# Function log Calculate the logarithm of a value. For matrices, the function is evaluated element wise. ## Syntax ```js math.log(x) math.log(x, base) ``` ### Parameters Parameter | Type | Description --------- | ---- | ----------- `x` | number | BigNumber | Complex | Array | Matrix | Value for which to calculate the logarithm. `base` | number | BigNumber | Complex | Optional base for the logarithm. If not provided, the natural logarithm of `x` is calculated. Default value: e. ### Returns Type | Description ---- | ----------- number | BigNumber | Complex | Array | Matrix | Returns the logarithm of `x` ### Throws Type | Description ---- | ----------- ## Examples ```js math.log(3.5) // returns 1.252762968495368 math.exp(math.log(2.4)) // returns 2.4 math.pow(10, 4) // returns 10000 math.log(10000, 10) // returns 4 math.log(10000) / math.log(10) // returns 4 math.log(1024, 2) // returns 10 math.pow(2, 10) // returns 1024 ``` ## See also [exp](exp.md), [log2](log2.md), [log10](log10.md), [log1p](log1p.md)