The path to the Worker’s main script or module. Must be either an absolute path or a relative path (i.e. relative to the current working directory) starting with ./ or ../, or a WHATWG URL object using file: protocol. If options.eval is true, this is a string containing JavaScript code rather than a path.
Optionaloptions: WorkerOptionsReadonlyperformanceAn object that can be used to query performance information from a worker
instance. Similar to perf_hooks.performance.
Optional ReadonlyresourceProvides the set of JS engine resource constraints for this Worker thread.
If the resourceLimits option was passed to the Worker constructor,
this matches its values.
If the worker has stopped, the return value is an empty object.
ReadonlystderrThis is a readable stream which contains data written to process.stderr inside the worker thread. If stderr: true was not passed to the Worker constructor, then data is piped to the
parent thread's process.stderr stream.
ReadonlystdinIf stdin: true was passed to the Worker constructor, this is a
writable stream. The data written to this stream will be made available in
the worker thread as process.stdin.
ReadonlystdoutThis is a readable stream which contains data written to process.stdout inside the worker thread. If stdout: true was not passed to the Worker constructor, then data is piped to the
parent thread's process.stdout stream.
ReadonlythreadAn integer identifier for the referenced thread. Inside the worker thread,
it is available as require('worker_threads').threadId.
This value is unique for each Worker instance inside a single process.
StaticcaptureSets or gets the default captureRejection value for all emitters.
Static ReadonlycaptureStaticdefaultStatic ReadonlyerrorThis symbol shall be used to install a listener for only monitoring 'error'
events. Listeners installed using this symbol are called before the regular
'error' listeners are called.
Installing a listener using this symbol does not change the behavior once an
'error' event is emitted, therefore the process will still crash if no
regular 'error' listener is installed.
Alias for emitter.on(eventName, listener).
Rest...args: any[]Synchronously calls each of the listeners registered for the event namedeventName, in the order they were registered, passing the supplied arguments
to each.
Returns true if the event had listeners, false otherwise.
const EventEmitter = require('events');
const myEmitter = new EventEmitter();
// First listener
myEmitter.on('event', function firstListener() {
console.log('Helloooo! first listener');
});
// Second listener
myEmitter.on('event', function secondListener(arg1, arg2) {
console.log(`event with parameters ${arg1}, ${arg2} in second listener`);
});
// Third listener
myEmitter.on('event', function thirdListener(...args) {
const parameters = args.join(', ');
console.log(`event with parameters ${parameters} in third listener`);
});
console.log(myEmitter.listeners('event'));
myEmitter.emit('event', 1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
// Prints:
// [
// [Function: firstListener],
// [Function: secondListener],
// [Function: thirdListener]
// ]
// Helloooo! first listener
// event with parameters 1, 2 in second listener
// event with parameters 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 in third listener
Rest...args: any[]Returns an array listing the events for which the emitter has registered
listeners. The values in the array are strings or Symbols.
const EventEmitter = require('events');
const myEE = new EventEmitter();
myEE.on('foo', () => {});
myEE.on('bar', () => {});
const sym = Symbol('symbol');
myEE.on(sym, () => {});
console.log(myEE.eventNames());
// Prints: [ 'foo', 'bar', Symbol(symbol) ]
Returns a readable stream for a V8 snapshot of the current state of the Worker.
See v8.getHeapSnapshot() for more details.
If the Worker thread is no longer running, which may occur before the 'exit' event is emitted, the returned Promise is rejected
immediately with an ERR_WORKER_NOT_RUNNING error.
A promise for a Readable Stream containing a V8 heap snapshot
Returns the current max listener value for the EventEmitter which is either
set by emitter.setMaxListeners(n) or defaults to defaultMaxListeners.
Returns a copy of the array of listeners for the event named eventName.
server.on('connection', (stream) => {
console.log('someone connected!');
});
console.log(util.inspect(server.listeners('connection')));
// Prints: [ [Function] ]
Alias for emitter.removeListener().
Rest...args: any[]Adds the listener function to the end of the listeners array for the
event named eventName. No checks are made to see if the listener has
already been added. Multiple calls passing the same combination of eventNameand listener will result in the listener being added, and called, multiple
times.
server.on('connection', (stream) => {
console.log('someone connected!');
});
Returns a reference to the EventEmitter, so that calls can be chained.
By default, event listeners are invoked in the order they are added. Theemitter.prependListener() method can be used as an alternative to add the
event listener to the beginning of the listeners array.
const myEE = new EventEmitter();
myEE.on('foo', () => console.log('a'));
myEE.prependListener('foo', () => console.log('b'));
myEE.emit('foo');
// Prints:
// b
// a
The callback function
Rest...args: any[]Adds a one-timelistener function for the event named eventName. The
next time eventName is triggered, this listener is removed and then invoked.
server.once('connection', (stream) => {
console.log('Ah, we have our first user!');
});
Returns a reference to the EventEmitter, so that calls can be chained.
By default, event listeners are invoked in the order they are added. Theemitter.prependOnceListener() method can be used as an alternative to add the
event listener to the beginning of the listeners array.
const myEE = new EventEmitter();
myEE.once('foo', () => console.log('a'));
myEE.prependOnceListener('foo', () => console.log('b'));
myEE.emit('foo');
// Prints:
// b
// a
The callback function
Rest...args: any[]Adds the listener function to the beginning of the listeners array for the
event named eventName. No checks are made to see if the listener has
already been added. Multiple calls passing the same combination of eventNameand listener will result in the listener being added, and called, multiple
times.
server.prependListener('connection', (stream) => {
console.log('someone connected!');
});
Returns a reference to the EventEmitter, so that calls can be chained.
The callback function
Rest...args: any[]Adds a one-timelistener function for the event named eventName to the_beginning_ of the listeners array. The next time eventName is triggered, this
listener is removed, and then invoked.
server.prependOnceListener('connection', (stream) => {
console.log('Ah, we have our first user!');
});
Returns a reference to the EventEmitter, so that calls can be chained.
The callback function
Rest...args: any[]Returns a copy of the array of listeners for the event named eventName,
including any wrappers (such as those created by .once()).
const emitter = new EventEmitter();
emitter.once('log', () => console.log('log once'));
// Returns a new Array with a function `onceWrapper` which has a property
// `listener` which contains the original listener bound above
const listeners = emitter.rawListeners('log');
const logFnWrapper = listeners[0];
// Logs "log once" to the console and does not unbind the `once` event
logFnWrapper.listener();
// Logs "log once" to the console and removes the listener
logFnWrapper();
emitter.on('log', () => console.log('log persistently'));
// Will return a new Array with a single function bound by `.on()` above
const newListeners = emitter.rawListeners('log');
// Logs "log persistently" twice
newListeners[0]();
emitter.emit('log');
Removes all listeners, or those of the specified eventName.
It is bad practice to remove listeners added elsewhere in the code,
particularly when the EventEmitter instance was created by some other
component or module (e.g. sockets or file streams).
Returns a reference to the EventEmitter, so that calls can be chained.
Optionalevent: string | symbolRemoves the specified listener from the listener array for the event namedeventName.
const callback = (stream) => {
console.log('someone connected!');
};
server.on('connection', callback);
// ...
server.removeListener('connection', callback);
removeListener() will remove, at most, one instance of a listener from the
listener array. If any single listener has been added multiple times to the
listener array for the specified eventName, then removeListener() must be
called multiple times to remove each instance.
Once an event is emitted, all listeners attached to it at the
time of emitting are called in order. This implies that anyremoveListener() or removeAllListeners() calls after emitting and_before_ the last listener finishes execution will
not remove them fromemit() in progress. Subsequent events behave as expected.
const myEmitter = new MyEmitter();
const callbackA = () => {
console.log('A');
myEmitter.removeListener('event', callbackB);
};
const callbackB = () => {
console.log('B');
};
myEmitter.on('event', callbackA);
myEmitter.on('event', callbackB);
// callbackA removes listener callbackB but it will still be called.
// Internal listener array at time of emit [callbackA, callbackB]
myEmitter.emit('event');
// Prints:
// A
// B
// callbackB is now removed.
// Internal listener array [callbackA]
myEmitter.emit('event');
// Prints:
// A
Because listeners are managed using an internal array, calling this will
change the position indices of any listener registered after the listener
being removed. This will not impact the order in which listeners are called,
but it means that any copies of the listener array as returned by
the emitter.listeners() method will need to be recreated.
When a single function has been added as a handler multiple times for a single
event (as in the example below), removeListener() will remove the most
recently added instance. In the example the once('ping')listener is removed:
const ee = new EventEmitter();
function pong() {
console.log('pong');
}
ee.on('ping', pong);
ee.once('ping', pong);
ee.removeListener('ping', pong);
ee.emit('ping');
ee.emit('ping');
Returns a reference to the EventEmitter, so that calls can be chained.
Rest...args: any[]By default EventEmitters will print a warning if more than 10 listeners are
added for a particular event. This is a useful default that helps finding
memory leaks. The emitter.setMaxListeners() method allows the limit to be
modified for this specific EventEmitter instance. The value can be set toInfinity (or 0) to indicate an unlimited number of listeners.
Returns a reference to the EventEmitter, so that calls can be chained.
StaticgetReturns a copy of the array of listeners for the event named eventName.
For EventEmitters this behaves exactly the same as calling .listeners on
the emitter.
For EventTargets this is the only way to get the event listeners for the
event target. This is useful for debugging and diagnostic purposes.
const { getEventListeners, EventEmitter } = require('events');
{
const ee = new EventEmitter();
const listener = () => console.log('Events are fun');
ee.on('foo', listener);
getEventListeners(ee, 'foo'); // [listener]
}
{
const et = new EventTarget();
const listener = () => console.log('Events are fun');
et.addEventListener('foo', listener);
getEventListeners(et, 'foo'); // [listener]
}
StaticlistenerA class method that returns the number of listeners for the given eventNameregistered on the given emitter.
const { EventEmitter, listenerCount } = require('events');
const myEmitter = new EventEmitter();
myEmitter.on('event', () => {});
myEmitter.on('event', () => {});
console.log(listenerCount(myEmitter, 'event'));
// Prints: 2
The emitter to query
The event name
Staticonconst { on, EventEmitter } = require('events');
(async () => {
const ee = new EventEmitter();
// Emit later on
process.nextTick(() => {
ee.emit('foo', 'bar');
ee.emit('foo', 42);
});
for await (const event of on(ee, 'foo')) {
// The execution of this inner block is synchronous and it
// processes one event at a time (even with await). Do not use
// if concurrent execution is required.
console.log(event); // prints ['bar'] [42]
}
// Unreachable here
})();
Returns an AsyncIterator that iterates eventName events. It will throw
if the EventEmitter emits 'error'. It removes all listeners when
exiting the loop. The value returned by each iteration is an array
composed of the emitted event arguments.
An AbortSignal can be used to cancel waiting on events:
const { on, EventEmitter } = require('events');
const ac = new AbortController();
(async () => {
const ee = new EventEmitter();
// Emit later on
process.nextTick(() => {
ee.emit('foo', 'bar');
ee.emit('foo', 42);
});
for await (const event of on(ee, 'foo', { signal: ac.signal })) {
// The execution of this inner block is synchronous and it
// processes one event at a time (even with await). Do not use
// if concurrent execution is required.
console.log(event); // prints ['bar'] [42]
}
// Unreachable here
})();
process.nextTick(() => ac.abort());
The name of the event being listened for
Optionaloptions: StaticEventEmitterOptionsthat iterates eventName events emitted by the emitter
StaticonceCreates a Promise that is fulfilled when the EventEmitter emits the given
event or that is rejected if the EventEmitter emits 'error' while waiting.
The Promise will resolve with an array of all the arguments emitted to the
given event.
This method is intentionally generic and works with the web platform EventTarget interface, which has no special'error' event
semantics and does not listen to the 'error' event.
const { once, EventEmitter } = require('events');
async function run() {
const ee = new EventEmitter();
process.nextTick(() => {
ee.emit('myevent', 42);
});
const [value] = await once(ee, 'myevent');
console.log(value);
const err = new Error('kaboom');
process.nextTick(() => {
ee.emit('error', err);
});
try {
await once(ee, 'myevent');
} catch (err) {
console.log('error happened', err);
}
}
run();
The special handling of the 'error' event is only used when events.once()is used to wait for another event. If events.once() is used to wait for the
'error' event itself, then it is treated as any other kind of event without
special handling:
const { EventEmitter, once } = require('events');
const ee = new EventEmitter();
once(ee, 'error')
.then(([err]) => console.log('ok', err.message))
.catch((err) => console.log('error', err.message));
ee.emit('error', new Error('boom'));
// Prints: ok boom
An AbortSignal can be used to cancel waiting for the event:
const { EventEmitter, once } = require('events');
const ee = new EventEmitter();
const ac = new AbortController();
async function foo(emitter, event, signal) {
try {
await once(emitter, event, { signal });
console.log('event emitted!');
} catch (error) {
if (error.name === 'AbortError') {
console.error('Waiting for the event was canceled!');
} else {
console.error('There was an error', error.message);
}
}
}
foo(ee, 'foo', ac.signal);
ac.abort(); // Abort waiting for the event
ee.emit('foo'); // Prints: Waiting for the event was canceled!
Optionaloptions: StaticEventEmitterOptionsOptionaloptions: StaticEventEmitterOptionsStaticsetBy default EventEmitters will print a warning if more than 10 listeners are
added for a particular event. This is a useful default that helps finding
memory leaks. The EventEmitter.setMaxListeners() method allows the default limit to be
modified (if eventTargets is empty) or modify the limit specified in every EventTarget | EventEmitter passed as arguments.
The value can be set toInfinity (or 0) to indicate an unlimited number of listeners.
EventEmitter.setMaxListeners(20);
// Equivalent to
EventEmitter.defaultMaxListeners = 20;
const eventTarget = new EventTarget();
// Only way to increase limit for `EventTarget` instances
// as these doesn't expose its own `setMaxListeners` method
EventEmitter.setMaxListeners(20, eventTarget);
Optionaln: numberRest...eventTargets: (EventEmitter | DOMEventTarget)[]
The
Workerclass represents an independent JavaScript execution thread. Most Node.js APIs are available inside of it.Notable differences inside a Worker environment are:
process.stdin,process.stdoutandprocess.stderrmay be redirected by the parent thread.require('worker_threads').isMainThreadproperty is set tofalse.require('worker_threads').parentPortmessage port is available.process.exit()does not stop the whole program, just the single thread, andprocess.abort()is not available.process.chdir()andprocessmethods that set group or user ids are not available.process.envis a copy of the parent thread's environment variables, unless otherwise specified. Changes to one copy are not visible in other threads, and are not visible to native add-ons (unlessworker.SHARE_ENVis passed as theenvoption to theWorkerconstructor).process.titlecannot be modified.process.on('...').worker.terminate()being invoked.trace_eventsmodule is not supported.certain conditions.Creating
Workerinstances inside of otherWorkers is possible.Like Web Workers and the
cluster module, two-way communication can be achieved through inter-thread message passing. Internally, aWorkerhas a built-in pair ofMessagePorts that are already associated with each other when theWorkeris created. While theMessagePortobject on the parent side is not directly exposed, its functionalities are exposed throughworker.postMessage()and theworker.on('message')event on theWorkerobject for the parent thread.To create custom messaging channels (which is encouraged over using the default global channel because it facilitates separation of concerns), users can create a
MessageChannelobject on either thread and pass one of theMessagePorts on thatMessageChannelto the other thread through a pre-existing channel, such as the global one.See
port.postMessage()for more information on how messages are passed, and what kind of JavaScript values can be successfully transported through the thread barrier.Since
v10.5.0