{
    "term": "require",
    "partOfSpeech": "verb",
    "academic": true,
    "ox3000": true,
    "cefr": "b1",
    "verbForms": {
        "presentSimple": {
            "iYouWeThey": "require",
            "heSheIt": "requires"
        },
        "pastSimple": "required",
        "pastParticiple": "required",
        "ingForm": "requiring"
    },
    "definitions": [
        {
            "senseNumber": 1,
            "definition": "to need something; to depend on somebody/something",
            "sensetop": "require somethingrequire somebody/something to do somethingrequire that…require doing something",
            "labels": "(British English also)",
            "cefr": "b1",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "These pets require a lot of care and attention.",
                    "contextForm": "require something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Deciphering the code requires an expert."
                },
                {
                    "text": "This condition requires urgent treatment."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Do you require anything else? *(= in a shop/store, for example)*"
                },
                {
                    "text": "These plants absolutely require shade."
                },
                {
                    "text": "True marriage requires us to show trust and loyalty.",
                    "contextForm": "require somebody/something to do something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "The situation required that he be present.",
                    "contextForm": "require that…"
                },
                {
                    "text": "The situation required that he should be present."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Lentils do not require soaking before cooking.",
                    "contextForm": "require doing something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "The scheme will require a high level of investment."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Friendships do not just happen; they require effort."
                },
                {
                    "text": "They are trying to reduce the time required to complete the process."
                },
                {
                    "text": "These changes require vast amounts of capital"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Sufficient moisture is required for good growth."
                },
                {
                    "text": "More research is urgently required before conclusions can be drawn."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The plants usually require treatment each year."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Your services are no longer required."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Force is required in order to open it."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Applying online requires less time and effort."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["urgently", "reasonably", "generally"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 2,
            "definition": "to make somebody do or have something, especially because it is necessary according to a particular law or set of rules",
            "sensetop": "require somethingbe required (by something)be required of somebodybe required to do somethingrequire that…",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "I just require a signature on the form.",
                    "contextForm": "require something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "The wearing of seat belts is **required by law**.",
                    "contextForm": "be required (by something)"
                },
                {
                    "text": "‘Hamlet’ is **required reading** *(= must be read)* for this course."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Several students failed to reach the required standard."
                },
                {
                    "text": "What exactly is required of a receptionist *(= what are they expected to do)*?",
                    "contextForm": "be required of somebody"
                },
                {
                    "text": "All candidates will be required to take a short test.",
                    "contextForm": "be required to do something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "All adults are legally required to pay the tax."
                },
                {
                    "text": "We require that you comply with the following rules:…",
                    "contextForm": "require that…"
                },
                {
                    "text": "The law requires that everyone wear a seat belt."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The government's ruling will require widespread changes in classroom practices."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Graduates should possess the knowledge and skills required by industry."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Students were required to provide a written proposal."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Such use may require approval by federal regulatory agencies."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The workshop is free, but booking is required."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Farmers will be required to pay for the testing."
                },
                {
                    "text": "These are the conditions required under the terms of the agreement."
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Permission and obligation"],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["urgently", "reasonably", "generally"]
            }
        }
    ],
    "pronunciations": {
        "uk": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/rɪˈkwaɪə(r)/",
                "audio": "re/require/require__gb_2.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/rɪˈkwaɪəz/",
                "audio": "re/require/requires__gb_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/rɪˈkwaɪəd/",
                "audio": "re/require/required__gb_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/rɪˈkwaɪərɪŋ/",
                "audio": "re/require/requiring__gb_1.mp3"
            }
        ],
        "us": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/rɪˈkwaɪər/",
                "audio": "re/require/require__us_3.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/rɪˈkwaɪərz/",
                "audio": "re/require/requires__us_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/rɪˈkwaɪərd/",
                "audio": "re/require/required__us_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/rɪˈkwaɪərɪŋ/",
                "audio": "re/require/requiring__us_1.mp3"
            }
        ]
    },
    "wordOrigin": "late Middle English: from Old French requere, from Latin requirere, from re- (expressing intensive force) + quaerere ‘seek’."
}