{
    "term": "penalize",
    "partOfSpeech": "verb",
    "verbForms": {
        "presentSimple": {
            "iYouWeThey": "penalize",
            "heSheIt": "penalizes"
        },
        "pastSimple": "penalized",
        "pastParticiple": "penalized",
        "ingForm": "penalizing"
    },
    "definitions": [
        {
            "senseNumber": 1,
            "definition": "to punish somebody for breaking a rule or law by making them suffer a disadvantage",
            "sensetop": "penalize somebody (for something)",
            "cefr": "c1",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "You will be penalized for poor spelling."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Students will be penalized for mistakes in spelling and grammar."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The law is designed to reward those who conserve and penalize those who pollute."
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Crime and punishment"],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["heavily", "severely", "unfairly"],
                "preposition": ["for"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 2,
            "definition": "to punish somebody for breaking a rule in a sport or game by giving an advantage to their opponent",
            "sensetop": "penalize somebody (for something)penalize something",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "He was penalized for time-wasting.",
                    "contextForm": "penalize somebody (for something)"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Foul play will be severely penalized.",
                    "contextForm": "penalize something"
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["heavily", "severely", "unfairly"],
                "preposition": ["for"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 3,
            "definition": "to put somebody at a disadvantage by treating them unfairly",
            "sensetop": "penalize somebody",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The new law appears to penalize the poorest members of society."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He felt penalized because of his age."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He claims that he was unfairly penalized."
                },
                {
                    "text": "It is wrong for women to be financially penalized when they have children."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Under the tax, each adult in the household had to pay, which penalized larger families."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Will he be penalized for absence due to ill health?"
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["heavily", "severely", "unfairly"],
                "preposition": ["for"]
            }
        }
    ],
    "pronunciations": {
        "uk": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈpiːnəlaɪz/",
                "audio": "pe/penalize/penalize__gb_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈpiːnəlaɪzɪz/",
                "audio": "pe/penalize/penalizes__gb_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈpiːnəlaɪzd/",
                "audio": "pe/penalize/penalized__gb_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈpiːnəlaɪzɪŋ/",
                "audio": "pe/penalize/penalizing__gb_1.mp3"
            }
        ],
        "us": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈpiːnəlaɪz/",
                "audio": "pe/penalize/penalize__us_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈpiːnəlaɪzɪz/",
                "audio": "pe/penalize/penalizes__us_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈpiːnəlaɪzd/",
                "audio": "pe/penalize/penalized__us_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈpiːnəlaɪzɪŋ/",
                "audio": "pe/penalize/penalizing__us_1.mp3"
            }
        ]
    },
    "wordOrigin": null
}