{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"france","to":"France"}],"pages":{"5843419":{"pageid":5843419,"ns":0,"title":"France","revisions":[{"contentformat":"text/x-wiki","contentmodel":"wikitext","*":"{{about|the country}}\n{{pp-semi|small=yes}}\n{{pp-move-indef}}\n{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}}\n{{Use British English|date=April 2015}}\n{{Infobox country\n|conventional_long_name = French Republic\n|native_name = {{native name|fr|R\u00e9publique fran\u00e7aise}}\n|common_name = France\n|image_flag = Flag of France.svg\n|image_coat = Armoiries r\u00e9publique fran\u00e7aise.svg\n|symbol_type = National emblem\n|national_motto = {{native phrase|fr|\"[[Libert\u00e9, \u00e9galit\u00e9, fraternit\u00e9]]\"|italics=off}}\n|englishmotto=\"Liberty, Equality, Fraternity\"\n|national_anthem=\"[[La Marseillaise]]\" <div style=\"padding-top:0.4em;\">[[File:La Marseillaise.ogg|alt=sound clip of the Marseillaise French national anthem|center]]</div>\n|image_map = EU-France.svg\n|map_caption = {{map caption |location_color=dark green |country=[[metropolitan France]] |region=Europe |region_color=dark grey |subregion=the European Union |subregion_color=green}}\n|image_map2 = Outre-mer en sans Terre Adelie.png\n|map2_width = 250px\n|map_caption2 = <span style=\"font-size:11px;\">Territory of the French Republic</span>{{efn-ur|Excluding [[Ad\u00e9lie Land]] in Antarctica.}}\n|capital = [[Paris]]\n|largest city=[[Paris]]\n\n\n|latd=48 |latm=51.4 |latNS=N |longd=2 |longm=21.05 |longEW=E\n|largest_city = capital\n|languages_type = Official language<br />{{nobold|and national language}}\n|languages = [[French language|French]]{{efn-ur|name=one|For information about regional languages see [[Languages of France]].}}\n|demonym = French\n|government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Semi-presidential system|semi&#8209;presidential]] [[republic|constitutional republic]]\n|leader_title1 = [[President of France|President]]\n|leader_name1 = [[Fran\u00e7ois Hollande]]\n|leader_title2 = [[Prime Minister of France|Prime Minister]]\n|leader_name2 = [[Manuel Valls]]\n|leader_title3 = [[List of Presidents of the Senate of France|President of the Senate]]\n|leader_name3 = [[G\u00e9rard Larcher]]\n|leader_title4 = [[List of Presidents of the National Assembly of France|President of the National Assembly]]\n|leader_name4 = [[Claude Bartolone]]\n|legislature = [[French Parliament|Parliament]]\n|upper_house = [[Senate (France)|Senate]]\n|lower_house = [[National Assembly (France)|National Assembly]]\n|sovereignty_type = [[History of France|Establishment]]\n|established_event1 = [[Francia]] unified\n|established_date1 = 486\n|established_event2 = [[Treaty of Verdun]]<wbr/>{{efn-ur|Established the [[West Francia|Kingdom of the West Franks]] (the [[Kingdom of France]]) from the [[Carolingian Empire]] of Francia.}}\n|established_date2 = August 843\n|established_event3 = [[Proclamation of the abolition of the monarchy|Republic established]]\n|established_date3 = 22 September 1792\n|established_event4 = [[Enlargement of the European Union#Founding members|Founded]] the [[European Economic Community|EEC]]<wbr/>{{efn-ur|[[European Union]] since 1993.}}\n|established_date4 = 1 January 1958\n|established_event5 = [[Constitution of France|Current constitution]]<wbr/>{{efn-ur|Established the [[French Fifth Republic|Fifth Republic]]}}\n|established_date5 = 4 October 1958\n|area_km2 =643801\n|area_footnote ={{efn-ur|name=two|Including all the [[overseas department]]s.}}<ref name=areafactbook>{{cite web|title=The World Factbook \u2013 Field Listing \u2013 Area|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2147.html|website=CIA.gov|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|accessdate=1 November 2015}}</ref>\n|area_sq_mi = 248600<!--Do not remove per [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers|WP:MOSNUM]]-->\n|area_rank = 41st\n|area_label2 = [[Metropolitan&nbsp;France]] ([[Institut g\u00e9ographique national|IGN]])\n|area_data2 = 551,695&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>{{efn-ur|name=three|French [[Institut G\u00e9ographique National|National Geographic Institute]] data, which includes bodies of water.}} ([[List of countries and dependencies by area|50th]])<br>213,010 sq mi\n|area_label3 = [[Metropolitan&nbsp;France]] ([[Cadastre]])\n|area_data3 = 543,940.9&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>{{efn-ur|name=four|French [[Land registration|Land Register]] data, which exclude lakes, ponds and [[glacier]]s larger than 1&nbsp;km\u00b2 (0.386&nbsp;sq&nbsp;mi or 247&nbsp;acres) as well as the estuaries of rivers.}}<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.insee.fr/fr/themes/comparateur.asp?codgeo=METRODOM-1|title=France M\u00e9tropolitaine|publisher=INSEE|year=2011}}</ref> ([[List of countries and dependencies by area|50th]])<br>210,026 sq mi\n|population_estimate_rank = 20th\n|population_estimate = 66,689,000{{efn-ur|name=two|Including all the [[overseas department]]s.}}<ref>{{cite web|title=D\u00e9mographie - Population au d\u00e9but du mois - France|url=http://www.insee.fr/fr/bases-de-donnees/bsweb/serie.asp?idbank=001641607|website=Insee.fr|publisher=Institut national de la statistique et des \u00e9tudes \u00e9conomiques|accessdate=28 February 2016}}</ref>\n|population_estimate_year = Total 2016&#8203;\n|population_label2 = [[Metropolitan&nbsp;France]] May 2016 estimate\n|population_data2 = 64,570,000<ref>{{cite web|title=D\u00e9mographie - Population au d\u00e9but du mois - France m\u00e9tropolitaine|url=http://www.insee.fr/fr/bases-de-donnees/bsweb/serie.asp?idbank=000436387|website=Insee.fr|publisher=Institut national de la statistique et des \u00e9tudes \u00e9conomiques|accessdate= 9 May 2016}}</ref> ([[List of countries and dependencies by population|22nd]])\n|population_density_km2 = 116\n|population_density_sq_mi = 301 <!--Do not remove per [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers|WP:MOSNUM]]-->\n|population_density_rank = 89th\n|pop_den_footnote = {{efn-ur|name=five|[[Metropolitan France]] only. The [[population density]] for the whole territory of the French Republic (including all overseas d\u00e9partements) is {{pop density|66627602|643801|km2|sqmi}}.}}\n|GDP_PPP_year = 2015\n|GDP_PPP = $2.647 trillion<!--NOTE: Do no update with 2016 \"IMF staff estimates\", wait until actual data is published-->\n|GDP_PPP_rank = 10th\n|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $41,181<ref name=\"imfFrance\"/>\n|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 24th\n|GDP_nominal = $2.422 trillion<!--NOTE: Do no update with 2016 \"IMF staff estimates\", wait until actual data is published-->\n|GDP_nominal_rank = 6th\n|GDP_nominal_year = 2015\n|GDP_nominal_per_capita = $37,675<ref name=\"imfFrance\">{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2016/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=53&pr.y=8&sy=2014&ey=2015&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=132&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |title=France, World Economic Outlook Database, April 2016 |publisher=International Monetary Fund |accessdate= 9 May 2016 }}</ref>\n|GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 20th\n|Gini_year = 2013\n|\n|Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady-->\n|Gini = 30.1 <!--number only-->\n|Gini_ref = <ref name=\"CIA\">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2172.html |title=CIA World Factbook |publisher=CIA |date= |accessdate=16 April 2013}}</ref>\n|Gini_rank =\n|HDI_year = 2014<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->\n|HDI_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady-->\n|HDI = 0.888 <!--number only-->\n|HDI_ref = <ref name=\"HDI\">{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr_2015_statistical_annex.pdf |title=2015 Human Development Report  |date=2015 |accessdate=14 December 2015 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme }}</ref>\n|HDI_rank = 22nd\n|currency = {{unbulleted list\n|[[Euro]] ([[ISO 4217|EUR]])<wbr/>{{efn-ur|name=six|Whole of the French Republic except the overseas territories in the Pacific Ocean.}}\n|[[CFP franc]] (XPF)<wbr/>{{efn-ur|name=seven|French overseas territories in the Pacific Ocean only.}}\n}}\n|time_zone = CET{{efn-ur|name=eight|CET applies to [[Metropolitan France]] only. [[Time zone]]s across the French Republic span from UTC-10 ([[French Polynesia|PF]]) to UTC+12 ([[Wallis and Futuna|WF]]).}}\n|utc_offset = +1\n|time_zone_DST = CEST{{efn-ur|name=nine|CEST applies to Metropolitan France only. Not all overseas territories observe [[Daylight saving time|Daylight Saving Time]].}}\n|utc_offset_DST = +2\n| date_format = dd/mm/yyyy\n\n|drives_on = right\n|calling_code = [[Telephone numbers in France|+33]]{{efn-ur|name=eleven|The overseas regions and collectivities form part of the [[French telephone numbering plan]], but have their own country calling codes: [[Guadeloupe]] +590; [[Martinique]] +596; [[French Guiana]] +594, [[R\u00e9union]] and [[Mayotte]] +262; [[Saint Pierre and Miquelon]] +508. The overseas territories are not part of the French telephone numbering plan; their country calling codes are: [[New Caledonia]] +687, [[French Polynesia]] +689; [[Wallis and Futuna]] +681.}}\n|ISO_3166-1_alpha2 =\n|ISO_3166-1_alpha3 = FRA\n|ISO_3166-1_numeric =\n|sport_code = FRA\n|vehicle_code = F\n|cctld = [[.fr]]{{efn-ur|name=ten|In addition to [[.fr]], several other Internet TLDs are used in French overseas ''d\u00e9partements'' and territories: [[.re]], [[.mq]], [[.gp]], [[.tf]], [[.nc]], [[.pf]], [[.wf]], [[.pm]], [[.gf]] and [[.yt]]. France also uses [[.eu]], shared with other members of the European Union. The [[.cat]] domain is used in [[Catalan Countries|Catalan-speaking territories]].}}\n}}\n\n'''France''' ([[French language|French]]: {{IPA-fr|f\u0281\u0251\u0303s|}})<!--Do not add English pronunciation per [[MOS:LEAD]]-->, officially the '''French Republic''' ({{lang-fr|R\u00e9publique fran\u00e7aise|links=no}} {{IPA-fr|\u0281epyblik f\u0281\u0251\u0303s\u025bz|}}), is a unitary [[sovereign state]] including territory in [[western Europe]] and several [[Overseas departments and territories of France|overseas regions and territories]].{{efn-ur|name=twelve|[[French Guiana]] is located in [[South America]]; [[Guadeloupe]] and [[Martinique]] are in the [[Caribbean]]; and [[R\u00e9union]] and [[Mayotte]] are in the [[Indian Ocean]], off the coast of [[Africa]]. All five [[Administrative divisions of France#Overseas|are considered integral parts of the republic]]. France also comprises [[Saint Martin]] and [[Saint Pierre and Miquelon]] in [[North America]]; [[Saint Barth\u00e9lemy]] in the Caribbean; [[French Polynesia]], [[New Caledonia]], [[Wallis and Futuna]] and [[Clipperton Island]] in the [[Pacific Ocean]]; and finally [[French Southern and Antarctic Lands]]}} The [[Europe]]an part of France, called [[metropolitan France]], extends from the [[Mediterranean Sea]] to the [[English Channel]] and the [[North Sea]], and from the [[Rhine]] to the [[Atlantic Ocean]]. France spans {{convert|643801|km2|sqmi}}<ref name=areafactbook/> and has a total population of 66.6 million.{{efn-ur|name=two|Including all the [[overseas department]]s.}}<ref name=populationINSEE>{{cite web|title=\u00c9volution de la population jusqu'en 2016|url=http://www.insee.fr/fr/themes/tableau.asp?ref_id=NATnon02145|website=Insee.fr|publisher=Institut national de la statistique et des \u00e9tudes \u00e9conomiques|accessdate=21 January 2016}}</ref> It is a [[unitary state|unitary]] [[Semi-presidential system|semi-presidential]] [[republic]] with the [[Capital city|capital]] in [[Paris]], the country's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre. The [[Constitution of France]] establishes the state as [[La\u00efcit\u00e9|secular]] and democratic, with its sovereignty derived from the people.\n\nDuring the [[Iron Age]], what is now Metropolitan France was inhabited by the [[Gaul]]s, a [[Celts|Celtic]] people. The Gauls were conquered in 51 BC by the [[Roman Empire]], which held Gaul until 486. The [[Gallo-Romans]] were superseded by the [[Germanic peoples|Germanic]] [[Franks]], who formed the medieval [[Kingdom of France]]. France emerged as a major European power in the [[Late Middle Ages]], with its victory in the [[Hundred Years' War]] (1337 to 1453) strengthening [[state-building]] and the [[Unitary state|political centralization]]. During the [[French Renaissance|Renaissance]], France experienced a vast cultural development and established the beginning of a [[French colonial empire|global colonial empire]]. The 16th century was dominated by [[French Wars of Religion|religious civil wars]] between [[Roman Catholic Church|Catholics]] and [[Protestantism|Protestants]] ([[Huguenot]]s).\n\nFrance became Europe's dominant cultural, political, and military power under [[Louis XIV]].<ref>R.R. Palmer and Joel Colton, ''A History of the Modern World'' (5th ed. 1978), p. 161</ref> In the late 18th century, the [[French Revolution]] overthrew the [[absolute monarchy]], established one of modern history's earliest [[French First Republic|republics]], and saw the drafting of the ''[[Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen]]'', which expresses the nation's ideals to this day. [[Napoleon Bonaparte|Napoleon]] took power and launched the [[First French Empire]], whose subsequent [[Napoleonic Wars]] shaped the course of continental Europe. Following the collapse of the Empire, France endured a tumultuous succession of governments: the [[Bourbon Restoration|monarchy was restored]], it was replaced in 1830 by a [[July monarchy|constitutional monarchy]], then briefly by a [[French Second Republic|Second Republic]], and then by a [[Second French Empire|Second Empire]], until a more lasting [[French Third Republic]] was established in 1870.\n\nDuring the 19th and early 20th centuries, France possessed the [[French colonial empire|second-largest colonial empire]] in the world.<ref>{{cite book|editor=Hargreaves, Alan G.|title=Memory, Empire, and Postcolonialism: Legacies of French Colonialism|publisher=Lexington Books|year=2005|isbn=978-0-7391-0821-5|page=1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UX8aeX_Lbi4C&pg=PA1}}</ref> In [[World War I]], France was one of the victors as part of the [[Triple Entente]] alliance fighting against the [[Central Powers]]. France was also one of the [[Allies of World War II|Allied Powers]] in [[World War II]], but came under [[German military administration in occupied France during World War II|occupation]] by the [[Axis Powers]] in 1940. Following [[liberation of France|liberation]] in 1944, a [[French Fourth Republic|Fourth Republic]] was established and later dissolved in the course of the [[Algerian War]]. The [[French Fifth Republic|Fifth Republic]], led by [[Charles de Gaulle]], was formed in 1958 and remains to this day. Following World War II, most of the [[French colonial empire]] became [[decolonization|decolonized]].\n\nFrance has long been a global center of culture, making significant contributions to [[List of French artists and artistic movements|art]], [[List of French scientists|science]], and [[List of French philosophers|philosophy]]. It hosts Europe's [[List of World Heritage Sites in France|third-largest]] number of cultural [[UNESCO World Heritage Sites]] (after [[Italy]] and [[Spain]]) and receives around 83 million foreign tourists annually, the most of any country in the world.<ref name=\"tourism.stat\">{{cite web |publisher= United Nations World Tourism Organization |url=http://www.e-unwto.org/doi/pdf/10.18111/9789284416226 |title=UNWTO Highlights |accessdate=11 September 2013|format=PDF}}{{dead link|date=January 2014}}</ref> France remains a [[great power]] with significant [[Culture of France|cultural]], [[Economy of France|economic]], [[French Armed Forces|military]], and [[Foreign relations of France|political]] influence.<ref>Jack S. Levy, ''War in the Modern Great Power System, 1495\u20131975'', (2014) p. 29</ref> It is a [[developed country]] with the world's [[List of countries by GDP (nominal)|sixth-largest economy]] by [[nominal GDP]]<ref>{{cite web|title=GDP (current US$)|url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD?order=wbapi_data_value_2014+wbapi_data_value+wbapi_data_value-last&sort=desc|website=Data.worldbank.org|publisher=The World Bank Group|accessdate=1 November 2015}}</ref> and [[List of countries by GDP (PPP)|ninth-largest]] by [[purchasing power parity]].<ref name=\"data.worldbank.org\">{{cite web|title=GDP, PPP (current international $)|url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD?order=wbapi_data_value_2014+wbapi_data_value+wbapi_data_value-last&sort=desc|website=Data.worldbank.org|publisher=The World Bank Group|accessdate=1 November 2015}}</ref> According to ''Credit Suisse'', France is the fourth wealthiest nation in the world in terms of aggregate household wealth.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://piketty.pse.ens.fr/fichiers/enseig/ecoineg/EcoIneg_fichiers/DaviesShorrocks2010(CSGlobalWealthReport).pdf|title=Global Wealth Report|publisher=Credit Suisse|accessdate=27 October 2014|quote=\"In euro and USD terms, the total wealth of French households is very sizeable. Although it has just 1% of the world's adults, France ranks fourth among nations in aggregate household wealth&nbsp;\u2013 behind China and just ahead of Germany. Europe as a whole accounts for 35% of the individuals in the global top 1%, but France itself contributes a quarter of the European contingent.}}</ref> It also possesses the world's largest [[exclusive economic zone]] (EEZ), covering {{convert|11691000|km2|sqmi}}.<ref>Centre national de documentation p\u00e9dagogique, \"2011, ANN\u00c9E DES OUTRE-MER\" [http://www.cndp.fr/outre-mer/exposition/affiche/article/n-5-zee-zones-economiques-exclusives/]</ref>\n\nFrench citizens enjoy a high [[standard of living]], and the country performs well in [[International rankings of France|international rankings]] of [[Education Index|education]], [[Health care in France|health care]], [[List of countries by life expectancy|life expectancy]], civil liberties, and [[Human Development Index|human development]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.who.int/whr/2000/media_centre/press_release/en/ |title=World Health Organization Assesses the World's Health Systems |publisher=World Health Organization |date=8 December 2010 |accessdate=16 July 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/wpp2006/WPP2006_Highlights_rev.pdf |title=World Population Prospects&nbsp;\u2013 The 2006 Revision |format=PDF |accessdate=27 April 2010|publisher=UN}}</ref> France is a founding member of the [[United Nations]], where it serves as one of the five [[Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council|permanent members of the UN Security Council]]. It is a member of the [[G7|Group of 7]], [[NATO|North Atlantic Treaty Organization]] (NATO), [[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development]] (OECD), the [[World Trade Organization]] (WTO), and [[Organisation internationale de la Francophonie|La Francophonie]]. France is a [[Inner six|founding]] and [[Big Four (European Union)|leading]] [[member state of the European Union]] (EU).<ref name = superficy />"}]}}}}