{
    "term": "affect",
    "partOfSpeech": "verb",
    "academic": true,
    "ox3000": true,
    "cefr": "a2",
    "verbForms": {
        "presentSimple": {
            "iYouWeThey": "affect",
            "heSheIt": "affects"
        },
        "pastSimple": "affected",
        "pastParticiple": "affected",
        "ingForm": "affecting"
    },
    "definitions": [
        {
            "senseNumber": 1,
            "definition": "to produce a change in somebody/something",
            "sensetop": "affect somebody/something",
            "cefr": "a2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "How will these changes affect us?"
                },
                {
                    "text": "The article deals with issues **affecting the lives** of children."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Thousands of people have been **adversely affected ***(= affected in a negative way)* by the decision."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The quality and health of the soil **directly affects** the quality and health of the plants."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Your opinion will not affect my decision."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The south of the country was worst affected by the drought."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Hopefully this will not affect the outcome of the talks."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Sales did not seem unduly affected."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The class structure affects people's attitudes and behaviour."
                },
                {
                    "text": "decisions that affect all our lives"
                },
                {
                    "text": "developments that are likely to affect the environment"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Education has been severely affected by the war."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The type of audience will affect what you say and how you say it."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["dramatically", "greatly", "materially"],
                "verb + affect": ["be likely to"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 2,
            "definition": "to attack somebody or a part of the body; to make somebody become ill",
            "sensetop": "affect somebody/something",
            "cefr": "a2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The disease is more likely to affect women than men."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The condition affects one in five women."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Rub the cream into the affected areas."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 3,
            "definition": "to make somebody feel very sad, sorry, etc. about somebody/something",
            "sensetop": "affect somebody",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "They were deeply affected by the news of her death."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Her death affected him deeply."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Try not to let his problems affect you too much."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["deeply", "profoundly"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 4,
            "definition": "to pretend to be feeling or thinking something",
            "sensetop": "affect somethingaffect to do something",
            "labels": "(formal)",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "She affected a calmness she did not feel.",
                    "contextForm": "affect something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "We are fascinated by the rich and powerful but often affect to despise them.",
                    "contextForm": "affect to do something"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 5,
            "definition": "to use or wear something that is intended to impress other people",
            "sensetop": "affect something",
            "labels": "(formal, disapproving)",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "I wish he wouldn't affect that ridiculous accent."
                }
            ],
            "synonyms": "put something  on"
        }
    ],
    "pronunciations": {
        "uk": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/əˈfekt/",
                "audio": "af/affect/affect__gb_3.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/əˈfekts/",
                "audio": "af/affect/affects__gb_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/əˈfektɪd/",
                "audio": "af/affect/affected__gb_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/əˈfektɪŋ/",
                "audio": "af/affect/affecting__gb_1.mp3"
            }
        ],
        "us": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/əˈfekt/",
                "audio": "af/affect/affect__us_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/əˈfekts/",
                "audio": "af/affect/affects__us_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/əˈfektɪd/",
                "audio": "af/affect/affected__us_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/əˈfektɪŋ/",
                "audio": "af/affect/affecting__us_1.mp3"
            }
        ]
    },
    "wordOrigin": "senses 1 to 3 late Middle English (in the sense ‘attack as a disease’): from French affecter or Latin affect- ‘influenced, affected’, from the verb afficere ‘work on, influence’, from ad- ‘at, to’ + facere ‘do’.senses 4 to 5 late Middle English: from French affecter or Latin affectare ‘aim at’, frequentative of afficere ‘work on, influence’, from ad- ‘at, to’ + facere ‘do’. The original sense was ‘like, love’, hence ‘(like to) use, assume, etc.’."
}