{
    "term": "push",
    "partOfSpeech": "verb",
    "ox3000": true,
    "cefr": "a2",
    "verbForms": {
        "presentSimple": {
            "iYouWeThey": "push",
            "heSheIt": "pushes"
        },
        "pastSimple": "pushed",
        "pastParticiple": "pushed",
        "ingForm": "pushing"
    },
    "definitions": [
        {
            "senseNumber": 1,
            "definition": "to use your hands, arms or body in order to make somebody/something move forward or away from you; to move part of your body into a particular position",
            "sensetop": "push at somethingpush somebody/somethingpush somebody/something + adv./prep.push something + adj.",
            "cefr": "a2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "We pushed and pushed but the piano wouldn't move."
                },
                {
                    "text": "**Push hard** when I tell you to."
                },
                {
                    "text": "You push and I'll pull."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She pushed at the door but it wouldn't budge.",
                    "contextForm": "push at something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "He walked slowly up the hill pushing his bike.",
                    "contextForm": "push somebody/something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Somebody pushed me and I fell over."
                },
                {
                    "text": "When you push the gate, it doesn't open."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She pushed the cup towards me.",
                    "contextForm": "push somebody/something + adv./prep."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He pushed his chair back and stood up."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I tried to hug him but he pushed me away."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She pushed her face towards him."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I pushed the door open.",
                    "contextForm": "push something + adj."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He pushed me roughly out of the door."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She found a note pushed under the door."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He was deliberately pushed into the path of the vehicle."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Jack flung himself at Steve, but he simply pushed him away."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She leaned on the box and pushed it aside."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Protesters had been pushed violently to the ground."
                },
                {
                    "text": "They pushed the two desks together."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Ellie stood up, pushing her plate away."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I pushed the key into the lock."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The doctor pushed a needle into my arm."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["firmly", "hard", "angrily"],
                "verb + push": ["try to", "manage to", "begin to"],
                "preposition": ["against", "at", "out of"],
                "phrases": ["push something open", "push something shut"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 2,
            "definition": "to use force to move past somebody/something using your hands, arms, etc.",
            "sensetop": "push + adv./prep.push your way + adv./prep.",
            "cefr": "a2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "People were **pushing and shoving** to get to the front."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The fans pushed against the barrier.",
                    "contextForm": "push + adv./prep."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Try and push your way through the crowd.",
                    "contextForm": "push your way + adv./prep."
                },
                {
                    "text": "A man pushed his way to the front of the crowd."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She pushed blindly past him and made for the door."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Please don't push in front of other customers."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["firmly", "hard", "angrily"],
                "verb + push": ["try to", "manage to", "begin to"],
                "preposition": ["against", "at", "out of"],
                "phrases": ["push something open", "push something shut"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 3,
            "definition": "to press a switch, button, etc., for example in order to make a machine start working",
            "sensetop": "push something",
            "cefr": "a2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "I **pushed the button** for the top floor."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The operator must have accidentally pushed the switch on the joystick."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She pushed a lever and the machine responded."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Push the red button to open the doors."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 4,
            "definition": "to affect something so that it reaches a particular level or state",
            "sensetop": "push something + adv./prep.",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "This development could push the country into recession."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The rise in interest rates will **push prices up**."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Little pent-up demand exists to push the economy forward this year."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The surplus has helped push world prices to as little as 55 euros per tonne."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Such a huge population increase will continue to push food prices higher."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Rising inflation pushes down real interest rates."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 5,
            "definition": "to persuade or encourage somebody to do something that they may not want to do",
            "sensetop": "push somebody into somethingpush somebody into doing somethingpush somebody to do something",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "He made it clear that he would resist any attempt to push him into early retirement.",
                    "contextForm": "push somebody into something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "My teacher pushed me into entering the competition.",
                    "contextForm": "push somebody into doing something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "No one pushed you to take the job, did they?",
                    "contextForm": "push somebody to do something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Her parents pushed her into accepting the job."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She claimed she had been pushed into posing for the photographs."
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Discussion and agreement"],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["aggressively", "hard", "too far"],
                "preposition": ["into", "for"],
                "phrases": ["push somebody/​yourself to the limit"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 6,
            "definition": "to make somebody work hard",
            "sensetop": "push somebody/yourself",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The music teacher really pushes her pupils."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Lucy should push herself a little harder."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He keeps pushing himself to get better."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["aggressively", "hard", "too far"],
                "preposition": ["into", "for"],
                "phrases": ["push somebody/​yourself to the limit"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 7,
            "definition": "to put pressure on somebody and make them angry or upset",
            "sensetop": "push somebody (+ adv./prep.)",
            "labels": "(informal)",
            "cefr": "c1",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "Her parents are very tolerant, but sometimes she pushes them too far."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He felt he was being pushed to the limit of his self-control."
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Feelings"],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["aggressively", "hard", "too far"],
                "preposition": ["into", "for"],
                "phrases": ["push somebody/​yourself to the limit"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 8,
            "definition": "to try hard to persuade people to accept or agree with a new idea, buy a new product, etc.",
            "sensetop": "push something",
            "labels": "(informal)",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The interview gave him a chance to push his latest movie."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She didn't want to **push the point** any further at that moment."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He continues to **push** his own political **agenda**."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Sales promotion is designed to push certain products."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The two governments are pushing for economic reform in the region."
                },
                {
                    "text": "They're pushing hard for a ban on GM foods."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 9,
            "definition": "to sell illegal drugs",
            "sensetop": "push something",
            "labels": "(informal)",
            "cefr": "c2",
            "examples": [],
            "topics": ["Crime and punishment"]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 10,
            "definition": "to move forward quickly through an area",
            "sensetop": "+ adv./prep.",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The army pushed (on) towards the capital."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to be nearly 40, 50, etc. years old",
            "labels": "(informal)",
            "examples": []
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to be dead and buried in the ground",
            "labels": "(old-fashioned, humorous)",
            "examples": []
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to react in a sudden or extreme way to something unexpected that has frightened you",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The prime minister pressed the panic button yesterday as Britain’s economy plunged deeper into crisis."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to do exactly the right things to please somebody",
            "labels": "(informal)",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "a new satirical comedy show that pushes all the right buttons"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to spend a lot of money on enjoying yourself or celebrating something",
            "labels": "(British English, informal)",
            "examples": [],
            "synonyms": "splash out"
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to attempt to go beyond what is allowed or thought to be possible",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "We aim to push the boundaries of what we can achieve."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She pushes her physical limits through various endurance challenges."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to go beyond the limits of what is allowed or thought to be possible",
            "labels": "(informal)",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "He is a performer who consistently pushes the envelope of TV comedy."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to take a risk because you have successfully avoided problems in the past",
            "labels": "(informal)",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "You didn't get caught last time, but don't push your luck!"
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Danger"]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to force somebody to lose control of their behaviour, usually after a particular event or series of events",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "No one knows exactly what caused his breakdown, but losing his job may have pushed him over the edge."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to react in a sudden or extreme way to something unexpected that has frightened you",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The prime minister pushed the panic button yesterday as Britain's economy plunged deeper into crisis."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to try to forget about something unpleasant",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "I tried to push the thought to the back of my mind."
                }
            ]
        }
    ],
    "pronunciations": {
        "uk": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/pʊʃ/",
                "audio": "pu/push/push__gb_2.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈpʊʃɪz/",
                "audio": "pu/push/pushes__gb_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/pʊʃt/",
                "audio": "pu/push/pushed__gb_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈpʊʃɪŋ/",
                "audio": "pu/push/pushing__gb_1.mp3"
            }
        ],
        "us": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/pʊʃ/",
                "audio": "pu/push/push__us_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈpʊʃɪz/",
                "audio": "pu/push/pushes__us_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/pʊʃt/",
                "audio": "pu/push/pushed__us_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈpʊʃɪŋ/",
                "audio": "pu/push/pushing__us_1.mp3"
            }
        ]
    },
    "wordOrigin": "Middle English (as a verb): from Old French pousser, from Latin pulsare ‘to push, beat, pulse’ (see the verb pulse). The early sense was ‘exert force on’, giving rise later to ‘make a strenuous effort, endeavour’."
}