{
    "term": "presence",
    "partOfSpeech": "noun",
    "ox3000": true,
    "cefr": "b2",
    "definitions": [
        {
            "senseNumber": 1,
            "definition": "the fact of being in a particular place",
            "sensetop": "in the presence of somebody",
            "labels": "(formal)",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "He hardly seemed to notice my presence."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Her presence during the crisis had a calming effect."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Your presence is requested at the meeting."
                },
                {
                    "text": "They married in the presence of their family members.",
                    "contextForm": "in the presence of somebody"
                },
                {
                    "text": "He acknowledged our presence with a nod of his head."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Her comforting presence made him feel safe."
                },
                {
                    "text": "How nice of you to grace us with your presence!"
                },
                {
                    "text": "I could see no signs of human presence."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The King requested our presence this morning."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The mere presence of children in the room is enough to upset him."
                },
                {
                    "text": "the physical presence of actors among the audience"
                },
                {
                    "text": "The nuisance was her younger sister's continued presence."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adjective": ["mere", "constant", "continued"],
                "verb + presence": ["indicate", "reveal", "show"],
                "preposition": ["in somebody’s presence"],
                "phrases": ["make your presence felt", "make your presence known"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 2,
            "definition": "the fact of being in a particular place or thing",
            "sensetop": "presence of something",
            "labels": "(figurative)",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The test can identify the presence of abnormalities in the unborn child.",
                    "contextForm": "presence of something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "One of the first things I note when I walk into a client's home is the **presence or absence** of pictures around the room."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The company now **has a strong presence** in Germany."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Tests confirmed the presence of the disease."
                },
                {
                    "text": "These chemicals could indicate the presence of water on the planet."
                },
                {
                    "text": "the overwhelming presence of the church in daily lives"
                },
                {
                    "text": "The company plans to expand its presence in emerging markets."
                },
                {
                    "text": "a small business that doesn't have a Web presence"
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adjective": ["mere", "constant", "continued"],
                "verb + presence": ["indicate", "reveal", "show"],
                "preposition": ["in somebody’s presence"],
                "phrases": ["make your presence felt", "make your presence known"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 3,
            "definition": "a group of people, especially soldiers, who have been sent to a place to deal with a particular situation",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The government is maintaining a heavy police presence in the area."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The United States has a substantial military presence in the country."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The army maintains a constant presence in the area."
                },
                {
                    "text": "There was a strong police presence throughout the demonstration."
                },
                {
                    "text": "the visible presence of campus security"
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adjective": ["constant", "continuing", "permanent"],
                "verb + presence": ["have", "maintain"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 4,
            "definition": "a person or spirit that you cannot see but that you feel is near",
            "labels": "(literary)",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "She felt a presence behind her."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Flame has always symbolized a divine presence."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I felt as though there was some ghostly presence in the room."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She sensed an evil presence, and it was growing stronger."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adjective": ["alien", "ghostly", "divine"],
                "verb + presence": ["feel", "sense"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 5,
            "definition": "the quality of making a strong impression on other people by the way you talk or behave; a person who has this quality",
            "labels": "(approving)",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "a man of great presence"
                },
                {
                    "text": "She has a strong voice but absolutely no **stage presence**."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She has a great **screen presence**."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He remained a dominant presence in the art world."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He had a commanding presence in meetings."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She was a formidable presence on the set."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He was still an intimidating presence."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adjective": ["charismatic", "commanding", "dominating"],
                "verb + presence": ["have"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "with somebody in the same place",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The document was signed in the presence of two witnesses."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She asked them not to discuss the matter in her presence."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He should never have made those remarks in your presence."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "when something exists in a particular place",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "Litmus paper turns red in the presence of an acid."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to do something to make people very aware of the fact that you are there; to have a strong influence on a group of people or a situation",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "She’s only been here a couple of weeks but she is already making her presence felt."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He certainly made his presence felt in the boardroom."
                }
            ]
        }
    ],
    "pronunciations": {
        "uk": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈprezns/",
                "audio": "pr/presence/presence__gb_1.mp3"
            }
        ],
        "us": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈprezns/",
                "audio": "pr/presence/presence__us_2.mp3"
            }
        ]
    },
    "wordOrigin": "Middle English: via Old French from Latin praesentia ‘being at hand’, from the verb praeesse, from prae ‘before’ + esse ‘be’."
}