# winston-elasticsearch

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An [elasticsearch](https://www.elastic.co/products/elasticsearch)
transport for the [winston](https://github.com/winstonjs/winston) logging toolkit.

## Features

- [logstash](https://www.elastic.co/products/logstash) compatible message structure.
- Thus consumable with [kibana](https://www.elastic.co/products/kibana).
- Date pattern based index names.
- Custom transformer function to transform logged data into a different message structure.

### Compatibility

For **Elasticsearch 5.0** and later, use the `0.5.x` series.
For earlier versions, use the `0.4.x` series.

### Unsupported / Todo

- Querying.
- Real buffering of messages in case of unavailable ES.

## Installation

```sh
npm install --save winston winston-elasticsearch
```

## Usage

```js
var winston = require('winston');
var Elasticsearch = require('winston-elasticsearch');

var esTransportOpts = {
  level: 'info'
};
winston.add(winston.transports.Elasticsearch, esTransportOpts);

// - or -

var logger = new winston.Logger({
  transports: [
    new Elasticsearch(esTransportOpts)
  ]
});
```

## Options

- `level` [`info`] Messages logged with a severity greater or equal to the given one are logged to ES; others are discarded.
- `index` [none] the index to be used. This option is mutually exclusive with `indexPrefix`.
- `indexPrefix` [`logs`] the prefix to use to generate the index name according to the pattern `<indexPrefix>-<indexSuffixPattern>`.
- `indexSuffixPattern` [`YYYY.MM.DD`] a [Moment.js](http://momentjs.com/) compatible date/ time pattern.
- `messageType` [`log`] the type (path segment after the index path) under which the messages are stored under the index.
- `transformer` [see below] a transformer function to transform logged data into a different message structure.
- `ensureMappingTemplate` [`true`] If set to `true`, the given `mappingTemplate` is checked/ uploaded to ES when the module is sending the fist log message to make sure the log messages are mapped in a sensible manner.
- `mappingTemplate` [see file `index-template-mapping.json` file] the mapping template to be ensured as parsed JSON.
- `flushInterval` [`2000`] distance between bulk writes in ms.
- `client` An [elasticsearch client](https://www.npmjs.com/package/elasticsearch) instance. If given, all following options are ignored.
- `clientOpts` An object hash passed to the ES client. See [its docs](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/client/javascript-api/current/configuration.html) for supported options.
- `waitForActiveShards` [`1`] Sets the number of shard copies that must be active before proceeding with the bulk operation.

## Important

When changing the `indexPrefix` and/ or the `transformer`,
make sure to provide a matching `mappingTemplate`.

## Transformer

The transformer function allows to transform the log data structure as provided
by winston into a sturcture more appropriate for indexing in ES.

The default transformer function's transformation is shwon below.

Input:

```js
{
  "message": "Some message",
  "level": "info",
  "meta": {
    "method": "GET",
    "url": "/sitemap.xml",
    ...
    }
  }
}
```

Output:

```js
{
  "@timestamp": "2015-09-30T05:09:08.282Z",
  "message": "Some message",
  "severity": "info",
  "fields": {
    "method": "GET",
    "url": "/sitemap.xml",
    ...
  }
}
```
The `@timestamp` is generated in the transformer.
Note that in current logstash versions, the only "standard fields" are @timestamp and @version,
anything else ist just free.

A custom trunsformer function can be provided in the options hash.

## Events

- `error`: in case of any error.

## Example

An example assuming default settings.

### Log Action

```js
logger.info('Some message', <req meta data>);
```

### Generated Message

The log message generated by this module has the following structure:

```js
{
  "@timestamp": "2015-09-30T05:09:08.282Z",
  "message": "Some log message",
  "severity": "info",
  "fields": {
    "method": "GET",
    "url": "/sitemap.xml",
    "headers": {
      "host": "www.example.com",
      "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Googlebot/2.1; +http://www.google.com/bot.html)",
      "accept": "*/*",
      "accept-encoding": "gzip,deflate",
      "from": "googlebot(at)googlebot.com",
      "if-modified-since": "Tue, 30 Sep 2015 11:34:56 GMT",
      "x-forwarded-for": "66.249.78.19"
    }
  }
}
```

### Target Index

This message would be POSTed to the following endpoint:

    http://localhost:9200/logs-2015.09.30/log/

So the default mapping uses an index pattern `logs-*`.