{
    "term": "necessity",
    "partOfSpeech": "noun",
    "ox5000": true,
    "cefr": "b2",
    "definitions": [
        {
            "senseNumber": 1,
            "definition": "the fact that something must happen or be done; the need for something",
            "sensetop": "necessity for somethingnecessity of (doing) somethingnecessity (for somebody) to do somethingof necessityout of necessity",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "We recognize the necessity for a written agreement.",
                    "contextForm": "necessity for something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "We were discussing the necessity of employing more staff.",
                    "contextForm": "necessity of (doing) something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "There had never been any necessity for her to go out to work.",
                    "contextForm": "necessity (for somebody) to do something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "There is absolutely no necessity for you to be involved."
                },
                {
                    "text": "This is, of necessity, a brief and incomplete account.",
                    "contextForm": "of necessity"
                },
                {
                    "text": "He is changing job out of necessity, not because he particularly wants to.",
                    "contextForm": "out of necessity"
                },
                {
                    "text": "These animals don't like water but will swim if the necessity arises."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Culling of the animals was born out of the necessity for successful conservation."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Driven by financial necessity, she decided to give up her writing career."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I've never felt the necessity to rely on such a strict rule."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Most disputes can be resolved without the necessity of going to court."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Most of the women are forced, through economic necessity, to work in part-time low-paid jobs."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Mrs R has been spared the necessity of having to give evidence."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Necessity forced an urgent solution."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Observers stressed the necessity for the ceasefire to be observed."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She saw the necessity to make an immediate impression on him."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The company sees no necessity for a more cautious approach to investment."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The visit will, of necessity, be brief."
                },
                {
                    "text": "There's no necessity for you to come."
                },
                {
                    "text": "They have accepted the necessity of greater state intervention."
                },
                {
                    "text": "This rule is carried no farther than necessity requires."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Where necessity demands, we can seat more guests in the gallery."
                },
                {
                    "text": "You can dial direct without the necessity of going through the operator."
                },
                {
                    "text": "the necessity to earn a living"
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Permission and obligation"],
            "collocations": {
                "adjective": ["absolute", "fundamental", "sheer"],
                "verb + necessity": ["become", "recognize", "see"],
                "necessity + verb": [
                    "arise",
                    "dictate (something)",
                    "require (something)"
                ],
                "preposition": [
                    "of necessity",
                    "out of necessity",
                    "through necessity"
                ],
                "phrases": ["any necessity", "no necessity"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 2,
            "definition": "a thing that you must have and cannot manage without",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "Many people cannot even afford **basic necessities** such as food and clothing."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Air-conditioning is an absolute necessity in this climate."
                },
                {
                    "text": "They have nothing but the barest necessities."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The people in the rural areas use mud bricks only as an immediate, practical necessity."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Sleep is an absolute necessity for life."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Food is a necessity of life."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He argued that nuclear weapons were a political necessity."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Policies which address these issues are an urgent necessity."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adjective": ["absolute", "vital", "real"],
                "verb + necessity": ["have", "lack"],
                "phrases": ["a necessity of life"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 3,
            "definition": "a situation that must happen and that cannot be avoided",
            "cefr": "c1",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "Living in London, he felt, was an unfortunate necessity."
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Permission and obligation"],
            "collocations": {
                "adjective": ["absolute", "fundamental", "sheer"],
                "verb + necessity": ["become", "recognize", "see"],
                "necessity + verb": [
                    "arise",
                    "dictate (something)",
                    "require (something)"
                ],
                "preposition": [
                    "of necessity",
                    "out of necessity",
                    "through necessity"
                ],
                "phrases": ["any necessity", "no necessity"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to manage to gain an advantage from something that you have to do and cannot avoid",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "She decided to make a virtue of necessity and combined a business trip to Paris with a visit to her cousins there."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "a difficult new problem forces people to think of a solution to it",
            "labels": "(saying)",
            "examples": []
        }
    ],
    "pronunciations": {
        "uk": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/nəˈsesəti/",
                "audio": "ne/necessity/necessity__gb_1.mp3"
            }
        ],
        "us": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/nəˈsesəti/",
                "audio": "ne/necessity/necessity__us_1.mp3"
            }
        ]
    },
    "wordOrigin": "late Middle English: from Old French necessite, from Latin necessitas, from necesse ‘be needful’."
}