{
    "term": "file",
    "partOfSpeech": "noun",
    "academic": true,
    "ox3000": true,
    "cefr": "b1",
    "image": "data/images/st/stationery.png",
    "definitions": [
        {
            "senseNumber": 1,
            "definition": "a box or folded piece of card for keeping loose papers together and in order",
            "sensetop": "in a file",
            "cefr": "b1",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "a box file"
                },
                {
                    "text": "A stack of files awaited me on my desk."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I keep paper copies of all my invoices in this file.",
                    "contextForm": "in a file"
                },
                {
                    "text": "She closed the file and put it aside."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She went to the filing cabinet and took out a file."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Some files and papers were taken away by the investigators."
                },
                {
                    "text": "In those days, most of us were perfectly happy to keep contact information in desktop card files."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Previously all reports were held in paper files."
                },
                {
                    "text": "six box files bulging with notes"
                },
                {
                    "text": "He brings out a cardboard file full of photographs."
                },
                {
                    "text": "a lever arch file"
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Working life"],
            "collocations": {
                "adjective": ["bulging", "bulky", "thick"],
                "… of files": ["box", "stack"],
                "verb + file": ["have", "keep", "maintain"],
                "file + verb": ["contain something"],
                "file + noun": ["cabinet", "drawer", "folder"],
                "preposition": ["in a/​the file", "on file", "file on"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 2,
            "definition": "a collection of information stored together in a computer, under a particular name",
            "cefr": "b1",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "to **create/delete/download/upload a file**"
                },
                {
                    "text": "to **open/access/copy/save a file**"
                },
                {
                    "text": "a/an **PDF/audio/text/image file**"
                },
                {
                    "text": "The service converts **video files** from one format to another."
                },
                {
                    "text": "You can transfer and edit files on your smartphone."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The media player supports a wide variety of **file formats**."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Working online eliminates the need to download massive files before working on them."
                },
                {
                    "text": "This feature lets you upload video files to the app."
                },
                {
                    "text": "You can drag and drop files onto your desktop."
                },
                {
                    "text": "All you need to do is unzip the file into a folder."
                },
                {
                    "text": "All these files are stored in the same folder."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Delete temporary files and folders."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Send your application as a PDF file via email."
                },
                {
                    "text": "music files stored on USB"
                },
                {
                    "text": "You can open, save and convert PowerPoint files."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The app is great for accessing files stored in the cloud."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Right-click a file, series of files, or a folder and select ‘Compress’."
                },
                {
                    "text": "how to recover deleted files"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Data has been deleted from this file."
                },
                {
                    "text": "to create a backup file"
                },
                {
                    "text": "You need a special password to access this file."
                },
                {
                    "text": "This is a must for fast file transfers."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The sync time from your local folder to the cloud depends on file size."
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Computers"],
            "collocations": {
                "adjective": ["large", "computer", "digital"],
                "… of files": ["directory", "list", "set"],
                "verb + file": ["create", "download", "upload"],
                "file + verb": ["contain something"],
                "file + noun": ["name", "format", "size"],
                "preposition": ["in a/​the file"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 3,
            "definition": "a file and the information it contains, for example about a particular person or subject",
            "sensetop": "on filefile on somebody",
            "cefr": "b1",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The film is based on real FBI case files."
                },
                {
                    "text": "secret police files"
                },
                {
                    "text": "I made a note in his personal file."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Your application will be kept on file *(= in a file, to be used later)*.",
                    "contextForm": "on file"
                },
                {
                    "text": "to have/open/keep a confidential file on somebody",
                    "contextForm": "file on somebody"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Police have reopened the file *(= have started collecting information again)* on the missing girl."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He had compiled a file of largely circumstantial evidence."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I'll check the files for any information on the case."
                },
                {
                    "text": "It is important to update customer files."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Personnel files are kept in secure storage."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She was threatened with the placement of a disciplinary letter in her personnel file."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The company keeps secret files on all its employees."
                },
                {
                    "text": "All the details of the transaction are on file."
                },
                {
                    "text": "They had it on file that he'd applied for a loan."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The company has more than 4,000 experts on file who can be consulted depending on a client's requirements."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The details of the incident will be entered into the file."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The file on the murder was closed five years ago."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The police already have a thick file on that family."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The work involves preparing case files and attending court."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Henry was a victim of so much abuse that it actually brought tears to my eyes when reading his case file."
                },
                {
                    "text": "A file on the incident was sent to the Director of Public Prosecutions."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He thought they were monitoring his emails, building a file on him."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She discovered the KGB had a file on her."
                },
                {
                    "text": "the information contained in the police files"
                },
                {
                    "text": "the information held in this file"
                },
                {
                    "text": "The police were accused of keeping secret files on political activists."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Confidential files on clients are kept for a maximum of three years."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He had prepared a file containing all the evidence."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Exactly what information is kept in these files?"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Hospitals would not allow patients access to their own case files."
                },
                {
                    "text": "It's all in your medical files."
                },
                {
                    "text": "According to intelligence files, he was suspected of being a spy."
                },
                {
                    "text": "According to my files, this invoice has not been paid."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Please add this document to your files."
                },
                {
                    "text": "It's important to update your files regularly."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Some of the files had gone missing."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adjective": ["bulging", "bulky", "thick"],
                "… of files": ["box", "stack"],
                "verb + file": ["have", "keep", "maintain"],
                "file + verb": ["contain something"],
                "file + noun": ["cabinet", "drawer", "folder"],
                "preposition": ["in a/​the file", "on file", "file on"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 4,
            "definition": "a number of issues and responsibilities connected with a particular government policy area",
            "labels": "(Canadian English)",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The politician's handling of flood, infrastructure and education files has been questioned."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 5,
            "definition": "a metal tool with a rough surface for cutting or shaping hard substances or for making them smooth",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "Use a file to smooth the edge."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 6,
            "definition": "a line of people or things, one behind the other",
            "sensetop": "in file",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "They set off in file behind the teacher.",
                    "contextForm": "in file"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "(in) one line, one behind the other",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "They made their way in single file along the cliff path."
                }
            ]
        }
    ],
    "pronunciations": {
        "uk": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/faɪl/",
                "audio": "fi/file/file__gb_1.mp3"
            }
        ],
        "us": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/faɪl/",
                "audio": "fi/file/file__us_1.mp3"
            }
        ]
    },
    "wordOrigin": "noun senses 1 to 3 late Middle English (as a verb meaning ‘string documents on a thread or wire to keep them in order’): from French filer ‘to string’, fil ‘a thread’, both from Latin filum ‘a thread’. Compare with file ‘line’. noun sense 5 late 16th cent.: from French file, from filer ‘to string’. noun sense 4 Old English fīl, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch vijl and German Feile."
}