{
    "term": "struggle",
    "partOfSpeech": "verb",
    "ox3000": true,
    "cefr": "b2",
    "verbForms": {
        "presentSimple": {
            "iYouWeThey": "struggle",
            "heSheIt": "struggles"
        },
        "pastSimple": "struggled",
        "pastParticiple": "struggled",
        "ingForm": "struggling"
    },
    "definitions": [
        {
            "senseNumber": 1,
            "definition": "to try very hard to do something when it is difficult or when there are a lot of problems",
            "sensetop": "struggle for somethingstruggle to do something",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "life as a struggling artist *(= one who is very poor)*"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Shona **struggled for breath**.",
                    "contextForm": "struggle for something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "a country struggling for independence"
                },
                {
                    "text": "The firm is **struggling to cope **with the demand for its products.",
                    "contextForm": "struggle to do something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "Local workers were still **struggling to find **employment."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Most social enterprises **struggle to survive**."
                },
                {
                    "text": "We're already **struggling to keep up with** demand."
                },
                {
                    "text": "They struggled just to pay their bills."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She struggled for 10 years to achieve success as an actress."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I was unemployed and **struggling financially**."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The housing market continues to struggle."
                },
                {
                    "text": "For years, she struggled to make ends meet."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He was really struggling in geometry."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I'm really struggling with this essay."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The family struggled through the next few years."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The team struggled badly last season."
                },
                {
                    "text": "They had struggled valiantly to keep the railway operating."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He struggled desperately to get to the shore."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He struggled hard to keep the boat upright."
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Difficulty and failure"],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["desperately", "hard", "manfully"],
                "verb + struggle": ["have to"],
                "preposition": ["against", "along", "down"],
                "phrases": ["struggle to your feet"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 2,
            "definition": "to move somewhere or do something with difficulty",
            "sensetop": "+ adv./prep.",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "I struggled up the hill with the heavy bags."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Paul struggled out of his wheelchair."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She had to struggle into the tight dress."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She struggled to her feet and set off after him."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The small boat struggled against the waves."
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Difficulty and failure"],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["badly", "really", "clearly"],
                "preposition": ["through", "with"],
                "phrases": ["struggle to make ends meet"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 3,
            "definition": "to fight against somebody/something in order to prevent a bad situation or result",
            "sensetop": "struggle against somebody/somethingstruggle with somebody/something",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "Chloe **continued to struggle**, but her eyes began to close."
                },
                {
                    "text": "He struggled against cancer for two years.",
                    "contextForm": "struggle against somebody/something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "We should all struggle against injustice."
                },
                {
                    "text": "I have been **struggling with injury **for a couple of years.",
                    "contextForm": "struggle with somebody/something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "I am **struggling with** the same **issues **that other people are."
                },
                {
                    "text": "Lisa struggled with her conscience before talking to the police."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 4,
            "definition": "to fight somebody or try to get away from them",
            "sensetop": "struggle with somebody+ adj.",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "ox3000": true,
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "I struggled and screamed for help."
                },
                {
                    "text": "James was hit in the mouth as he struggled with the raiders.",
                    "contextForm": "struggle with somebody"
                },
                {
                    "text": "How did she manage to **struggle free**?",
                    "contextForm": "+ adj."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She struggled furiously but could not get away."
                },
                {
                    "text": "She struggled against her attacker."
                }
            ],
            "collocations": {
                "adverb": ["fiercely", "furiously", "violently"],
                "preposition": ["against", "with"],
                "phrases": ["struggle free"]
            }
        },
        {
            "senseNumber": 5,
            "definition": "to compete or argue with somebody/something, especially in order to get something",
            "sensetop": "struggle for somethingstruggle with somebody/something (for something)",
            "cefr": "b2",
            "examples": [
                {
                    "text": "rival leaders struggling for power",
                    "contextForm": "struggle for something"
                },
                {
                    "text": "countries struggling with each other for economic and military advantage",
                    "contextForm": "struggle with somebody/something (for something)"
                },
                {
                    "text": "The two men struggled for control of the party."
                },
                {
                    "text": "The firms are struggling for market share."
                }
            ],
            "topics": ["Opinion and argument"]
        }
    ],
    "pronunciations": {
        "uk": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈstrʌɡl/",
                "audio": "st/struggle/struggle__gb_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈstrʌɡlz/",
                "audio": "st/struggle/struggles__gb_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈstrʌɡld/",
                "audio": "st/struggle/struggled__gb_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈstrʌɡlɪŋ/",
                "audio": "st/struggle/struggling__gb_1.mp3"
            }
        ],
        "us": [
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈstrʌɡl/",
                "audio": "st/struggle/struggle__us_2.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈstrʌɡlz/",
                "audio": "st/struggle/struggles__us_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈstrʌɡld/",
                "audio": "st/struggle/struggled__us_1.mp3"
            },
            {
                "pronunciation": "/ˈstrʌɡlɪŋ/",
                "audio": "st/struggle/struggling__us_1.mp3"
            }
        ]
    },
    "wordOrigin": "late Middle English: frequentative, perhaps of imitative origin. The noun dates from the late 17th cent."
}