max_steer unit="DEG">0</max_steer>
   <brake_group>NONE</brake_group>
   <retractable>0</retractable>
  </contact>

  <contact type="STRUCTURE" name="NOSE">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  0.00 </x>
    <y>  0.00 </y>
    <z>  0.00 </z>
   </location>
   <static_friction>  0.80 </static_friction>
   <dynamic_friction> 0.80 </dynamic_friction>
   <spring_coeff unit="LBS/FT">      2000.00 </spring_coeff>
   <damping_coeff unit="LBS/FT/SEC"> 1500.00 </damping_coeff>
  </contact>

  <contact type="STRUCTURE" name="TAIL">
   <location unit="M">
    <x> 26.80 </x>
    <y>  0.00 </y>
    <z>  3.20 </z>
   </location>
   <static_friction>  0.80 </static_friction>
   <dynamic_friction> 0.80 </dynamic_friction>
   <spring_coeff unit="LBS/FT">      1500.00 </spring_coeff>
   <damping_coeff unit="LBS/FT/SEC"> 1250.00 </damping_coeff>
  </contact>

  <contact type="STRUCTURE" name="LEFT_WING">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  8.5 </x>
    <y>-17.4 </y>
    <z>  2.3 </z>
   </location>
   <static_friction>  0.80 </static_friction>
   <dynamic_friction> 0.80 </dynamic_friction>
   <spring_coeff unit="LBS/FT">      1000.00 </spring_coeff>
   <damping_coeff unit="LBS/FT/SEC">  700.00 </damping_coeff>
  </contact>

  <contact type="STRUCTURE" name="RIGHT_WING">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  8.5 </x>
    <y> 17.4 </y>
    <z>  2.3 </z>
   </location>
   <static_friction>  0.80 </static_friction>
   <dynamic_friction> 0.80 </dynamic_friction>
   <spring_coeff unit="LBS/FT">      1000.00 </spring_coeff>
   <damping_coeff unit="LBS/FT/SEC">  700.00 </damping_coeff>
  </contact>

 </ground_reactions>

 <propulsion>
  <documentation>
   Propeller location from the plans by [Cassidy:2004:FE].
   Fuel tank location and capacity according to [Cassidy:2004:FE].

   Mainplane incidence to thrust line:     1 deg 52 min. [Short:RN-3-1-37]
   Mainplane incidence to hull datum line: 3 deg.        [Short:RN-3-1-37]
  </documentation>

  <engine file="eng_PegasusXc">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  6.80 </x>
    <y> -7.50 </y>
    <z>  2.90 </z>
   </location>
   <orient unit="DEG">
    <pitch> 1.13 </pitch>
    <roll>  0.00 </roll>
    <yaw>   0.00 </yaw>
   </orient>
   <feed>8</feed>
   <thruster file="prop_deHavilland5000">
    <sense>-1</sense>
    <location unit="M">
     <x>  6.30 </x>
     <y> -7.50 </y>
     <z>  2.90 </z>
    </location>
    <orient unit="DEG">
     <pitch> 1.13 </pitch>
     <roll>  0.00 </roll>
     <yaw>   0.00 </yaw>
    </orient>
   </thruster>
  </engine>

  <engine file="eng_PegasusXc">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  6.50 </x>
    <y> -3.98 </y>
    <z>  2.69 </z>
   </location>
   <orient unit="DEG">
    <pitch> 1.13 </pitch>
    <roll>  0.00 </roll>
    <yaw>   0.00 </yaw>
   </orient>
   <feed>9</feed>
   <thruster file="prop_deHavilland5000">
    <sense>-1</sense>
    <location unit="M">
     <x>  6.00 </x>
     <y> -3.98 </y>
     <z>  2.69 </z>
    </location>
    <orient unit="DEG">
     <pitch> 1.13 </pitch>
     <roll>  0.00 </roll>
     <yaw>   0.00 </yaw>
    </orient>
   </thruster>
  </engine>

  <engine file="eng_PegasusXc">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  6.50 </x>
    <y>  3.98 </y>
    <z>  2.69 </z>
   </location>
   <orient unit="DEG">
    <pitch> 1.13 </pitch>
    <roll>  0.00 </roll>
    <yaw>   0.00 </yaw>
   </orient>
   <feed>10</feed>
   <thruster file="prop_deHavilland5000">
    <sense>-1</sense>
    <location unit="M">
     <x>  6.00 </x>
     <y>  3.98 </y>
     <z>  2.69 </z>
    </location>
    <orient unit="DEG">
     <pitch> 1.13 </pitch>
     <roll>  0.00 </roll>
     <yaw>   0.00 </yaw>
    </orient>
   </thruster>
  </engine>

  <engine file="eng_PegasusXc">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  6.80 </x>
    <y>  7.50 </y>
    <z>  2.90 </z>
   </location>
   <orient unit="DEG">
    <pitch> 1.13 </pitch>
    <roll>  0.00 </roll>
    <yaw>   0.00 </yaw>
   </orient>
   <feed>11</feed>
   <thruster file="prop_deHavilland5000">
    <sense>-1</sense>
    <location unit="M">
     <x>  6.30 </x>
     <y>  7.50 </y>
     <z>  2.90 </z>
    </location>
    <orient unit="DEG">
     <pitch> 1.13 </pitch>
     <roll>  0.00 </roll>
     <yaw>   0.00 </yaw>
    </orient>
   </thruster>
  </engine>

  <documentation>
    The S.23 'boats as delivered (with a few exceptions) came with one of
    3 different fuel system types. [Cassidy:2004:FE]
    
    Mk.I (1D) standard:
      one 326 gallon tank in each wing.
    Mk.II (1A/1C) Cavalier, Centarus:
      one 179 and one 326 gallon tank in each wing.
    Mk.III (1B) Cambria, Caledonia:
      one 179, one 326 and one 380 gallon tank in each wing.
      two 280 gallon tanks between the spar frames in the hull.

    [Cassidy:2004:FE] gives the sizes and capacities of the respective tanks as:
      Inboard  380 gals. 65.5in. diam., 31.5in. ht.
      Centre   326 gals. 64in. diam., 28in. ht.
      Outboard 179 gals. 56.5in. long, 41.75in. wide, 19.5in. ht.

    Oil tanks where placed in the nacelles aft of the firewall[Cassidy:2004:FE].
      Mk.I   four  13 1/2 gals.
      Mk.II  four  22 gals.
      Mk.III eight 18 gals.
  </documentation>

  <!-- Centre tanks. Present in all 3 fuel systems. -->
  <tank type="FUEL" number="0">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  9.21 </x>
    <y> -5.35 </y>
    <z>  2.50 </z>
   </location>
   <radius unit="IN"> 32.0 </radius>
   <capacity unit="LBS"> 2356.9 </capacity>
   <contents unit="LBS"> 2352.0 </contents>
   <density unit="LBS/GAL">6.02 </density>
  </tank>

  <tank type="FUEL" number="1">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  9.21 </x>
    <y>  5.35 </y>
    <z>  2.50 </z>
   </location>
   <radius unit="IN"> 32.0 </radius>
   <capacity unit="LBS"> 2356.9 </capacity>
   <contents unit="LBS"> 2352.0 </contents>
   <density unit="LBS/GAL">6.02 </density>
  </tank>

  <!-- Outboard tanks. Present in the Mark II and Mark III fuel systems. -->
  <tank type="FUEL" number="2">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  9.21 </x>
    <y> -6.85 </y>
    <z>  2.55 </z>
   </location>
   <radius unit="IN"> 24.6 </radius>
   <capacity unit="LBS"> 1294.1 </capacity>
   <contents unit="LBS"> 0.00 </contents>
   <density unit="LBS/GAL">6.02 </density>
  </tank>

  <tank type="FUEL" number="3">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  9.21 </x>
    <y>  6.85 </y>
    <z>  2.55 </z>
   </location>
   <radius unit="IN"> 24.6 </radius>
   <capacity unit="LBS"> 1294.1 </capacity>
   <contents unit="LBS"> 0.00 </contents>
   <density unit="LBS/GAL">6.02 </density>
  </tank>

  <!-- Inboard tanks. Present in the Mark III fuel system. -->
  <tank type="FUEL" number="4">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  9.21 </x>
    <y> -2.45 </y>
    <z>  2.40 </z>
   </location>
   <radius unit="IN"> 32.75 </radius>
   <capacity unit="LBS"> 2747.3 </capacity>
   <contents unit="LBS"> 0.00 </contents>
   <density unit="LBS/GAL">6.02 </density>
  </tank>

  <tank type="FUEL" number="5">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  9.21 </x>
    <y>  2.45 </y>
    <z>  2.40 </z>
   </location>
   <radius unit="IN"> 32.75 </radius>
   <capacity unit="LBS"> 2747.3 </capacity>
   <contents unit="LBS"> 0.00 </contents>
   <density unit="LBS/GAL">6.02 </density>
  </tank>

  <!-- Fuselage tanks. Present in the Mark III fuel system. -->
  <tank type="FUEL" number="6">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  9.21 </x>
    <y> -0.72 </y>
    <z>  2.40 </z>
   </location>
   <radius unit="IN"> 34.0 </radius>
   <capacity unit="LBS"> 2024.3 </capacity>
   <contents unit="LBS"> 0.00 </contents>
   <density unit="LBS/GAL">6.02 </density>
  </tank>

  <tank type="FUEL" number="7">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  9.21 </x>
    <y>  0.72 </y>
    <z>  2.40 </z>
   </location>
   <radius unit="IN"> 34.0 </radius>
   <capacity unit="LBS"> 2024.3 </capacity>
   <contents unit="LBS"> 0.00 </contents>
   <density unit="LBS/GAL">6.02 </density>
  </tank>

  <!-- Engine feeder tanks (carburettor float chambers). -->
  <tank type="FUEL" number="8">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  6.80 </x>
    <y> -7.50 </y>
    <z>  2.90 </z>
   </location>
   <capacity unit="LBS"> 0.25 </capacity> <!-- Guess -->
   <contents unit="LBS"> 0.00 </contents>
   <density unit="LBS/GAL">6.02 </density>
  </tank>
  <tank type="FUEL" number="9">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  6.50 </x>
    <y> -3.98 </y>
    <z>  2.69 </z>
   </location>
   <capacity unit="LBS"> 0.25 </capacity> <!-- Guess -->
   <contents unit="LBS"> 0.00 </contents>
   <density unit="LBS/GAL">6.02 </density>
  </tank>
  <tank type="FUEL" number="10">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  6.50 </x>
    <y>  3.98 </y>
    <z>  2.69 </z>
   </location>
   <capacity unit="LBS"> 0.25 </capacity> <!-- Guess -->
   <contents unit="LBS"> 0.00 </contents>
   <density unit="LBS/GAL">6.02 </density>
  </tank>
  <tank type="FUEL" number="11">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  6.80 </x>
    <y>  7.50 </y>
    <z>  2.90 </z>
   </location>
   <capacity unit="LBS"> 0.25 </capacity> <!-- Guess -->
   <contents unit="LBS"> 0.00 </contents>
   <density unit="LBS/GAL">6.02 </density>
  </tank>

 </propulsion>

 <flight_control name="FCS: Short S.23">
  <documentation>
   The flight control system creates the properties needed by the
   Aeromatic generated aerodynamic section as well as those needed by the
   DATCOM+ generated aerodynamic section.

   Control surface movements according to [Short:RN-3-1-37]:
     Ailerons : +/-19.5 deg
     Elevator : +/-18 deg
     Rudder   : +/-22.5 deg

  </documentation>

  <!-- FlightGear multiplayer dual control properties. -->
  <!-- Also used by the take-off autopilot. -->
  <property value="0.0">fcs/copilot/aileron-cmd-norm</property>
  <property value="0.0">fcs/copilot/elevator-cmd-norm</property>
  <property value="0.0">fcs/copilot/rudder-cmd-norm</property>

  <!-- The output from the Sperry autopilot actuators. -->
  <property value="0.0">sperry-autopilot/aileron-cmd-norm</property>
  <property value="0.0">sperry-autopilot/elevator-cmd-norm</property>
  <property value="0.0">sperry-autopilot/rudder-cmd-norm</property>

  <channel name="Elevator">

   <summer name="fcs/elevator/cmd-sum-norm">
    <input>fcs/elevator-cmd-norm</input>
    <input>fcs/copilot/elevator-cmd-norm</input>
    <input>sperry-autopilot/elevator-cmd-norm</input>
    <input>fcs/pitch-trim-cmd-norm</input>
    <clipto>
     <min> -1 </min>
     <max>  1 </max>
    </clipto>
   </summer>

   <aerosurface_scale name="fcs/elevator/pos-rad">
    <input>fcs/elevator/cmd-sum-norm</input>
    <range>
     <min> -0.3142 </min>
     <max>  0.3142 </max>
    </range>
    <output>fcs/elevator-pos-rad</output>
   </aerosurface_scale>

   <pure_gain name="fcs/elevator/pos-deg">
    <input>fcs/elevator/pos-rad</input>
    <gain> 57.29578 </gain>
    <output>fcs/elevator-pos-deg</output>
   </pure_gain>

   <aerosurface_scale name="fcs/elevator/pos-norm">
    <input>fcs/elevator/pos-rad</input>
    <domain>
     <min> -0.3142 </min>
     <max>  0.3142 </max>
    </domain>
    <range>
     <min> -1 </min>
     <max>  1 </max>
    </range>
    <output>fcs/elevator-pos-norm</output>
   </aerosurface_scale>

  </channel>

  <channel name="Aileron">

   <summer name="fcs/aileron/cmd-sum-norm">
    <input>fcs/aileron-cmd-norm</input>
    <input>fcs/copilot/aileron-cmd-norm</input>
    <input>sperry-autopilot/aileron-cmd-norm</input>
    <input>fcs/roll-trim-cmd-norm</input>
    <clipto>
     <min> -1 </min>
     <max>  1 </max>
    </clipto>
   </summer>

   <aerosurface_scale name="fcs/aileron/left-pos-rad">
    <input>fcs/aileron/cmd-sum-norm</input>
    <range>
     <min> -0.3403 </min>
     <max>  0.3403 </max>
    </range>
    <output>fcs/left-aileron-pos-rad</output>
   </aerosurface_scale>

   <pure_gain name="fcs/aileron/left-pos-deg">
    <input>fcs/aileron/left-pos-rad</input>
    <gain> 57.29578 </gain>
    <output>fcs/left-aileron-pos-deg</output>
   </pure_gain>

   <aerosurface_scale name="fcs/aileron/left-pos-norm">
    <input>fcs/aileron/left-pos-rad</input>
    <domain>
     <min> -0.3403 </min>
     <max>  0.3403 </max>
    </domain>
    <range>
     <min> -1 </min>
     <max>  1 </max>
    </range>
    <output>fcs/left-aileron-pos-norm</output>
   </aerosurface_scale>


   <aerosurface_scale name="fcs/aileron/right-pos-rad">
    <input>fcs/aileron/cmd-sum-norm</input>
    <range>
     <min> -0.3403 </min>
     <max>  0.3403 </max>
    </range>
    <output>fcs/right-aileron-pos-rad</output>
   </aerosurface_scale>

   <pure_gain name="fcs/aileron/right-pos-deg">
    <input>fcs/aileron/right-pos-rad</input>
    <gain> 57.29578 </gain>
    <output>fcs/right-aileron-pos-deg</output>
   </pure_gain>

   <aerosurface_scale name="fcs/aileron/right-pos-norm">
    <input>fcs/aileron/right-pos-rad</input>
    <domain>
     <min> -0.3403 </min>
     <max>  0.3403 </max>
    </domain>
    <range>
     <min> -1 </min>
     <max>  1 </max>
    </range>
    <output>fcs/right-aileron-pos-norm</output>
   </aerosurface_scale>

  </channel>

  <channel name="Rudder">

   <summer name="fcs/rudder/cmd-sum-norm">
    <input>fcs/rudder-cmd-norm</input>
    <input>fcs/copilot/rudder-cmd-norm</input>
    <input>sperry-autopilot/rudder-cmd-norm</input>
    <input>fcs/yaw-trim-cmd-norm</input>
    <clipto>
     <min> -1.0 </min>
     <max>  1.0 </max>
    </clipto>
   </summer>
   
   <aerosurface_scale name="fcs/rudder/pos-rad">
    <input>fcs/rudder/cmd-sum-norm</input>
    <range>
     <min> -0.3927 </min>
     <max>  0.3927 </max>
    </range>
    <output>fcs/rudder-pos-rad</output>
   </aerosurface_scale>

   <pure_gain name="fcs/rudder/pos-deg">
    <input>fcs/rudder/pos-rad</input>
    <gain> 57.29578 </gain>
    <output>fcs/rudder-pos-deg</output>
   </pure_gain>

   <aerosurface_scale name="fcs/rudder/pos-norm">
    <input>fcs/rudder/pos-rad</input>
    <domain>
     <min> -0.393 </min>
     <max>  0.393 </max>
    </domain>
    <range>
     <min> -1 </min>
     <max>  1 </max>
    </range>
    <output>fcs/rudder-pos-norm</output>
   </aerosurface_scale>

  </channel>

 </flight_control>

 <external_reactions>

  <force name="hydro-X" frame="LOCAL">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  8.68 </x>
    <y>  0.00 </y>
    <z>  0.00 </z>
   </location>
   <direction>
    <x> 1.0 </x>
    <y> 0.0 </y>
    <z> 0.0 </z>
   </direction>
  </force>
  <force name="hydro-Y" frame="LOCAL">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  8.68 </x>
    <y>  0.00 </y>
    <z>  0.00 </z>
   </location>
   <direction>
    <x> 0.0 </x>
    <y> 1.0 </y>
    <z> 0.0 </z>
   </direction>
  </force>
  <force name="hydro-Z" frame="LOCAL">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  8.68 </x>
    <y>  0.00 </y>
    <z>  0.00 </z>
   </location>
   <direction>
    <x> 0.0 </x>
    <y> 0.0 </y>
    <z>-1.0 </z>
   </direction>
  </force>

  <force name="hydro-pitch[0]" frame="LOCAL">
   <location unit="M">
    <x> 8.3752 </x>
    <y> 0.00 </y>
    <z> 0.00 </z>
   </location>
   <direction>
    <x> 0.0 </x>
    <y> 0.0 </y>
    <z>-1.0 </z>
   </direction>
  </force>
  <force name="hydro-pitch[1]" frame="LOCAL">
   <location unit="M">
    <x> 8.9848 </x>
    <y> 0.00 </y>
    <z> 0.00 </z>
   </location>
   <direction>
    <x> 0.0 </x>
    <y> 0.0 </y>
    <z>-1.0 </z>
   </direction>
  </force>

  <force name="hydro-yaw[0]" frame="BODY">
   <location unit="M">
    <x> 8.68 </x>
    <y> -0.3048 </y>
    <z> 0.00 </z>
   </location>
   <direction>
    <x> 1.0 </x>
    <y> 0.0 </y>
    <z> 0.0 </z>
   </direction>
  </force>
  <force name="hydro-yaw[1]" frame="BODY">
   <location unit="M">
    <x> 8.68 </x>
    <y> 0.3048 </y>
    <z> 0.00 </z>
   </location>
   <direction>
    <x> 1.0 </x>
    <y> 0.0 </y>
    <z> 0.0 </z>
   </direction>
  </force>


  <force name="hydro-roll[0]" frame="LOCAL">
   <location unit="M">
    <x> 8.68 </x>
    <y>-0.3048 </y>
    <z> 0.00 </z>
   </location>
   <direction>
    <x> 0.0 </x>
    <y> 0.0 </y>
    <z>-1.0 </z>
   </direction>
  </force>
  <force name="hydro-roll[1]" frame="LOCAL">
   <location unit="M">
    <x> 8.68 </x>
    <y> 0.3048 </y>
    <z> 0.00 </z>
   </location>
   <direction>
    <x> 0.0 </x>
    <y> 0.0 </y>
    <z>-1.0 </z>
   </direction>
  </force>

  <!--Forces from the floats. -->
  <force name="left-float-X" frame="LOCAL">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  9.00 </x>
    <y> -9.75 </y>
    <z> -0.50 </z>
   </location>
   <direction>
    <x> 1.0 </x>
    <y> 0.0 </y>
    <z> 0.0 </z>
   </direction>
  </force>
  <force name="left-float-Y" frame="LOCAL">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  9.00 </x>
    <y> -9.75 </y>
    <z> -0.50 </z>
   </location>
   <direction>
    <x> 0.0 </x>
    <y> 1.0 </y>
    <z> 0.0 </z>
   </direction>
  </force>

  <force name="right-float-X" frame="LOCAL">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  9.00 </x>
    <y>  9.75 </y>
    <z> -0.50 </z>
   </location>
   <direction>
    <x> 1.0 </x>
    <y> 0.0 </y>
    <z> 0.0 </z>
   </direction>
  </force>
  <force name="right-float-Y" frame="LOCAL">
   <location unit="M">
    <x>  9.00 </x>
    <y>  9.75 </y>
    <z> -0.50 </z>
   </location>
   <direction>
    <x> 0.0 </x>
    <y> 1.0 </y>
    <z> 0.0 </z>
   </direction>
  </force>

 </external_reactions>

 <system file="hydrodynamics"/>
 <system file="Short_S23-hydrodynamics"/>

 <!-- Sperry A-2 autopilot. -->
 <system file="sperry-a2-autopilot"/>

 <!-- Autopilot for JSBSim/standalone. -->
 <system file="take-off-ap"/>

 <!-- Engine controls. -->
 <system file="engines"/>
 <system file="fuel-system"/>

 <!-- Electrical system. -->
 <system file="electrical"/>

 <!-- Control system for the flaps. -->
 <system file="flaps"/>

 <aerodynamics file="Systems/datcom_aero.xml"/>

</fdm_config>
