{
    "term": "bound",
    "partOfSpeech": "adjective",
    "ox5000": true,
    "cefr": "b2",
    "definitions": [
        {
            "senseNumber": 1,
            "definition": "certain or likely to happen, or to do or be something",
            "sensetop": "bound to do/be something",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "There are bound to be changes when the new system is introduced."
                },
                {
                    "text": "It's bound to be sunny again tomorrow."
                },
                {
                    "text": "You've done so much work—you're bound to pass the exam."
                },
                {
                    "text": "It was bound to happen sooner or later *(= we should have expected it)*."
                },
                {
                    "text": "These problems were almost bound to arise."
                },
                {
                    "text": "You're bound to be nervous the first time *(= it's easy to understand)*."
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Doubt, guessing and certainty"],
            "collocations": {
                "verbs": ["be", "seem"],
                "adverb": ["almost"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 2,
            "definition": "forced to do something by law, duty or a particular situation",
            "sensetop": "bound by somethingbound (by something) to do something",
            "labels": "(formal)",
            "cefr": "c1",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "We are not bound by the decision.",
                    "contextForm": "bound by something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "You are bound by the contract to pay before the end of the month."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I am **bound to say** I disagree with you on this point.",
                    "contextForm": "bound (by something) to do something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "They are legally bound to appear in court."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He was legally bound to report them to the authorities."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Officials are bound by law to investigate any possible fraud."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The president said the country could not be held bound by a treaty signed by the previous regime."
                },
                {
                    "text": "We are legally bound by this decision."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "verbs": ["be", "feel", "become"],
                "adverb": ["absolutely", "irrevocably", "by law"],
                "preposition": ["by"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 3,
            "definition": "prevented from going somewhere or from working normally by the conditions mentioned",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "Strike-bound travellers face long delays."
                },
                {
                    "text": "fogbound airports"
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "verbs": ["be"],
                "adverb": ["homeward", "outward"],
                "preposition": ["for"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 4,
            "definition": "travelling, or ready to travel, in a particular direction or to a particular place",
            "sensetop": "bound for…",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "homeward bound *(= going home)*"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Paris-bound"
                },
                {
                    "text": "**northbound/southbound/eastbound/westbound**"
                },
                {
                    "text": "a plane bound for Dublin",
                    "contextForm": "bound for…"
                },
                {
                    "text": "tourists who are bound for Europe"
                },
                {
                    "text": "college-bound high school students"
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "verbs": ["be"],
                "adverb": ["homeward", "outward"],
                "preposition": ["for"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to be closely connected",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "communities bound together by customs and traditions"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "very busy with something; very interested or involved in something",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "He's too bound up in his work to have much time for his children."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "very determined to do something",
            "labels": "(North American English)",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "I came here bound and determined to put the last 12 months behind me."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "closely connected with something",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "From that moment my life became inextricably bound up with hers."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to feel that you must do something because of your sense of moral duty",
            "labels": "(formal)",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "She felt honour-bound to attend as she had promised to."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He felt honour bound to help her."
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Permission and obligation"]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "I feel sure",
            "labels": "(old-fashioned, British English, informal)",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "They’re up to some mischief, I’ll be bound!"
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Doubt, guessing and certainty"]
        }
    ],
    "pronunciations": {
        "uk": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/baʊnd/",
                "audio": "bo/bound/bound__gb_3.mp3"
            }
        ],
        "us": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/baʊnd/",
                "audio": "bo/bound/bound__us_1.mp3"
            }
        ]
    },
    "wordOrigin": "adjective sense 4 Middle English boun (in the sense ‘ready, dressed’), from Old Norse búinn, past participle of búa ‘get ready’; the final -d is euphonic, or influenced by other adjective senses of bound."
}