/**
 * Value object representing a device identifier (DUID).
 * Ensures device IDs are valid and immutable.
 */
export declare class DeviceId {
    private readonly value;
    private constructor();
    /**
     * Create a DeviceId from a string.
     * @throws Error if the device ID is invalid
     */
    static create(duid: string): DeviceId;
    /**
     * Get the string representation of this device ID.
     */
    toString(): string;
    /**
     * Check if two DeviceIds are equal.
     */
    equals(other: DeviceId): boolean;
}
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