{
    "term": "stand",
    "partOfSpeech": "verb",
    "ox3000": true,
    "cefr": "a1",
    "verbForms": {
        "presentSimple": {
            "iYouWeThey": "stand",
            "heSheIt": "stands"
        },
        "pastSimple": "stood",
        "pastParticiple": "stood",
        "ingForm": "standing"
    },
    "definitions": [
        {
            "senseNumber": 1,
            "definition": "to be on your feet; to be in a vertical position",
            "sensetop": "+ adv./prep.+ adj.stand doing something",
            "cefr": "a1",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "She was too weak to stand."
                },
                {
                    "text": "a bird standing on one leg",
                    "contextForm": "+ adv./prep."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Don't just **stand there**—do something!"
                },
                {
                    "text": "I was standing only a few feet away."
                },
                {
                    "text": "We all **stood around** in the corridor waiting."
                },
                {
                    "text": "to stand on your head/hands *(= to be upside down, balancing on your head/hands)*"
                },
                {
                    "text": "**Stand still** while I take your photo.",
                    "contextForm": "+ adj."
                },
                {
                    "text": "We stood talking for a few minutes.",
                    "contextForm": "stand doing something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "People stood waiting for a bus in the rain."
                },
                {
                    "text": "After the earthquake, only a few houses were **left standing**."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He felt so weak he could hardly stand."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The man stood with his arms folded."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She stands with her back to the camera."
                },
                {
                    "text": "We stood side by side."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The painting shows a figure standing on a river bank."
                },
                {
                    "text": "People are shown standing or sitting in various poses."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Please remain standing until the judge takes her seat."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He stood stiffly in the middle of the room."
                },
                {
                    "text": "That's me standing in the middle on the back row."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She came and stood next to me."
                },
                {
                    "text": "You have to stand outside to smoke."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She stood silently staring at the screen."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She stood shyly in the corner, sipping her drink."
                },
                {
                    "text": "people standing in line at the supermarket"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Soldiers stood guarding the gates."
                },
                {
                    "text": "They stood facing each other."
                },
                {
                    "text": "As they stood watching, the building began to burn."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He stood awkwardly in the doorway, not sure what to say."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Her parents stood proudly at her side."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I stood there staring at him."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She stood on tiptoe to reach the shelf."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She stood rooted to the spot, too afraid to move or speak."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The roof was so low I could not stand upright."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He stood and looked out to sea."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He was standing on a chair, trying to change a light bulb."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She stood by the window, gazing out."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Stand still when I'm talking to you!"
                },
                {
                    "text": "She walks confidently, standing tall."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He stood naked in front of the mirror."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The kids were standing around chatting."
                },
                {
                    "text": "There were several people standing at the counter."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He grew up at 17 Leopold Strasse, where the house still stands."
                },
                {
                    "text": "It was one of the few trees standing after the forest fire."
                },
                {
                    "text": "They fought until only one man was left standing."
                },
                {
                    "text": "These majestic trees have stood for hundreds of years."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The wind damaged some of the crop so that it's no longer standing."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Only a short portion of the fence is still standing."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Most of the castle walls and both the towers still stand."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["erect", "tall", "upright"],
                "verb + stand": ["be able to", "can", "be unable to"],
                "phrases": ["be left standing", "stand rooted to the spot"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 2,
            "definition": "to get up onto your feet from another position",
            "sensetop": "stand up",
            "cefr": "a1",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "Everyone stood when the president came in."
                },
                {
                    "text": "We stood up in order to get a better view.",
                    "contextForm": "stand up"
                },
                {
                    "text": "I tried to stand up and found myself in agony."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She stood and walked out of the room."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He stood up to shake my hand."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The crowd stood and cheered."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Stand up so we can see you."
                },
                {
                    "text": "We have to stand up when the headteacher comes into the room."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The man slowly stood and started walking towards us."
                },
                {
                    "text": "When he stands up I see that he's over six feet tall."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Christine suddenly stood up and said, 'I have to go.'"
                },
                {
                    "text": "She finished eating, stood and pushed her chair back."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 3,
            "definition": "to put something/somebody in a vertical position somewhere",
            "sensetop": "stand something/somebody + adv./prep.",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "Stand the ladder up against the wall."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I stood the little girl on a chair so that she could see."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["erect", "tall", "upright"],
                "verb + stand": ["be able to", "can", "be unable to"],
                "phrases": ["be left standing", "stand rooted to the spot"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 4,
            "definition": "used especially in negative sentences and questions to emphasize that you do not like somebody/something",
            "sensetop": "stand somebody/somethingstand doing somethingstand to do somethingstand somebody/something doing something",
            "cefr": "a2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "I **can't stand** his brother.",
                    "contextForm": "stand somebody/something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "I can't stand the sight of blood."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I **can't stand it** when you do that."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She couldn't stand being kept waiting.",
                    "contextForm": "stand doing something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "She couldn't stand to be kept waiting.",
                    "contextForm": "stand to do something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "I can't stand people interrupting all the time.",
                    "contextForm": "stand somebody/something doing something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "How do you stand him being here all the time?"
                },
                {
                    "text": "I can't stand that man!"
                },
                {
                    "text": "I can't stand bland food."
                },
                {
                    "text": "One thing she can't stand is whining."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Even with people I really can't stand, I try to be polite."
                },
                {
                    "text": "You need to at least know if you can stand a person before you go travelling with them."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Her friends can stand me, but they don't really love me."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She couldn't stand the thought of being stuck with him all evening."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Get out—I can't stand the sight of you!"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Get out—I can't stand to look at you!"
                },
                {
                    "text": "How can you stand it here?"
                },
                {
                    "text": "The two of them can barely stand each other."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I used to love that album, though I can hardly stand it now."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I just can't stand them talking about work non-stop."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I can't stand it when he looks at me like that."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She can't stand it when people are rude."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I can't stand to listen to this garbage."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I can't stand him looking at me like that."
                }
            ],
            "synonyms": "bear",
            "collocations": {
                "verb + stand": ["can", "cannot", "can hardly"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 5,
            "definition": "used especially with can/could or will to say that somebody/something can survive something or can tolerate something without being hurt or damaged",
            "sensetop": "stand somethingstand doing somethingstand somebody doing somethingstand to do something",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "His heart won't stand the strain much longer.",
                    "contextForm": "stand something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Modern plastics can stand very high and very low temperatures."
                },
                {
                    "text": "It can stand being dropped from a great height without breaking.",
                    "contextForm": "stand doing something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Can you stand me touching your hand or is it too sore?",
                    "contextForm": "stand somebody doing something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "I can't stand to see him suffer any more.",
                    "contextForm": "stand to do something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "He could stand the pain no more."
                },
                {
                    "text": "How could she have stood such treatment for so long?"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Unable to stand the suspense, she opened the envelope."
                },
                {
                    "text": "At last, unable to stand it any longer, she screamed at them to shut up."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I'm not sure if the bookcase can stand any more weight."
                },
                {
                    "text": "There is a limit to how much stress the crop will stand."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I don't know how you can stand the heat."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I gave up because I couldn't stand the pressure."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The audience can stand about an hour before it starts to get restless."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The grief of losing a child is more than anyone can stand."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I couldn't stand the thought of never seeing him again."
                },
                {
                    "text": "It was so bad, I couldn't stand to watch."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I can't stand to touch it without flinching."
                },
                {
                    "text": "It smells so bad that no-one can stand to come near it."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She could barely stand to hear his name spoken without crying."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She could barely stand hearing his name spoken without crying."
                },
                {
                    "text": "They were unable to stand their father being treated with such disrespect."
                },
                {
                    "text": "It will stand being heated to high temperatures."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "verb + stand": ["can", "cannot", "can hardly"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 6,
            "definition": "to be in a particular place",
            "sensetop": "+ adv./prep.",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The castle stands on the site of an ancient battlefield."
                },
                {
                    "text": "An old oak tree once stood here."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Books stood in piles in the corner."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He points up to where a ruined building stands, surrounded by bare trees."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The two buildings stand back-to-back."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The stone manor house stands halfway up a hill."
                },
                {
                    "text": "There was a farm down the lane from where our house stood."
                },
                {
                    "text": "A mature sycamore tree stands at the bottom of the garden."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Here and there, dark trees stand."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The monument stood in the middle of an artificial lake."
                },
                {
                    "text": "A grandfather clock stands in the hall."
                },
                {
                    "text": "There was a gaping hole where the tower once stood."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The hotel stood about 65 metres above sea level on the cliff."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 7,
            "definition": "to be in a particular condition or situation",
            "sensetop": "+ adj.",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The house **stood empty** for a long time.",
                    "contextForm": "+ adj."
                },
                {
                    "text": "'You're wrong about the date—it was 2008.’ ‘I stand corrected *(= accept that I was wrong)*.'"
                },
                {
                    "text": "You **stand accused** of a terrible crime."
                },
                {
                    "text": "You never **know where you stand** with her—one minute she's friendly, the next she'll hardly speak to you."
                },
                {
                    "text": "**As things stand**, there is little chance of a quick settlement of the dispute."
                },
                {
                    "text": "We stand ready to help if you ever need it."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The machines stand idle because there is no one to operate them."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The property stood vacant for about six years."
                },
                {
                    "text": "His reputation deserves to stand higher than it does."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Make sure you know where you stand before you commit to anything."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I'd rather he was honest with me, then at least I'd know where I stand."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Where do we stand? Are we going to be allowed to continue?"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Give me a call tomorrow and let me know how things stand then."
                },
                {
                    "text": "As it stands (= in the current situation), there are two main sides to the debate."
                },
                {
                    "text": "As it currently stands, takeovers by foreign companies need the approval of this committee."
                },
                {
                    "text": "In the real world, as things currently stand, this rarely happens."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 8,
            "definition": "to be a candidate in an election",
            "sensetop": "stand for somethingstand as something",
            "labels": "(especially British English)North American English usually",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "He **stood for election** in Colchester.",
                    "contextForm": "stand for something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "He **stood for parliament** *(= tried to get elected as an MP)*."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She **stood** unsuccessfully **as a candidate** in the local elections.",
                    "contextForm": "stand as something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Her friends persuaded her to stand."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I have decided not to stand again."
                },
                {
                    "text": "There are more than a dozen candidates standing."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The company will make all its directors stand for re-election next year."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Members of the Civil Service cannot stand for political office."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He stood unsuccessfully for the party leadership."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I'm standing for class president."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He is standing for Oxford East in the election."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She decided to stand as an independent."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He was barred from standing as an MP."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She stood as a Liberal in the June elections."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He stood unsuccessfully as Mayor of New York."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Two candidates will be standing against her."
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Politics"],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["successfully", "unsuccessfully"],
                "verb + stand": ["decide to", "be allowed to"],
                "preposition": ["against", "as", "for"],
                "phrases": ["somebody’s decision to stand", "stand for election"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 9,
            "definition": "to be a particular height",
            "sensetop": "+ noun",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The tower stands 30 metres high."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 10,
            "definition": "to be at a particular level, amount, height, etc.",
            "sensetop": "stand at something",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "Interest rates stand at 3 per cent."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The world record then stood at 6.59 metres."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 11,
            "definition": "to be in a particular place, especially while waiting to go somewhere",
            "sensetop": "+ adv./prep.",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "The train standing at platform 3 is for London, Victoria."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 12,
            "definition": "to remain still, without moving or being moved",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "Mix the batter and let it stand for twenty minutes."
                },
                {
                    "text": "standing pools of rainwater"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 13,
            "definition": "if an offer, a decision, etc. made earlier stands, it is still available or relevant or still exists",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "My offer still stands."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The world record stood for 20 years."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 14,
            "definition": "to be in a situation where you are likely to do something",
            "sensetop": "stand to do something",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "You stand to make a lot from this deal."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Who **stands to benefit** the most?"
                },
                {
                    "text": "to **stand to gain/lose** something"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 15,
            "definition": "to have a particular attitude or opinion about something or towards somebody",
            "sensetop": "stand (on something)",
            "cefr": "c2",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "**Where do you stand** on private education?"
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Opinion and argument"]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 16,
            "definition": "to buy a drink or meal for somebody",
            "sensetop": "stand somethingstand somebody something",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "He stood drinks all round.",
                    "contextForm": "stand something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "She was kind enough to stand us a meal.",
                    "contextForm": "stand somebody something"
                }
            ]
        }
    ],
    "pronunciations": {
        "uk": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/stænd/",
                "audio": "st/stand/stand__gb_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/stændz/",
                "audio": "st/stand/stands__gb_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/stʊd/",
                "audio": "st/stand/stood__gb_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈstændɪŋ/",
                "audio": "st/stand/standing__gb_1.mp3"
            }
        ],
        "us": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/stænd/",
                "audio": "st/stand/stand__us_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/stændz/",
                "audio": "st/stand/stands__us_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/stʊd/",
                "audio": "st/stand/stood__us_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈstændɪŋ/",
                "audio": "st/stand/standing__us_1.mp3"
            }
        ]
    },
    "wordOrigin": "Old English standan (verb), stand (noun), of Germanic origin, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin stare and Greek histanai, also by the noun stead."
}