{
    "term": "show",
    "partOfSpeech": "verb",
    "ox3000": true,
    "cefr": "a1",
    "verbForms": {
        "presentSimple": {
            "iYouWeThey": "show",
            "heSheIt": "shows"
        },
        "pastSimple": "showed",
        "pastParticiple": "shown",
        "ingForm": "showing"
    },
    "definitions": [
        {
            "senseNumber": 1,
            "definition": "to make something clear; to prove something",
            "sensetop": "show (that)…show somebody that…show somethingshow somebody/something to be/have somethingshow somebody/something doing somethingshow how, what, etc…show somebody how, what, etc…",
            "cefr": "a1",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The **figures** clearly **show** that her claims are false.",
                    "contextForm": "show (that)…"
                },
                {
                    "text": "The government's popularity is declining, as the **polls show**."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Our **research showed** us that women were more interested in their health than men.",
                    "contextForm": "show somebody that…"
                },
                {
                    "text": "The report **showed an increase** in sales.",
                    "contextForm": "show something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "**Studies show** a link between cancer and processed meats."
                },
                {
                    "text": "His new book shows him to be a first-rate storyteller.",
                    "contextForm": "show somebody/something to be/have something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Tax records show Shakespeare living near the Globe Theatre in 1599.",
                    "contextForm": "show somebody/something doing something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "This shows how people are influenced by TV advertisements.",
                    "contextForm": "show how, what, etc…"
                },
                {
                    "text": "History has shown us how dangerous nationalism can be.",
                    "contextForm": "show somebody how, what, etc…"
                },
                {
                    "text": "The survey showed that 58% of Britons were against the change."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Statistics show that close to half of all antibiotics used are employed in agriculture."
                },
                {
                    "text": "A public consultation appeared to show that most of the UK population oppose GM crops."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The study showed the effects of the drug on the brain."
                },
                {
                    "text": "There is no evidence to show that this is the case."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Records show he was born in Poland in 1857."
                },
                {
                    "text": "What the results show is that the more herbicide farmers use on crops, the worse it is for wild plants and animals."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The telecoms company has 11.8 million customers, data shows."
                },
                {
                    "text": "“We will show people that organic is best,” he said."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Field tests have shown good results."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Research has not shown any consistent difference in effectiveness of the two treatments."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Records show a message being sent at 12:38."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Records show a message to have been sent at 12:38."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Experience shows us what can happen when resentment is allowed to build up."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["clearly", "conclusively", "convincingly"],
                "verb + show": ["appear to", "seem to", "go to"],
                "preposition": ["to"],
                "phrases": ["a chance to show something"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 2,
            "definition": "to let somebody see something",
            "sensetop": "show somethingshow something to somebodyshow somebody something",
            "cefr": "a1",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "You have to show your ticket as you go in.",
                    "contextForm": "show something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "If there's a letter from France please show it to me.",
                    "contextForm": "show something to somebody"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Have you shown your work to anyone?"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Have you shown anyone your work?",
                    "contextForm": "show somebody something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "We were shown a training video."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Anyone picking up a parcel has to show ID."
                },
                {
                    "text": "You may be required to show proof of age."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The police officer showed his badge."
                },
                {
                    "text": "We want to show our product to the consumer."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She showed her new toy to her friends."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I showed my press pass to the woman on the door."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Come out and show yourselves!"
                },
                {
                    "text": "I want a dress that won't show too much of my arms."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He wore a mask that showed only his eyes."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She did not want her face shown."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Show me your hand—it looks sore."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Don't let anyone in unless they show you their card."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Show mummy your picture."
                },
                {
                    "text": "They showed us their holiday photos."
                },
                {
                    "text": "We showed him the film and he said it was good."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Students were shown a video and then asked questions."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["clearly", "conclusively", "convincingly"],
                "verb + show": ["appear to", "seem to", "go to"],
                "preposition": ["to"],
                "phrases": ["a chance to show something"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 3,
            "definition": "to teach or demonstrate the way to do something, for example by letting somebody watch you do it or by explaining it",
            "sensetop": "show something to somebodyshow somebody somethingshow somethingas shown in somethingshow somebody how, what, etc…show how, what, etc…",
            "cefr": "a1",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "She showed the technique to her students.",
                    "contextForm": "show something to somebody"
                },
                {
                    "text": "She showed her students the technique.",
                    "contextForm": "show somebody something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "In my book I showed a method which is very quick and easy.",
                    "contextForm": "show something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Glue the sticks to the paper as shown in Figure 37.",
                    "contextForm": "as shown in something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Can you show me how to do it?",
                    "contextForm": "show somebody how, what, etc…"
                },
                {
                    "text": "The diagram shows how to assemble the shelves.",
                    "contextForm": "show how, what, etc…"
                },
                {
                    "text": "We can show you various ways to improve the heating efficiency of your home."
                },
                {
                    "text": "They are showing kids a different way to make music."
                },
                {
                    "text": "This chapter shows several basic techniques."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I'm going to show you some simple recipes."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Lee was happy to show her how it should be done."
                },
                {
                    "text": "This is a book that shows, using examples, how blogs should be written."
                },
                {
                    "text": "This session is designed to show how to use the basic printer functions."
                },
                {
                    "text": "We will show you what to do in the event of an emergency."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She just needs to be shown what to do."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The course shows what to do when organising large events."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["clearly", "conclusively", "convincingly"],
                "verb + show": ["appear to", "seem to", "go to"],
                "preposition": ["to"],
                "phrases": ["a chance to show something"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 4,
            "definition": "to point to something so that somebody can see where or what it is",
            "sensetop": "show somebody somethingshow somebody which, what, etc…",
            "cefr": "a1",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "He showed me our location on the map.",
                    "contextForm": "show somebody something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Show me which picture you drew.",
                    "contextForm": "show somebody which, what, etc…"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Show me which one is you in this photo."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The doctor asked him to show her where on his body it hurt."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Can you show me where your school is on this map?"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Show me which one you like best."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Show me who's the man you saw."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I showed her some differences between the two photographs."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["clearly", "conclusively", "convincingly"],
                "verb + show": ["appear to", "seem to", "go to"],
                "preposition": ["to"],
                "phrases": ["a chance to show something"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 5,
            "definition": "to lead or guide somebody to a place",
            "sensetop": "show somebody + adv./prep.show somebody something",
            "cefr": "a2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The attendant showed us to our seats.",
                    "contextForm": "show somebody + adv./prep."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The candidates were shown in."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I'll go first and **show** you **the way**.",
                    "contextForm": "show somebody something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "‘There's a Mr Smith here to see you.’ ‘Show him in.’"
                },
                {
                    "text": "We were shown into the waiting room."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Could you show this gentleman the way to the conference hall, please?"
                },
                {
                    "text": "I'll show you to your table."
                },
                {
                    "text": "We were shown to our room by the porter."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He showed me up to the guest room."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Aren't you going to show your friend out?"
                },
                {
                    "text": "They showed their guests out by the back door."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The guide showed us through a succession of splendid rooms."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 6,
            "definition": "to make it clear that you have a particular quality",
            "sensetop": "show somethingshow somebody somethingshow yourself + adj.show yourself + nounshow yourself to be/have somethingshow that…",
            "cefr": "b1",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "to show great courage",
                    "contextForm": "show something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "He has shown his commitment to his art."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She wants to show the world her ability.",
                    "contextForm": "show somebody something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "She had shown herself unable to deal with money.",
                    "contextForm": "show yourself + adj."
                },
                {
                    "text": "You have shown yourself a master tactician.",
                    "contextForm": "show yourself + noun"
                },
                {
                    "text": "He has shown himself to be ready to make compromises.",
                    "contextForm": "show yourself to be/have something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "He has shown that he is ready to make compromises.",
                    "contextForm": "show that…"
                },
                {
                    "text": "He failed to show any great acting skills."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He has shown himself worthy of the trust placed in him."
                },
                {
                    "text": "By doing this you risk showing yourself to be an outsider."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He has shown himself to be one of those critics who ignores context."
                },
                {
                    "text": "If you publish an article, you'll show yourself to be a credible expert."
                },
                {
                    "text": "We wanted to show that we could live simply."
                },
                {
                    "text": "You've clearly shown that you can't be trusted."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She's shown us all that she can rise to a challenge."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She has shown everyone her talent."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I want to show people that I'm serious about this."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["clearly", "conclusively", "convincingly"],
                "verb + show": ["appear to", "seem to", "go to"],
                "preposition": ["to"],
                "phrases": ["a chance to show something"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 7,
            "definition": "to behave in a particular way towards somebody",
            "sensetop": "show somethingshow something for/to somebodyshow somebody something",
            "cefr": "b1",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "I wanted to be there to **show support**.",
                    "contextForm": "show something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "They **showed** no **respect** for their parents.",
                    "contextForm": "show something for/to somebody"
                },
                {
                    "text": "They **showed** their parents no **respect**.",
                    "contextForm": "show somebody something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "They have shown us nothing but kindness."
                },
                {
                    "text": "We want to show support to young artists making their way."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Nobody showed any sympathy for my situation."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He pleaded with them to show mercy."
                },
                {
                    "text": "They showed the prisoners no mercy."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I think they could show a bit more empathy in the way they deal with this."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He was appalled at the lack of courtesy shown by staff who failed to respond to emails."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 8,
            "definition": "if a feeling or quality shows, or if somebody/something shows it, it can be seen or noticed",
            "sensetop": "show somethingshow how, what, etc…",
            "cefr": "b1",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "Fear showed in his eyes."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She tried not to let her disappointment show."
                },
                {
                    "text": "They loved working together, **and it shows** *(= it can be seen in their work)*."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She **showed** no **interest** in my work.",
                    "contextForm": "show something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Her expression showed her disappointment."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The market **shows** no **sign of** slowing down."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Her second attempt **showed** a marked **improvement**."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The new strategy **shows promise**."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She tried not to show how disappointed she was.",
                    "contextForm": "show how, what, etc…"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Lewis refused to show any emotion."
                },
                {
                    "text": "James began to show signs of impatience."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Investors are beginning to show a lot of interest in the idea."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She couldn't help showing some irritation."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He's nearly sixty now, and it shows."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Her experience showed in the confident way she handled the problem."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The fields are beginning to show signs of drought."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Inflation is beginning to show its effects."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The new model showed some significant improvements over the old one."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The condition of the skin showed little change."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Her work shows a clear sense of purpose."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Products aimed at kids are showing the biggest growth."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Her face rarely shows what she is feeling."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He has shown where his priorities lie."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["hardly"],
                "verb + show": ["begin to", "let something"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 9,
            "definition": "if something shows, people can see it. If something shows a mark, dirt, etc., the mark can be seen.",
            "sensetop": "show somethingshow + adj.",
            "cefr": "b1",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "She had a warm woollen hat and scarf on that left only her eyes and nose showing."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Nothing showed on the X-ray."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Their new white carpet showed every mark.",
                    "contextForm": "show something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "He grinned, and his teeth showed white in the darkness.",
                    "contextForm": "show + adj."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Light was showing under the door."
                },
                {
                    "text": "It's such a tiny mark, it hardly shows."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The cloth was folded so that the stain didn't show."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I tried to cover the bruise with make-up, but it still showed."
                },
                {
                    "text": "His hands were clenched, the whites of the knuckles showing."
                },
                {
                    "text": "His shirt tail was showing from under his jersey."
                },
                {
                    "text": "A patterned rug won't show the dirt."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The MRI scan showed a mass which was likely to be a tumour."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The X-ray didn't show any fractures."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The path showed white in the gathering dusk."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The glacial ice shows blue."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["hardly"],
                "verb + show": ["begin to", "let something"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 10,
            "definition": "to give particular information, or a time or measurement",
            "sensetop": "show somethingshow how, what, etc…",
            "cefr": "b1",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The map shows the principal towns and rivers.",
                    "contextForm": "show something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "The clock showed midnight."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The end-of-year accounts show a loss."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The flow chart shows how resources are allocated.",
                    "contextForm": "show how, what, etc…"
                },
                {
                    "text": "a map showing the coastline"
                },
                {
                    "text": "The data showed a 14 per cent growth."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The rain gauge showed 2.5 inches."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The scale showed 63 kilograms."
                },
                {
                    "text": "My watch was showing the time as 3:33."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Figure 4 shows the costs for each option."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The response curves are shown in Fig. 1."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The graph shows two peak levels of risk."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The table shows how many participants in each of the five samples used the internet."
                },
                {
                    "text": "They brought in maps showing what the regional council proposed."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["clearly", "conclusively", "convincingly"],
                "verb + show": ["appear to", "seem to", "go to"],
                "preposition": ["to"],
                "phrases": ["a chance to show something"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 11,
            "definition": "to be of somebody/something; to represent somebody/something",
            "sensetop": "show somebody/somethingshow somebody/something + adv./prep. show somebody/something doing something",
            "cefr": "b1",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The photographs clearly show a broken window.",
                    "contextForm": "show somebody/something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "She had objected to a photo showing her in a bikini.",
                    "contextForm": "show somebody/something + adv./prep."
                },
                {
                    "text": "This picture shows my mother as a young woman."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The painting shows St George slaying the dragon.",
                    "contextForm": "show somebody/something doing something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "What does this image show?"
                },
                {
                    "text": "The picture shows a column of black smoke coming from the building."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Satellite photographs showed some sort of industrial facility."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The vase shows a hunting scene."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Her works typically show solitary women."
                },
                {
                    "text": "old cine film showing the family on holiday"
                },
                {
                    "text": "This photo shows them on their honeymoon in Cornwall."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The picture shows him as a baby."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The footage appeared to show her entering the store on the night of the attack."
                },
                {
                    "text": "objects from antiquity that show people working on the land"
                },
                {
                    "text": "This painting shows him slightly older."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["clearly", "conclusively", "convincingly"],
                "verb + show": ["appear to", "seem to", "go to"],
                "preposition": ["to"],
                "phrases": ["a chance to show something"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 12,
            "definition": "to be or make something available for the public to see",
            "sensetop": "show something",
            "cefr": "b1",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The movie is now showing at all major movie theaters."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The documentary will be shown on Sunday night.",
                    "contextForm": "show something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "She plans to show her paintings early next year."
                },
                {
                    "text": "a guide to what's showing at your local cinema"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Most TV channels showed highlights of the games."
                },
                {
                    "text": "News programmes all over the world showed the clip."
                },
                {
                    "text": "There weren't many places showing independent films."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The film was shown for the first time at Sundance Festival."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The movie is being shown now."
                },
                {
                    "text": "This is a repeat of a programme first shown in April."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The series will be shown on Channel 4 next month."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He showed his paintings with some success in Warsaw in 1905."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The works shown were too abstract for local tastes."
                },
                {
                    "text": "a chance for students to show their work in public"
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["TV, radio and news"],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["clearly", "conclusively", "convincingly"],
                "verb + show": ["appear to", "seem to", "go to"],
                "preposition": ["to"],
                "phrases": ["a chance to show something"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 13,
            "definition": "to prove that you can do something or are something",
            "sensetop": "show somebody (something)show yourself to be/have somethingshow what, how, etc…",
            "labels": "(informal)",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "They think I can't do it, but I'll show them!",
                    "contextForm": "show somebody (something)"
                },
                {
                    "text": "He has shown himself to be a caring father.",
                    "contextForm": "show yourself to be/have something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "I'm giving him a chance to show what he can do.",
                    "contextForm": "show what, how, etc…"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 14,
            "definition": "to arrive where you have arranged to meet somebody or do something",
            "labels": "(especially North American English, informal)",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "I waited an hour but he didn't show."
                },
                {
                    "text": "What if nobody shows?"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Only about 20 people showed."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 15,
            "definition": "to enter an animal in a competition",
            "sensetop": "show something",
            "examples": []
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to show your support for your country, an organization or an idea to encourage or persuade others to do the same",
            "examples": []
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to perform a particular activity in order to show other people what you are capable of doing",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "We watched the horses going through their paces."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The British team showed its paces during a training session in the hotel pool."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "used to say that something proves something",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "It just goes to show what you can do when you really try."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to ask somebody to leave, because they are no longer welcome",
            "examples": []
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to appear among your friends or in public",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "She stayed at home, afraid to show her face."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to make your plans or intentions known",
            "examples": []
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to show somebody/know/learn how a particular job should be done",
            "labels": "(informal)",
            "examples": []
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to do something first so that other people can follow",
            "examples": []
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to make it clear to somebody that you have more power and authority than they have",
            "examples": []
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "to show that you are ready to help, work hard, etc. if necessary",
            "labels": "(British English)",
            "examples": []
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": null,
            "definition": "(to have) something, nothing, etc. as a result of something",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "All those years of hard work, and nothing to show for it!"
                }
            ]
        }
    ],
    "pronunciations": {
        "uk": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ʃəʊ/",
                "audio": "sh/show/show__gb_5.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ʃəʊz/",
                "audio": "sh/show/shows__gb_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ʃəʊd/",
                "audio": "sh/show/showed__gb_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ʃəʊn/",
                "audio": "sh/show/shown__gb_2.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈʃəʊɪŋ/",
                "audio": "sh/show/showing__gb_1.mp3"
            }
        ],
        "us": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ʃəʊ/",
                "audio": "sh/show/show__us_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ʃəʊz/",
                "audio": "sh/show/shows__us_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ʃəʊd/",
                "audio": "sh/show/showed__us_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ʃəʊn/",
                "audio": "sh/show/shown__us_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈʃəʊɪŋ/",
                "audio": "sh/show/showing__us_3.mp3"
            }
        ]
    },
    "wordOrigin": "Old English scēawian ‘look at, inspect’, from a West Germanic base meaning ‘look’; related to Dutch schouwen and German schauen."
}