rules:
- id: tainted-sql-from-http-request
  languages: [scala]
  severity: ERROR
  mode: taint
  message: >-
    User data flows into this manually-constructed SQL string. User data
    can be safely inserted into SQL strings using prepared statements or an
    object-relational mapper (ORM). Manually-constructed SQL strings is a
    possible indicator of SQL injection, which could let an attacker steal or
    manipulate data from the database. Instead, use prepared statements
    (`connection.PreparedStatement`) or a safe library.
  metadata:
    cwe:
    - "CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')"
    owasp:
    - A01:2017 - Injection
    - A03:2021 - Injection
    references:
    - https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/sql/PreparedStatement.html
    category: security
    technology:
    - scala
    - play
    confidence: HIGH
    cwe2022-top25: true
    cwe2021-top25: true
    subcategory:
    - vuln
    likelihood: HIGH
    impact: MEDIUM
  pattern-sources:
  - patterns:
    - pattern-either:
      - patterns:
        - pattern: $REQ
        - pattern-either:
          - pattern-inside: |
              Action {
                $REQ: Request[$T] => 
                  ...
              }
          - pattern-inside: |
              Action(...) {
                $REQ: Request[$T] => 
                  ...
              }
          - pattern-inside: |
              Action.async {
                $REQ: Request[$T] => 
                  ...
              }
          - pattern-inside: |
              Action.async(...) {
                $REQ: Request[$T] => 
                  ...
              }
      - patterns:
        - pattern: $PARAM
        - pattern-either:
          - pattern-inside: |
              def $CTRL(..., $PARAM: $TYPE, ...) = Action {
                ...
              }
          - pattern-inside: |
              def $CTRL(..., $PARAM: $TYPE, ...) = Action(...) {
                ...
              }
          - pattern-inside: |
              def $CTRL(..., $PARAM: $TYPE, ...) = Action.async {
                ...
              }
          - pattern-inside: |
              def $CTRL(..., $PARAM: $TYPE, ...) = Action.async(...) {
                ...
              }
  pattern-sinks:
  - patterns:
    - pattern-either:
      - patterns:
        - pattern-either:
          - pattern: |
              "$SQLSTR" + ...
          - pattern: |
              "$SQLSTR".format(...)
          - patterns:
            - pattern-inside: |
                $SB = new StringBuilder("$SQLSTR");
                ...
            - pattern: $SB.append(...)
          - patterns:
            - pattern-inside: |
                $VAR = "$SQLSTR"
                ...
            - pattern: $VAR += ...
        - metavariable-regex:
            metavariable: $SQLSTR
            regex: (?i)(select|delete|insert|create|update|alter|drop)\b
      - patterns:
        - pattern: s"..."
        - pattern-regex: |
            .*\b(?i)(select|delete|insert|create|update|alter|drop)\b.*
    - pattern-not-inside: println(...)