{
    "term": "shoulder",
    "partOfSpeech": "noun",
    "ox3000": true,
    "cefr": "a2",
    "image": "data/images/bo/body.png",
    "definitions": [
        {
            "senseNumber": 1,
            "definition": "either of the two parts of the body between the top of each arm and the neck",
            "sensetop": "over somebody's shoulderon somebody's shoulderaround somebody's shoulder",
            "labels": "(informal)(formal)(British English)(British English)(disapproving)(both informal, often disapproving)(informal, disapproving)",
            "cefr": "a2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "your **left/right shoulder**"
                },
                {
                    "text": "a tall man with broad shoulders"
                },
                {
                    "text": "He slung the bag over his shoulder.",
                    "contextForm": "over somebody's shoulder"
                },
                {
                    "text": "He **looked** back **over his shoulder**."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He carried the child on his shoulders.",
                    "contextForm": "on somebody's shoulder"
                },
                {
                    "text": "I put a hand on her shoulder to stop her."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She tapped him on the shoulder."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He put an arm around her shoulders and pulled her close.",
                    "contextForm": "around somebody's shoulder"
                },
                {
                    "text": "She **shrugged her shoulders** *(= showing that she didn't know or care)*."
                },
                {
                    "text": "an **off-the-shoulder** dress *(= that does not cover the shoulders)*"
                },
                {
                    "text": "a **shoulder injury**"
                },
                {
                    "text": "I have to have **shoulder surgery**."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He hunched his shoulders against the cold wind."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Her shoulders lifted in a vague shrug."
                },
                {
                    "text": "His broad shoulders heaved with sobs."
                },
                {
                    "text": "His frozen shoulder has stopped him from playing tennis."
                },
                {
                    "text": "In an aggressive situation, we stand tall and square our shoulders."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Inhale, drop your shoulders and raise your chest."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Keep the feet shoulder width apart."
                },
                {
                    "text": "My shoulders dropped with relief."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Roll your shoulders forward and take a deep breath."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She was crouched with her head forward and her shoulders bent."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The child sat on her father's shoulders to watch the parade go by."
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Body"],
            "collocations": {
                "adjective": ["broad", "huge", "muscled"],
                "verb + shoulders": ["shrug", "hunch", "drop"],
                "shoulders + verb": ["be bent", "be bowed", "be stooped"],
                "preposition": ["on somebody’s shoulders"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 2,
            "definition": "having the type of shoulders mentioned",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "broad-shouldered"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 3,
            "definition": "the part of a piece of clothing that covers the shoulder",
            "cefr": "a2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "a jacket with padded shoulders"
                },
                {
                    "text": "There was snow on the shoulders of his heavy black coat."
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Clothes and Fashion"]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 4,
            "definition": "meat from the top part of one of the front legs of an animal that has four legs",
            "sensetop": "shoulder (of something)",
            "cefr": "b1",
            "examples": [],
            "topics": ["Food"]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 5,
            "definition": "a part of something, such as a bottle or mountain, that is like a shoulder in shape",
            "sensetop": "shoulder (of something)",
            "cefr": "c2",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The village lay just around the shoulder of the hill."
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Geography"]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 6,
            "definition": "an area of ground at the side of a road where vehicles can stop in an emergency",
            "labels": "(North American English)",
            "cefr": "c2",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "No shoulder for next 5 miles *(= on a notice)*."
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Transport by car or lorry"]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to be much better than other people or things",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "His performance stood head and shoulders above the rest."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to be anxious and have the feeling that somebody is going to do something unpleasant or harmful to you",
            "examples": []
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to treat somebody in a way that is not friendly",
            "labels": "(informal)",
            "examples": []
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to be sensitive about something that happened in the past and become easily offended if it is mentioned because you think that you were treated unfairly",
            "labels": "(informal)",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "He has a real chip on his shoulder about not being chosen for the team."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to be a sensible person",
            "examples": []
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "used to describe a young person who acts in a more sensible way than you would expect for a person of their age",
            "examples": []
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "if blame, guilt, etc. is on somebody’s shoulders, they must take responsibility for it",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "Stop trying to put the blame on somebody else’s shoulders."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to start working very hard at a particular task",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "Everyone is going to have to put their shoulder to the wheel."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to meet and spend time with a famous person, socially or as part of your job",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "He’s rubbing shoulders with stars all the time."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She had been rubbing elbows with celebrities."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "used to describe a person who listens to your problems and gives you sympathy",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "He was a fatherly shoulder to cry on when things went wrong."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 1,
            "definition": "physically close to somebody",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The large crowd stood shoulder to shoulder in the stands."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The route of the procession was lined with police officers standing shoulder to shoulder."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 2,
            "definition": "as one group that has the same aims, opinions, etc.",
            "cefr": "c2",
            "examples": [],
            "topics": ["Opinion and argument"]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "if you say something straight from the shoulder, you are being very honest and direct, even if what you are saying is critical",
            "examples": []
        }
    ],
    "pronunciations": {
        "uk": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈʃəʊldə(r)/",
                "audio": "sh/shoulder/shoulder__gb_1.mp3"
            }
        ],
        "us": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈʃəʊldər/",
                "audio": "sh/shoulder/shoulder__us_1.mp3"
            }
        ]
    },
    "wordOrigin": "Old English sculdor, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch schouder and German Schulter."
}