{
    "term": "operation",
    "partOfSpeech": "noun",
    "ox3000": true,
    "cefr": "b1",
    "definitions": [
        {
            "senseNumber": 1,
            "definition": "the process of cutting open a part of a person’s body in order to remove or repair a damaged part",
            "sensetop": "operation to do somethingoperation on somebody/something (to do something)operation for something",
            "labels": "also British English, informal(British English)(informal)(British English)(North American English)(British English)(British English)(British English)(British English)(North American English)(British English)(North American English)(British English)(British English)(British English)(North American English)(British English)(British English)",
            "cefr": "b1",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "Will I need to **have an operation**?"
                },
                {
                    "text": "He **underwent** a three-hour heart **operation**."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He had an operation to remove a growth.",
                    "contextForm": "operation to do something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "an operation on her lung to remove a tumour",
                    "contextForm": "operation on somebody/something (to do something)"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Doctors **performed an** emergency **operation** for appendicitis last night.",
                    "contextForm": "operation for something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "We met the surgeon who performed the operation."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Robots can perform surgical operations on humans."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She came through the operation very well."
                },
                {
                    "text": "a delicate eye operation"
                },
                {
                    "text": "an operation for a kidney problem"
                },
                {
                    "text": "In 1942, she underwent an operation for a brain tumor."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She had to have an operation on her knee to help her walk again."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The player needed another operation on his injured knee."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Following two major operations for duodenal cancer, he was confined to bed or a wheelchair."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He is fit and well despite a major heart operation two years ago."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He was concerned about the effect of cancelled operations on patients who had waited a long time for surgery."
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Healthcare"],
            "collocations": {
                "adjective": ["major", "minor", "small"],
                "verb + operation": ["have", "undergo", "come through"],
                "preposition": [
                    "during a/​the operation",
                    "operation for",
                    "operation on"
                ]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 2,
            "definition": "an organized activity that involves several people",
            "sensetop": "operation against somebody/something",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "Weather conditions were too bad to mount a **rescue operation**."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The authorities launched a massive **security operation** in the city."
                },
                {
                    "text": "It was a **covert** government **operation** sanctioned by the President himself."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The police have **launched** a major **operation** against drug suppliers.",
                    "contextForm": "operation against somebody/something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "the UN **peacekeeping operations**"
                },
                {
                    "text": "A huge rescue operation was launched after two divers were reported missing."
                },
                {
                    "text": "An ambitious clean-up operation followed the oil spill."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The countries have conducted joint anti-terrorist operations."
                },
                {
                    "text": "They were caught as a result of a surveillance operation."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The council said funds will be available for relief operations."
                },
                {
                    "text": "A criminal gang is thought to be behind the operation."
                },
                {
                    "text": "This was a lengthy and complicated operation, which drew on all the specialist skills of our officers."
                },
                {
                    "text": "It was a tricky operation to get all the barrels safely down on to the road."
                },
                {
                    "text": "For anybody to move 380 tons of material, that would be quite an operation."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adjective": ["big", "large-scale", "major"],
                "verb + operation": ["begin", "launch", "mount"],
                "preposition": ["during a/​the operation"],
                "phrases": ["a theatre/​theater of operations"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 3,
            "definition": "a business or company, usually one that involves many parts",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "a huge multinational operation"
                },
                {
                    "text": "He runs a successful dairy operation."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The venture will be set up as a 70%–30% **joint operation**."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Network Computing Inc. plans to open a UK operation in Britain next year."
                },
                {
                    "text": "They could not pledge long-term commitment to the Scottish manufacturing operation."
                },
                {
                    "text": "It's difficult for smaller independent operations to compete."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Today the co-op is a highly successful operation with a growing membership."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I have no desire to expand my operation."
                },
                {
                    "text": "By his mid-teens he was overseeing a local drug operation that brought in over $5 000 a day."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The magazine was set up and funded as a joint operation by British Intelligence and the CIA."
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Business"],
            "collocations": {
                "adjective": ["big", "large-scale", "major"],
                "verb + operation": ["begin", "launch", "mount"],
                "preposition": ["during a/​the operation"],
                "phrases": ["a theatre/​theater of operations"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 4,
            "definition": "the activity or work done in a company, or in an area of business or industry",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The firm is looking to **expand its operations** overseas."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The company announced it would **cease operations**."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The directors are not involved in **day-to-day operations** of the business."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The airline has appointed a new director of flight operations."
                },
                {
                    "text": "restrictions placed on business operations"
                },
                {
                    "text": "One of the aims of the merger was to develop joint investment banking operations."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The company has commenced new mining operations in Zambia."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The company decided to eliminate its unprofitable manufacturing operations."
                },
                {
                    "text": "software tools for planning, distribution, order management, and retail operations"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Many companies are transferring manufacturing operations to lower-cost countries."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She was executive vice president of business operations."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The company applied for a federal permit to expand its operations."
                },
                {
                    "text": "David Thicke will oversee operations at the new warehouse."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The business was forced to suspend operations due to water damage."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The Financial Services Authority ordered the bank to suspend some operations for six months."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The plant resumed operations after a two-week closure."
                },
                {
                    "text": "They will continue operations as separate companies."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The company's trading operations relied heavily on complicated transactions."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The publisher will continue its web operations."
                },
                {
                    "text": "It is understood that the new hedge fund has not commenced operations, but it is raising funds for investments."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Retailers look for ways to streamline their operations and improve efficiency."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The hurricane disrupted operations at refineries along the Gulf Coast."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Many small businesses finance their operations by credit card."
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Business"],
            "collocations": {
                "adjective": ["big", "large-scale", "major"],
                "verb + operation": ["begin", "launch", "mount"],
                "preposition": ["during a/​the operation"],
                "phrases": ["a theatre/​theater of operations"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 5,
            "definition": "the department in a company that manages the way it produces goods or delivers services and makes sure its business practices are efficient",
            "labels": "informal",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "He works in operations."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 6,
            "definition": "an act performed by a machine, especially a computer",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The whole **operation is performed** in less than three seconds."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Use the new Smart Feature Manager to extract multiple features in a single operation."
                },
                {
                    "text": "One of our application servers currently requires 3 passwords just for one simple operation."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The application is designed to perform advanced file search operations on your computer."
                },
                {
                    "text": "People can apply for benefits and perform other operations from their home computers."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The staff didn't seem to know how to perform simple operations at the till."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The hire cost for equipment is estimated according to the average number of times a particular operation is performed."
                },
                {
                    "text": "To continue normal operations, both of the two firewalls must agree conditions are safe."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Docking stations allow the laptop to be detached with a single operation."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The phone boasts the very latest chip which delivers exceptional operation times."
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Computers"]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 7,
            "definition": "the way that parts of a machine or a system work; the process of making something work",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "Regular servicing guarantees the smooth operation of the engine."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Operation of the device is extremely simple."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Competition is central to the operation of markets."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The machine can get very hot during operation."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Serious injuries can result from unsafe operation of this vehicle."
                },
                {
                    "text": "As a student he did intensive research into the design and operation of fusion reactors."
                },
                {
                    "text": "We found this ventilation device best with regards to ease of maintenance and operation."
                },
                {
                    "text": "A touch screen can greatly simplify day-to-day operation of these complex devices."
                },
                {
                    "text": "a long-lasting lamp with an operation time of up to 6 000 hours"
                },
                {
                    "text": "The law can and should constrain the operation of the free market."
                },
                {
                    "text": "measures to improve the operation of the linked exchange rate system"
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adjective": ["effective", "efficient", "smooth"],
                "verb + operation": [
                    "come into",
                    "bring something into",
                    "put something into"
                ],
                "preposition": ["during operation", "in operation"],
                "phrases": ["in full operation", "into full operation"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 8,
            "definition": "the action of functioning; the fact of being used or active or having an effect",
            "sensetop": "in operationinto operation",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The factory will **cease operation** at the end of the year."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The system has been in operation for six months.",
                    "contextForm": "in operation"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Temporary traffic controls are in operation on New Road."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The new rules **come into operation** from next week.",
                    "contextForm": "into operation"
                },
                {
                    "text": "It's time to **put** our plan **into operation**."
                },
                {
                    "text": "the only reactor in full operation"
                },
                {
                    "text": "the smooth day-to-day operation of the department"
                },
                {
                    "text": "To reduce the target would disrupt the operation of money market mutual funds."
                },
                {
                    "text": "This is an example of the operation of the economic laws of supply and demand."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 9,
            "definition": "military activity",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "joint **military/combat operations**"
                },
                {
                    "text": "US forces **conducted** ground and air **operations**."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He was the officer in charge of operations."
                },
                {
                    "text": "UN troops supervised the relief operations."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adjective": ["big", "large-scale", "major"],
                "verb + operation": ["begin", "launch", "mount"],
                "preposition": ["during a/​the operation"],
                "phrases": ["a theatre/​theater of operations"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 10,
            "definition": "a process in which a number or quantity is changed by adding, multiplying, etc.",
            "examples": []
        }
    ],
    "pronunciations": {
        "uk": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˌɒpəˈreɪʃn/",
                "audio": "op/operation/operation__gb_1.mp3"
            }
        ],
        "us": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˌɑːpəˈreɪʃn/",
                "audio": "op/operation/operation__us_2.mp3"
            }
        ]
    },
    "wordOrigin": "late Middle English: via Old French from Latin operatio(n-), from the verb operari ‘expend labour on’, from opus, oper- ‘work’."
}