{
    "term": "failure",
    "partOfSpeech": "noun",
    "ox3000": true,
    "cefr": "b2",
    "definitions": [
        {
            "senseNumber": 1,
            "definition": "lack of success in doing or achieving something",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The success or failure of the plan depends on you."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She is still coming to terms with the failure of her marriage."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The attempt was **doomed to failure**."
                },
                {
                    "text": "All my efforts **ended in failure**."
                },
                {
                    "text": "the problems of economic failure and increasing unemployment"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Their bid to win the contract resulted in **abject failure**."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The decision to withdraw funding represents a failure of imagination."
                },
                {
                    "text": "the intelligence failures that preceded the terrorist attacks"
                },
                {
                    "text": "All her efforts were doomed to failure."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Children who are doing badly tend to expect failure and criticism."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Fear of failure should not deter you from trying."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He attributes the failure of the project to lack of government support."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He was too proud to admit failure."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She wanted someone to blame for the failure of their relationship."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I will not tolerate failure."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Initial failure was followed by unexpected, if modest, success."
                },
                {
                    "text": "John had a long history of academic failure."
                },
                {
                    "text": "There is a high failure rate with this treatment."
                },
                {
                    "text": "War is the ultimate failure of public communication."
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Difficulty and failure"],
            "collocations": {
                "adjective": ["complete", "total", "abject"],
                "verb + failure": ["be doomed to", "end in", "result in"],
                "failure + noun": ["rate"],
                "phrases": [
                    "fear of failure",
                    "a history of failure",
                    "a possibility of failure"
                ]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 2,
            "definition": "a person or thing that is not successful",
            "sensetop": "failure as something",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The whole thing was a **complete failure**."
                },
                {
                    "text": "A team learns from experience, both successes and failures."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He was a failure as a teacher.",
                    "contextForm": "failure as something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Her ideas were large: if she could not succeed, she would at least be a heroic failure."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I felt (like) a complete failure."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The film was one of the rare failures in his career."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The venture proved a costly failure."
                },
                {
                    "text": "This breach constitutes a serious failure in performance."
                },
                {
                    "text": "failures arising from circumstances beyond your control"
                },
                {
                    "text": "to learn from past failures"
                },
                {
                    "text": "The project was considered a failure in both technical and economic terms."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The rebellion was a dismal failure."
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Difficulty and failure"],
            "collocations": {
                "adjective": ["big", "great", "serious"],
                "verb + failure": ["be", "represent", "prove"],
                "failure + verb": ["arise from something"],
                "preposition": ["failure of"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 3,
            "definition": "an act of not doing something, especially something that you are expected to do",
            "sensetop": "failure to do somethingfailure of somebody/something to do somethingfailure by somebody/something to do something",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "**Failure to comply with** the regulations will result in prosecution.",
                    "contextForm": "failure to do something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "the city's **failure to provide** an efficient public transport system"
                },
                {
                    "text": "the government's failure to carry out reforms in the energy sector"
                },
                {
                    "text": "His confession followed repeated failures to appear in court."
                },
                {
                    "text": "the failure of the United Nations to maintain food supplies",
                    "contextForm": "failure of somebody/something to do something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "a report on the failure by the police to protect her",
                    "contextForm": "failure by somebody/something to do something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Nothing can excuse your failure to ask my permission."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He lamented his failure to formulate a satisfactory theory."
                },
                {
                    "text": "government failure to listen to the voice of the electorate"
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adjective": ["fundamental", "general", "manifest"],
                "verb + failure": ["excuse", "justify", "constitute"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 4,
            "definition": "the state of not working correctly or as expected; an occasion when this happens",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "patients suffering from **heart/kidney/liver failure**"
                },
                {
                    "text": "renal/respiratory failure"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Production has been hampered by mechanical failure."
                },
                {
                    "text": "A **power failure** plunged everything into darkness."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The cause of the crash was given as engine failure."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Poor maintenance caused the failure of two electricity generators."
                },
                {
                    "text": "patients with chronic renal failure"
                },
                {
                    "text": "the commonest cause of acute liver failure"
                },
                {
                    "text": "The aircraft seems to have experienced an engine failure."
                },
                {
                    "text": "a failure in the computer system"
                },
                {
                    "text": "a rare viral infection that can lead to heart failure"
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adjective": ["mechanical", "structural", "technical"],
                "verb + failure": ["cause", "lead to", "result in"],
                "failure + verb": ["occur"],
                "preposition": ["failure in"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 5,
            "definition": "a situation in which a business has to close because it is not successful",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "There has been an alarming increase in business failures."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Are we going to see more closures or failures in the ISP business?"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Business failures rose by 30% in 2023."
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Business"],
            "collocations": {
                "adjective": ["mechanical", "structural", "technical"],
                "verb + failure": ["cause", "lead to", "result in"],
                "failure + verb": ["occur"],
                "preposition": ["failure in"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 6,
            "definition": "a situation in which crops do not grow correctly and do not produce food",
            "sensetop": "crop/harvest failure",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "Bad weather has resulted in crop failure."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adjective": ["mechanical", "structural", "technical"],
                "verb + failure": ["cause", "lead to", "result in"],
                "failure + verb": ["occur"],
                "preposition": ["failure in"]
            }
        }
    ],
    "pronunciations": {
        "uk": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈfeɪljə(r)/",
                "audio": "fa/failure/failure__gb_2.mp3"
            }
        ],
        "us": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈfeɪljər/",
                "audio": "fa/failure/failure__us_2.mp3"
            }
        ]
    },
    "wordOrigin": "mid 17th cent. (originally as failer, in the senses ‘non-occurrence’ and ‘stopping of supply’): from Anglo-Norman French failer for Old French faillir, based on Latin fallere ‘deceive’."
}